全国计算机二级C语言上机100题.docx

上机题库第一部分填空题*勘勘*««*«注意:源程序存放在考生文件夹下的BLANK1. C中。1 .不得增行或删行，也不得更改程序的结构！2 .请在程序下划线处填入正确的内容并把下划线删除,使程序得出正确的结果。Il蠹蠹，康维的功能是:计算出带有头接点的单向链表中各结点数据域之和作为 函数值返回。#include#include Sdefine typedef<stdio. h><stdlib. h>N struct8list int data;struct list SLIST;*next;SLIST *creatlist(int *); void outlist(SLIST *); int fun( SLIST *h) SLIST *p； p=h->next; while (p)int s=0;s+= p->1dataP=p->一2nextreturn s;main() SLIST *head;int aN = 12, 87, 45, 32, 91, 16, 20, 48;head=creatlist(a); outlist(head);printf("nsum=%drT, fun(3);)headSLIST *creatlist(int a) SLIST *h,*p,*q；int i;h=p=(SLIST *)malloc(sizeof(SLIST);for(i=0; i<N; i+) q=(SLIST *)malloc(sizeof(SLIST); q->data=ai; p->next=q; p=q;p->next=0;return h;void outlist(SLIST *h) SLIST *p；p=h->next;if (p=NULL) printfCThe list is NULL!n"); else printf(XnHead ");do printf ("一>%d", p->data); p=p->next; while(p!=NULL);printf("一>Endn");2 .给定程序中，函数FUN的功能是:求出形参SS所指字符串数组中最长字符串的长度,其余 字符串左边用字符*补齐,使其与最长的字符串等长。字符串数组中工有M个字符串，且串 长<此 #include <stdio. h> #include<string.h>#defineM5#defineN20void fun(char (*ss)N) int i,j,k=0,n, m, len;for(i=0; i<M; i+) len=strlen(ssi);if(i=0) n=len; if(len>n) n=len; k=1;ifor(i=0; i<M; i+)if (i!=k) m=n;len=strlen(ssi);for (j=2： j>=0; j)lenssi m-=ssi j;for(j=0; j<n-len; j+)ssi j=3;' *')main()char sMN="shanghai", "guangzhou", "beijing", "tianjing", "cchongqing"int i;printf("nThe original strings are :n");for (i=0; i<M; i+) printf("%sn”, ssi);printf("n");fun(ss);printf("nThe result:n");for (i=0; i<M; i+) printf ("%sn", ssi);3 .人员记录由编号和出生年，月，日组成,N名人员的数据已在主函数中存入结构体数组std 且编号唯一。函数fun的功能是;找出指定编号人员的数据，作为函数值返回，有主函数输 出,若指定编号不存在,返回数据中的编号为空串。#include<stdio. h>#include<string. h>define N 8 typedef struct char num10;int year, month, day ;)STU;1fun (STU *std, char *num)STU int i;STU a=“，9999, 99, 99;for (i=0; i<N; i+)if ( strcmp (2, num) =0 ) stdi. numreturn (3);stdireturn a; main()STU stdN = rilllir, 1984,2,15, “222222”, 1983,9,21, "333333”, 1984,9,1, ("444444”, 1983, 7,15, "555555”, 1984, 9, 28, "666666", 1983,11,15,“777777”, 1983, 6, 22, “888888”, 1984, 8,19;STU p;char n10="666666”;p=fun(std, n);if (p. num0=0)printf(*nNot found !n");elseprintf("nSucceed !n ");printf ("%s%d-%d-%dnz，, p. num, p. year, p. month, p. day);) 4 .给定程序中已建立一个带有头结点的单向链表,链表中的各结点按数据域递增有序链接。 函数fun的功能:删除链表中数据域值相同的结点，使之保留一个。#include<stdio. h>#include<stdlib. h>define N 8 typedef struct list int data;struct list *next; SLIST;void fun( SLIST *h) SLIST *p, *q； p=h->next;if (p!=NULL) q=p->next;while(q!