大学综合英语期末复习资料.docx

大学综合英语期末复习学校：昆明理工大学你心上大学综合英语考试考试时间:2013年6月21日下午13:3016:00综合部分：(总分100分；课内占55%,课外占45%)：Part I Writing 15%以综合教材中某个单元的主题为话题写一篇作文Part II Reading Comprehension 40%(4篇文章，每篇5题选择，每题2分)其中两篇来自课外，一篇选自综合教材 Practice Text I (Units 1-4)或者 Practice Text II (Units 5-8),还有一篇选自蓝鸽平台Part III Vocabulary 25%（25题选择，主要由由平台以及综合教程上的选词填空改编）Part IV Cloze 10%（20题选择，由背诵课文Text B改编）Part V Translation 10%（5题半句翻译，由课后翻译练习改编）视听说部分：（总分：100分;课内占55%,课外占45%）1. Short Conversations:10题，每题2分，共20分；课外2. Long Conversations:2篇，10题，每题2.5分，共25分；课内3. Passages:3篇15题，每题3分，共45分；课内&课外4. Dictation：1篇，10个空，每空1分；课外（A班及卓越班选自V0A）大学综合英语阅读理解学校：昆明理工大学你心上(以下四篇为重点，必考一篇，由于时间关系，我整理的阅读理解的答案，请大家记住答案，不要记住选项，出题老师会打乱顺序。)Practice Text I (Units 1-4)Passage oneQuestion 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.When I was 15, I announced to my English class that I was going to write.The whole class nearly fell out of their chairs laughing."Don't be silly.Only geniuses can become writers,"One classmate said to me.I was so humiliated I burst into tears.That night I wrote a sad poem about broken dreams and mailed it to a local newspaper. To my astonishment they published it, and sent me two dollars. I showed the poem to my follow students.Again they laughed.HJust plain dumb luck/'they said.I'd tasted success. That was more than any of them had done, and if it was "just dumb luck,” that was fine with me.During the next two years I sold dozens of poems, letters, jokes,etc. By the time I graduated from high school, I had published quite a lot,but I never mentioned my writing to my friends again. They were dream killers.But sometimes you do find a friend who supports your dreams.uIt's easy to write a book/' that new friend told me."You can do it."I had four children at the time, and the oldest was only four. We lived on a goat farm in Oklahoma, miles from anyone. All I had to do each day was take care of four kids, milk goats, and do the cooking, laundry and gardening.While the children napped, I typed on my ancient typewriter. I wrote what I felt. It took nine months, just like a baby.I chose a publisher at random and put the manuscript in an empty diaper box, the only box I could find,The letter I enclosed read:"I wrote this book myself, I hope you like it."A month later I received a contract and a request to start working on another book.Crying Wind became a bestseller, I appeared on TV talk shows.I traveled from New York to California and Canada on promotional tours. My first book also became required reading in schools in Canada.People ask what college I attended, what degrees I have, and what qualifications I have to be a writer. The answer is none. I just write. Fm not a genius, and I'm not gifted.十五岁的时候，我对班上同学宣布说准备写书。一半的学生开始窃笑，其余的则几乎从椅子上笑得跌到地上。“别傻了，只有天才才能成为作家，”一个同学对我说。我羞愧得大哭起来。那天晚上，我写了一首关于梦想破灭的伤心短诗，并将它寄给了当地的报社。出乎意料的是，他们发表了这首小诗并给我寄来了两美元。我是作家了，我的作品发表了并因此而得到了报酬。我拿给老师和同学看，他们再一次的嘲笑我。“瞎猫逮着死耗子，”我的第一篇作品就卖出去了。这比他们任何人做的都强，如果这是瞎猫逮着死耗子，那么我不在乎。在接下来的两年里，我卖掉了几十首诗歌、书信、笑话和食谱。中学毕业时，我的剪贴簿里已经贴满了我发表的作品。我再也没有将自己的写作情况告诉朋友。他们都是无情的摧梦者。但是有时也有朋友会支持你的梦想，“写作对你来说是简单的，”一个新的朋友告诉我,“你能做到的现时我有四个孩子，最大的只有四岁。孩子们进入梦乡时，我就在那台老掉牙的打字机前打字，我写下自己的感受，这花了我九个月的时间，就像十月怀胎。我随意选择了一家出版社，将手稿用空的尿布盒子包起来。在附信中我写道：“这本书是我自己写的，希望你喜欢。一个月后，我收到一份合同、一份预付款，以及另一本书的约稿。我的书哭泣的风成了最畅销的书。白天我出现在电视上的访谈节目中，晚上则回家换尿片。为了去领各种奖项，我从纽约来到加利福尼亚、加拿大。我的第一本书被列为加拿大本土美语学校的必读课程。人们问我曾上过什么大学，曾得过什么学位，曾获过什么资格证书才可以成为作家。答案是：“什么也不需要。”我只是写。我不是天才。57 .The best title of this passage would be Never give up.58 .The laughing of the whole class at the author's dream implied that they believed that shewas too simple and naive.59 .The authordid not show her publications to her classmates again because she knew she could not get any encouragement from them.60 .The author's determination on writing might come from the following EXCEPT her teacher's praise.61 .The author's story proves that perseverance is essential for one's success.Passage twoChris Peterson was teaching a class in psychology at Virginia Tech when he told his students to fill out a carefully designed test that determines a person's level of optimism and pessimism.The students also answered questions about their general health,including how often they went to a doctor.Peterson followed the health of his student the following year and discovered that the pessimists had twice as many diseases and made twice as many trips to the doctor as the optimists.Later,Mattin Seligman of the University of Pennsylvania and two of his colleagues,using interviews and blood tests,found that optimists have better immune（免疫的）activity than pessimists.Why?One big factor is that Pessimistic individualsas Seligman writes/'get depressed more easily and more often.”When a person is depressed,certain brain hormones become reduced,creating a chain of biochemical events that end up slowing down the activity if the immune system.Optimists also look at information in more depth to find out what they can do about the risk factors,In a study by Lisa Aspinwall,at the University of Maryland,subjects read health-related information on cancer and other topics.She discovered that optimists spent more time than pessimists reading the sever risk material and they remembered more of it.“These are people,Msays Aspinwall,who aren't sitting around wishing things were different They believe in a better outcome, and that whatever measures they take will help them to heaLIn other words,instead of having their heads in the clouds,optimistic.Thus,for yet another reason,optimists are likely to be healthier.The best news is what research has shown repeatedly:Anyone can become more optimistic with effort.And every effort you make to keep an optimistic attitude will reward you with a stronger immune system.So you'll enjoy better health.62 .The purpose of these scientific studies is to discover to what degree one's health is related to one's attitude in life.63 .Seligman's research suggests that optimism helps people become healthier.64 .According to the scientists,the reduction of immune activity is basically caused by one's depressed feeling.65 .It can be inferred from the passage that we can tell who is a pessimist by observing his reading behavior.66.Which of the following statements is NOT true?Pessimists have no hope of making a change in their attitude.Practice Text II (Units 5-8)Passage oneMy observation is that many instructors, from elementary school through undergraduate college courses, have a standard, conventional, only ,'one right way'* approach to the material. A student who does it differently from the instructor is labeled "wrong". I believe that such an approach is often the result of the limited intellectual ability of the instructor, who only knows one reliable technique.As a simple example of rigidity (僵化),when I was a pupil in elementary school, the textbook and instructor taught that the definition of a noun was "the name of a person, place, or thing.* But I had read my mother's old college grammar book, which said that a noun was "the name of anything1'. I liked the latter definition better, because it was logically simpler: any name is a noun. But I was marked wrong for not using the official definition, although the definition I gave on the examination was equivalent.Students who are both intelligent and highly creative often make average grades in school, because these creative students see issues and vagueness in examination problems that the instructor did not intend. Creative students "misread the questionaccording to the view of the conventional instructor. This problem is particularly severe on multiple choice examinations where a creative student can quickly find situations in which either all or none of the answers are correct, whereas a noncreative student who knows the material in a conventional way simply selects the best answer and gets marked correct.Children seem to have an innate sense of curiosity, enthusiasm, and imagination. Mature adults generally lack these qualities. Where did these qualities get lost? I believe that teachers and industrial managers beat these qualities out of people, in order to make them easier to control and manage. In my experience, both as a student and professor, organized education - as a bureaucracy （官僚机构）-actively discourages creativity. I believe that creativity can be taught and encouraged in a master-apprentice setting, such as a student working in a research laboratory.57. According to the author, what is the problem with school education?AThe techniques used in teaching are out of date.BJTeachers are trying to teach their students in their own way.CStudents are encouraged to solve a problem in a fixed way.DSchools do not provide students with proper learning materials.58. The author points out that the problem is caused by the following EXCEPT.Ateachers* poor qualitiesBthe lower academic levels of schoolsCJteachers* lack of instructive skillsDthe lack of learning materials3. By taking his / her early experience in education as an example, the author intends to.Aillustrate how teachers are too rigidBremind us of the importance of early educationCcriticize the unqualified teachers in his elementary school Dappeal for a comprehensive reform in higher education4. Creative students are more likely to make mistakes in examinations because.Athey misread the questions in the examinationsBthey find that some problems in the examinations are not clearCthey tend to understand a question in a vague wayDthey don't like to take direct approaches to examination problems5. In order to keep children curious and creative, the author suggests.Ainstructors make an effort to give clear instructions Bschools provide students with interesting materials Cstudents be trained in a master-apprentice relationship Dteachers change their instructive approachesPassage twoYour moral