=NULL) if (p->data=q->data) p->next=q->next;free(1);qq=p->2;next 一 else P=q；q=q->3;nextSLIST *creatlist(int *a) SLIST *h, *p, *q; int i;h=p=(SLIST *)malloc(sizeof(SLIST);for(i=0; i<N; i+) q=(SLIST *)malloc(sizeof(SLIST); q->data=ai; p->next=q; p=q;p->next=0;return h;void outlist (SLIST *h) SLIST *p;p=h->next;if (p=NULL) printf(*nThe list is NULL!n"); else printf('nHead");do printfp->data); p=p->next; while(p!=NULL);printf(*->Endn*);main() SLIST *head; int aN = l,2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5;head=creatlist(a);printf("nThe list before deleting :n"); outlist(head);fun(head);printf(*nThe list after deleting :n"); outlist(head);5 .函数fun的功能是进行数字字符转换。若形参ch中是数字字符F9,贝0'转换成'9',T'转换成'8', '2'转换成7'9'转换成'O'若是其他字符则保持不变;并将转换后 的结果作为函数值返回.#include <stdio. h>1fun (char ch)charif (ch>= Q9 &&-2)ch<='9'return ' 9' - (ch-3);'O'return ch ;.main() char cl, c2;printf("nThe result :n");cl二'2' ;c2 = fun (cl);printf("cl=%cc2=%cn”, cl, c2);cl=，8' ; c2 = fun (cl);printf("cl=%cc2=%cn”, cl, c2);cl=，a ; c2 = fun(cl);printf("cl=%cc2=%cn”, cl, c2);6 .给定程序中，函数fun的功能是:对形参ss所指字符串数组中的M字符串按长度由短到长 进行排序。SS所指字符串数组中共有M个字符串，且串长3#include<stdio. h>include<string. h>#defineM5ttdefineN20void fun(char (*ss)N) int i, j, k, nM; char t N;for(i=0; i<M; i+) ni=strlen(ssi);for(i=0; i<M-l; i+) k=i;for(j=1; j<M; j+)i+1if (nk >nj) k=2;jif (k!=i) strcpy(t, ssi);strcpy(ssi, ssk);strcpy (ssk,3);tnk=ni;)main() char sMN = "shanghai", "guangzhou", "beijing", "tianjing", "cchongqing" int i;printf("nThe original strings are :n");for(i=0; i<M; i+) printf("%sn”, ssi);printf("n");fun(ss);printf("nThe result :n");for(i=0; i<M; i+) printf("%sn”, ssi);7 .函数FUN的功能是:从三个形参a, b,c中找出中间的哪个数，作为函数值返回。例如，当 a=3, b=5, c=4 时,中数为 4。ttinclude <stdio. h>int fun (int a, int b, int c) int t;t = (a>b) ? (b>c? b : (a>c?c:1) : (a>c)?2 : (b>c)?c:3);return t;1. a 2. a 3. bmain() int al=3, a2=5, a3=4, r;r = fun (al, a2, a3);printf("nThe middle number is : %dn', r);)8 .给定程序中，函数FUN的功能是:统计出带有头结点的单向链表中接点的个数，存放在形参 N所指的存储单元中。#include<stdio. h>#include<stdlib. h>#define N 8typedef struct list int data;struct list *next; SLIST;SLIST *creatlist(int *a);void outlist(SLIST *);void fun( SLIST *h, int *n) SLIST *p；*n=1;0p=h->next;while(p) (*n)+;p=2;p->nextmain() SLIST *head;int aN = 12, 87, 45, 32, 91,16, 20, 48, num;head=creatlist(a); outlist(head);fun (head,3);&numprintf (/znnumber=%dn/z, num);SLIST *creatlist(int a) SLIST *h, *p, *q;int i;h=p=(SLIST *)malloc(sizeof(SLIST);for(i=0; i<N; i+) q=(SLIST *)malloc(sizeof(SLIST);q->data=ai; p->next=q; p=q;)p->next=0;return h;void outlist(SLIST *h) SLIST *p;p=h->next;if (p=NULL) printf("The list is NULL!n");else printf(*XnHead ");do printf('一>%d”, p->data); p=p->next; while(p!=NULL);printf("->Endn"); 9 .给定程序的功能是:调用函数FUN将指定源文件中的内容复制到指定的目标文件中，复制 成功时函数返回值为1,失败时返回值为0。在复制的过程中,把复制的内容输出到终端屏 幕。主函数中源文件名房子变量sfname中，目标文件名放在变量tfname中。#include<stdio. h>include<stdlib. h>int fun(char *source, char *target) FILE *fs, *ft; char ch;if(fs=fopen(source,1)=NULL)"r"return 0;if (ft=fopen (target, "w") =NULL)return 0;printf("nThe data in file :n");ch=fgetc(fs);while(!feof(2)fs putchar( ch );fputc (ch,3);ftch=fgetc(fs);)fclose(fs); fclose(ft);printf("nn");return 1;main() char sfname20="myfilel”, tfname20="niyfile2"FILE *myf; int i; char c;myf=fopen(sfname, "w");printf("nThe original data :n");for(i=l; i<30; i+) c='A'+rand( )%25;fprintf (myf, "%c”, c); printf C%c*, c); fclose(myf);printf('nn");if (fun(sfname, tfname) printf("Succeed!");else printf("Fail!");10 .给定 程序中，函数FUN的功能是:在形参S所指字符串中的每个数字字符之后插入一个*o例如，形参S所指字符串为：def35adh3kjsdf7.执行结果为：def3*5*adh3*kjsdf7*#include <stdio. h> void fun(char *s) int i, j, n;for(i=0; si!='0' i+)if(si>= 0，1 si<='9')&& n=0;while(si+l+n!=_2_) n+;0for(j=i+n+l; j>i; j)sj+l= 3;sji=i+l;main() char s80="ba3a54cd23a”;printf("nThe original string is : %sn”,s);fun(s);printf("nThe result is : %sn”, s);11 .给定程序中，函数FUN的功能是:将形参STD所指结构体数组中年龄最大者的数据作为函 数值返回，并将main函数输出。#include <stdio. h> typedef struct char name10;int age;STD;STD fun(STD std, int n) STD max;int i;max=1;stdOfor(i=l; i<n; i+)if(max. age<2) max=stdi;stdi. agereturn max;main() STD std5 = faaa", 17, "bbb”, 16, "ccc”, 18, "ddd”, 17, "eee”, 15 ;STD max;max=fun(std, 5);printf(*nThe result: n");printf(*nName : %s, Age : %dn”,3 , max. age);max. name)12 .给定程序中，函数fun功能是:在带有头结点的单向链表中,查找数据域中为CH的结点, 找到后通过函数值返回该结点在链表中所处的顺序号;若不存在值为CH的结点，函数返 回。值。include<stdio. h>#include<stdlib. h>#define N 8typedef struct list int data;struct list *next; SLIST;SLIST *creatlist(char *);void outlist(SLIST *);int fun( SLIST *h, char ch) SLIST *p; int n=0;p=h->next;while(p!=_1_)NULLn+;if (p->data=ch) return 2;nelse p=p->next;)return 0;)main() SLIST *head;int k; char ch;char aN = ，m，,，p，g，,，a，,，w，,，x，,，r，,，d，;head=creatlist (a);outlist(head);printf("Enter a letter:");scanf ("%c”,&ch);k=fun (3);head, chif (k=0)printf("nNot found!n");elseprintf("The sequence number is : %dn”, k);SLIST *creatlist(char *a) SLIST *h,*p,*q;int i;h=p=(SLIST *)malloc(sizeof(SLIST); for(i=0; i<N; i+) q=(SLIST *)malloc(sizeof(SLIST); q->data=ai; p->next=q; p=q;p->next=O; return h;)void outlist(SLIST *h) SLIST *p； p=h->next; if (p=NULL) printfCnThe list is NULL!n");else printf("nHead");do printf('一>%c”, p->data); p=p->next; while(p!=NULL);printf("->Endn"); 13 .给定程序的功能是：从键盘输入若干行文本(每行不超过80个字符)，写到文件 myfile4. txt中，用-1作为字符串输入结素的标志。然后将文件的内容读出显示在屏幕 上。文件的读写分别由自定义函数read Text和write Text实现.