values are your beliefs about what is important in life. Some values refer to how one should act (be honest, unselfish, self-disciplined) while other values refer to what one wants to accomplish or obtain in life (a lot of money, fame, a family, friendships, world peace). Because a person cannot "have it all" or "be all things,*' priorities must be set and choices made. Setting your priorities often leads to value conflicts. You may want to be successful in your career, but you may also want a more relaxing lifestyle and more time to spend with friends and family. Here, the value of success may come into conflict with the value of family. Some examples of moral values are: integrity, respect, caring, justice and openness. There are many, many moral values; thus, these represent only a very few.To understand and solve a moral dilemma, you must figure out which values are involved in the conflict, prioritize them, and act upon the primary value. The act must be grounded in a moral rule.What is a moral rule? A moral rule is very specific; it is action guiding. It tells you what to do in a specific situation. Moral rules are quite specific about what should be done. Values are general beliefs or attitudes about something we desire or like. Our values very often underlie our moral rules. If my moral rule is "always be honest," then my value is "honesty." Values only express what it is that we believe has value.Being a moral person requires our knowing how to make good moral decisions by using ethical standards and critical thinking. Sometimes we must choose between what we want to be and what we want or desire. Very often what we have the right to do is not identical with what the right thing to do is. There is not one single decision making procedure which works.62. According to the passage, life is full of value conflicts because.Awe find it hard to make a choice between different thingsBJthere are too many things we don*t know how to obtainCmoney, fame, family and friendship are all valuable for usDpeople have different standards of values63. The author describes moral values as.Athe way one behavesBthe purpose of lifeCthe belief one has about what is valuable in lifeDthe things one has to choose in life64. When solving a moral problem, the author suggests.Awe take moral value as the ruleBJwe consider our choices in accordance with our social valuesCwe take into account both values and value rulesDwe base our decision on a moral rule65. In the third paragraph, the author intends to.Aemphasize the importance of values in our everyday lifeBexplain the difference between values and moral rulesCJdefine the role of moral rules when we make a choiceDdescribe what is a moral rule in detail66. We can infer from the last paragraph that.Amaking a moral decision is a complex processBour desires are the causes of moral conflicts Cmoral values are the basic standards of decisionsDmaking good moral decisions requires critical thinking（鉴于上个学期的期末考试中，考了蓝鸽平台的阅读理解“Hypnotism 催眠术”，我整理下本学期蓝鸽平台上的阅读理解，附上标准答案和翻译，由于时间关系，我并没有逐篇翻译。请大家好好复习。） Passage 1American society is not friendly to nap. In fact, says David Dinges, a sleep specialist at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine,There's even a prohibition against admitting we need sleep.*' Nobody wants to be caught napping or found asleep at work. To quote a proverb: uSome sleep five hours, nature requires seven, laziness nine and wickedness eleven.Wrong. The way not to fall asleep at work is to take naps when you need them. MWe have to totally change our attitude toward napping,n says Dr. William Dement of Stanford University, the godfather of sleep research.Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an "American sleep debt" which one member said was as important as the national debt. The commission was concerned about the dangers of sleepiness: people causing industrial accidents or falling asleep while driving. This may be why we have a new sleep policy in the White House. According to recent reports, President Clinton is trying to take a half-hour nap every afternoon.About 60 percent of American adults nap when given the opportunity. We seem to have Ma mid afternoon quiet phase," also called “a secondary sleep gate.1' Sleeping 15 minutes to two hours in the early afternoon can reduce stress and make us refreshed. Clearly, we were bom to nap.We don't nap to replace lost shut-eye or to prepare for a night shift. Rather, we "snack" on sleep, whenever, wherever and at whatever time we feel like it. I myself have napped in buses, cars, planes and on boats; in floors and beds; and in libraries, offices and museums.【短文大意】本篇为说明文。美国人对午睡一向不屑一顾，甚至认为那是懒惰大逆不道的表现。然而事实使他们改变了看法，午睡不仅仅是一种习惯，它能够消除紧张，恢复精力，所以美国人意识到了睡眠欠帐带来的诸多问题。1. It is commonly accepted in American society that too much sleep is.Aunreasonable BcriminalCharmfulD costly【答案与详解】A。该题为细节判断题。根据第一段第一句，wAmerican soc