#include <stdio. h>#include <string. h>Sinclude <stdlib. h>void WriteText(FILE *);void ReadText(FILE *);main() FILE *fp;if(fp=fopen("myfile4. txt", "w")=NULL) printf (，z open fail!n”> exit (0); WriteText(fp);fclose(fp);if (fp=fopen (*myfile4. txt", "r")=NULL) printf (" open fail!n"); exit(0); ReadText(fp);fclose(fp);)void WriteText (FILE 1 )*fw char str81;printf(XnEnter string with -1 to end :n");gets(str);while(strcmp(str, "T") !=0) fputs(2, fw); fputs("n", fw);strgets (str);)void ReadText(FILE *fr) char str81;printf("nRead file and output to screen :n");fgets(str, 81, fr);while( !feof(fr) ) printf 3);strfgets(str, 81, fr);)14 .给定程序中，函数FUN的功能是:有N X N矩阵，根据给定的m（m=N）值，将每个元素中的 值均右移m个位置,左边置为Oo例如,N=3, m=2,有下列矩阵123001456程序执行结果为004789007#include <stdio. h>#define N 4void fun(int (*t) N, int m) int i, j;for(i=0; i<N; 1 )i+ for(j=N-l-m; j>=0; j-)ti j+2 =ti j;mfor(j=0; j<3; j+)mmain() int t N = 21,12, 13, 24, 25,16, 47, 38, 29,11, 32, 54, 42, 21, 33, 10, i, j, m;printf("nThe original array:n);for (i=0; i<N; i+) for(j=0; j<N; j+)printf C%2d ”, ti j);printf Cn");) printf("Input m (m<=%d): ", N);scanf&m);fun(t, m);printf(*nThe result is:n*);for(i=0; i<N; i+) for(j=0; j<N： j+)printf(*%2d *,tij);printf("n");) )15 .函数FUN的功能是；把形参a所指数组中的最大值放杂a0中，接着求出a所指数组中 的最小值防在al中;再把a所指数组元素中的次大值a2中，把a所指数组的数据最初 排列为：1, 4, 2, 3,9, 6, 5, 8, 7,则按规则移动后，数据排列为：9,1, 8, 2,7, 3,6,4,5,形参n 中存放a所指数组中数据的个数。#include <stdio. h>#define N9void fun(int 1 , int n)*a int i, j, max, min, px, pn, t;for (i=0; i<n-l; i+=2)2 max = min = ai;px = pn = i;for (j=_3_; j<n; j+)i if (max < aj) max = aj; px = j; if (min > aj) min = aj; pn = j; )if (px != i) t = ai; ai = max; apx = t;if (pn = i) pn= px;if (pn != i+1) t = ai+l; ai+l = min; apn = t; main() int bN = l,4,2, 3,9,6, 5, 8, 7), i;printf("nThe original data :n");for (i=0; i<N; i+) printf(*%4d ”, bi);printf("n");fun(b, N);printf(*nThe data after moving :n");for (i=0; i<N; i+) printf(*%4d ”, bi);printf('n");16 .给定程序中，函数FUN的功能是;求SS所指字符串数组中长度最厂的字符串所在的行下 标,作为函数值返回,并把其串长防在形参n所指变量中。SS所指字符串数组中共有M个 字符串，且串长< N.#include <stdio. h>#define M 5#define N 20int fun(char (*ss) 1, int *n)N int i, k=0, len=0;for(i=0; i<M; i+) len=strlen(ssi);if (i=0) *n=2;lenif(len>*n) *n=3;1 enk=i;return(k);)main() char ssMN = "shanghai", "guangzhou", "beijing", "tianjing", "cchongqing" int n, k, i;printf("nThe original strings are :n");for(i=0;i<M;i+)puts(ssi);k=fun(ss, &n);printf("nThe length of longest string is : %dn', n);printf("nThe longest string is : %sn”, ssk);17 .函数FUN的功能是：逆置数组元素中的值。例如：若a所指数组中的数据依次 为：1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,则逆置后依次为:9, 8, 7。6, 5,4,3,2, K形参n给出数组中数据 的个数。 #include <stdio. h> void fun(int a, int n) int i, t;for (i=0; i<1; i+)n/2t=ai;ai = 2 an-l-i;an-l-i= 3;t) main() int b9 = l,2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, i;printf('nThe original data :n");for (i=0; i<9; i+)printf ("%4d ", bi);printf('n");fun(b, 9);printf("nThe data after invert :n");for (i=0; i<9; i+)printf ("%4d ", bi);printf('n");18 .给定程序中，函数FUN的功能是:在形参S所指字符串中寻找与参数C相同的字符,并在 其后插入一个与之相同的字符,若找不到相同的字符则函数不做任何处理。例如,S所指字符串：baacda,c中的字符为:a,执行后S所指字符串为:baaaacdaa include <stdio. h> void fun(char *s, char c) int i, j, n;/*found*/for(i=0; si!=1; i+)' 0'if (si=c) /*found*/n=2;0while(si+l+n!=' 0') n+;for(j=i+n+l; j>i; j) sj+l=sj;/*found*/sj+l=s3 ;ii=i+l;main() char s80="baacda”, c;printf(*nThe string: %sn*,s);printf (/znlnput a character: "); scanf &c);fun(s, c);printf("nThe result is: %sn”,s);)19 .函数FUN的功能是:把形参a所指数组总的奇数原顺序依次存放到a0,al,a2. 中，把偶数从数组中删除,奇数个数通过函数值返回。例如:若a所指数组中的数据最初 排列为：9、1、4、2、3、6、5、8、7,删除偶数后，a所指数组中数据为：9、1、3、5、 7,返回值为5o#include <stdio. h>#define N 9int fun(int a, int n) int i, j;j = 0;for (i=0; i<n; i+)if (ai%2=1)1aj = ai ： 2;j+)return 3;jmain() int bN = 9,1,4, 2, 3, 6, 5, 8, 7, i, n;printf("nThe original data :n");for (i=0; i<N; i+) printf("%4d ", bi);printf('n");n = fun (b, N);printf("nThe number of odd : %d n”, n);printf("nThe odd number :rT);for (i=0; i<n; i+) printf(*%4d ”, bi);printf('n");20 .给定程序的功能是:调用函数FUN将指定源文件中的内容复制到指定的目标文件中，复制 成功时函数返回值为0。在复制的过程中，把复制的内容输出到终端屏幕。主函数中源文件 名防在变量sfname中，目标文件名放在变量tfname中。#include<stdio. h>#include<stdlib. h>int fun(char *source, char *target) FILE *fs, *ft; char ch;if(fs=fopen(source, 1)=NULL)"r"return 0;if (ft=fopen (target, "w") =NULL)return 0;printf(*nThe data in file :n");ch=fgetc(fs);while (!feof(2)fs putchar( ch );fputc (ch,3);ftch=fgetc(fs);)fclose (fs); fclose(ft);printf("nn");return 1;main() char sfname20="myfilel”, tfname20="myfile2"FILE *myf; int i; char c;myf=fopen(sfname, "w");printf(*nThe original data :rT);for (i=l; i<30; i+) c='A'+rand( )%25;fprintf (myf, "%c”, c); printf c); fclose(myf);printf("nn");if (fun(sfname, tfname) printf("Succeed!");else printf("Fail!");21 .函数FUN的功能是:计算直到 上10”.若 x=2. 5,函数值为：12.182494. n#include<stdio. h>#include<math. h>double fun(double x) double f, t; int n;f = 1. 0+1;xt = X； n = 1;do n+;t *= x/2;nf += 1;t while (fabs(t) >= le-6); return f;main() double x, y;x=2. 5;y = fun (x);printf("nThe result is :n");printf ("x=%-12. 6f y=%-12. 6f n”, x, y);22.给定程序中，函数FUN的功能是:统计形参S所指字符串中数字字符出现的次数,并存放 在形参t所指的变量中最后在函数中输出。例如，形参所指的字符串 为：abcdef35adgh3kjsdf7.输出结果为：4#include <stdio. h>void fun(char *s, int *t) int i, n;n=0;for(i=0; _1_ !=NULL; i+)si