新视野大学英语(第三版)1课后翻译.docx

新视野大学英语1课后翻译Unitl孔子是中国历史上著名的思想家、教育家,是儒家学派(Confucianism)的 创始人,被尊称为古代的"圣人"(sage)。他的言论和生平活动记录在论语 (The Analects) 一书中。论语是中国古代文化的经典著作,对后来历代 的思想家、文学家、政治家产生了很大影响。不研究论语,就不能真正 把握中国几千年的传统文化。孔子的很多思想，尤其是其教育思想，对中国 社会产生了深远的影响。在21世纪的今天,孔子的学说不仅受到中国人的重 视，而且也越来越受到整个国际社会的重视。Confucius was a great thinker and educator in Chinese history. He was the founder of Confucianism and was respectfully referred to as an ancient “sage , His words and life story were recorded in The Analects. An enduring classic of ancient Chinese culture, The Analects has had a great influence on the thinkers, writers, and statesmen that came after Confucius. Without studying this book, one could hardly truly understand the thousands-of-years' traditional Chinese culture. Much of Confucius， thought, especially his thought on education, has had a profound influence on Chinese society. In the 21st century, Confucian thought not only retains the attention of the Chinese, but it also wins an increasing attention from the international community.Unit 2每年农历(Chinese lunar calendar)八月十五是我国的传统节日 中 秋节(theMid-Autumn Festival) 这时是一年秋季的中期,所以被称为中秋。 中秋节的项重要活动是赏月。夜晚,人们赏明月、吃月饼,共庆中秋佳节。 中秋节也是家庭团圆的时刻,远在他乡的游子,会借此寄托自己对故乡和亲人 的思念之情。中秋节的习俗很多,都寄托着人们对美好生活的热爱和向往。自 2008年起,中秋节成为中国的法定节假日。According to the Chinese lunar calendar, August 15 of every year is a traditional Chinese festival - the Mid-Autumn Festival. This day is the middle of autumn, so it' s called Mid-Autumn. One of the important Mid-Autumn Festival activities is to enjoy the moon. On that night, people gather together to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival, looking up at the bright moon and eating moon cakes. The festival is also a time for family reunion. People living far away from home will express their feelings of missing their hometowns and families at this festival. There are many customs to celebrate the festival, all expressing people，s love and hope for a happy life. Since 2008, the Mid-Autumn Festival has become an official national holiday in China.Unit 3中国航天业开创于1956年。几十年来,中国航天事业创造了一个又一个 奇迹。1970年,中国成功发射了第一颗人造地球卫星,成为世界上第五个独 立自主研制和发射人造地球卫星的国家。1992年，中国开始实施载人航天飞 行工程(manned spaceflight program)。2003年,中国成功发射了"神舟五 号”载人飞船，使中国成为第三个发射载人飞船的国家。2007年发射了嫦娥 号”，即第一颗绕月球飞行(lunar-orbiting)的人造卫星。2013年，第五 艘载人飞船神舟十号"发射成功,为中国空间站的建设打下了基础。China, s space industry was launched in 1956. Over the past decades, China* s space industry has created one miracle after another. In 1970 China launched its first man-made earth satellite, ranking China the fifth country in the world to independently develop and launch man-made earth satellites. In 1992 China began to carry out the manned spaceflight program. In 2003 China launched Shenzhou-5, a manned spaceship. The successful launch made China the third country to launch manned spaceships. In 2007 Chang'e-1, the first lunar-orbiting man-made satellite, was sent to space. In 2013 Shenzhou-10, the fifth manned spaceship, was launched successfully, laying the foundation for building the Chinese Space Station.Unit 4郑和是中国历史上最著名的航海家(maritime explorer) 公元!405年, 明朝的统治者为了稳固边防(border defense)和开展海上贸易,派郑和下西 洋(the Western Seas) 在此后的28年里,郑和带领船队七下西洋,前 出海的人员有10多万人,访问了 30多个国家和地区。船队纵横南亚、 亚,一直到非洲大陆。郑和下西洋是世界航海(navigation)史上的壮举, 展现了郑和卓越的航海和组织才能,同时展现了明朝的国力和国威(national strength and prestige),加强了明朝和海外各国之间的关系。Zheng He was the most famous maritime explorer in Chinese history. In 1405 AD, the ruler of the Ming Dynasty sent Zheng He on a voyage to the Western Seas in order to strengthen border defense and develop trade by sea. In the following 28years, Zheng He led his fleet, made seven voyages to the Western Seas with overlOO, 000 crew members in total, and visited more than 30 countries and regions. The fleet traveled far into South Asia and West Asia, and made all the way to the continent of Africa. Zheng He's voyages to the Western Seas were a great feat in the world's navigation history. It showed Zheng He's outstanding navigation and organization talents; meanwhile, it exhibited the national strength and prestige of the Ming Dynasty, and strengthened the relationships between the Ming Dynasty and the overseas countries.Unit 5太极拳(Tai Chi)是种武术(martial arts)项目,也是一种健身运 动,在中国有着悠久的历史。太极拳动作缓慢而柔和,适合任何年龄、性别、 体型的人练习。太极拳既可防身,又能强身健体,因而深受中国人的喜爱。太 极拳在发展的过程中,借鉴并吸收了中国传统哲学、医术、武术的合理内容 (element),成为特色鲜明的项运动。作为中国特有的一种运动形式,太 极拳也越来越受到众多外国朋友的喜爱。Tai Chi is a kind of martial arts, and a fitness exercise as well. It has a long history in China. With slow and gentle movements, Tai Chi is suitable for people of any age, sex, or body type to practice. It can be used to provide self-defense as well as build the body. Therefore, it has become very popular among Chinese people. During its development, fFai Chi borrowed and absorbed desirable elements from traditional Chinese philosophy, medicine, and martial arts, and it has developed into a sport with unique features. As a unique sport in China, Tai Chi is also gaining increasing popularity among many foreign friends.Unit 6改革开放以来,中国的教育事业得到了快速发展,取得了引人瞩目的成就。 中国政府把教育摆在优先发展的地位,坚持科教兴国(revitalize the country),全面提倡素质教育(quality-oriented education)。同时,积极 推进教育公平,保障人人有受教育的机会。中国的教育成就反映在两个不同的 层面:一个是全面普及了九年义务教育(nine-year compulsory education), 另个是实现了高等教育大众化(mass high education) 教育的发展为中国 的经济发展和社会进步作出了重大贡献。近年来,为适应社会、经济发展的需 要,中国政府不断加快培养各领域的急需人才。Since its economic reform and opening-up to the world, China，s education has gone through rapid development and made remarkable achievements. The Chinese government gives top priority to the development of education, persists in revitalizing the country by science and education, and fully advocates quality-oriented education. Meanwhile, it actively promotes equality in education to guarantee everyone access to education. China* s achievements in education can be reflected in two different layers:One is the popularization of the nine-year compulsory education; the other is the realization of mass higher education. The development of education has made significant contributions to China* s economic development and social progress. In recent years, to satisfy the needs of social and economic development, the Chinese government has sped up the training of qualified personnel urgently needed in various fields.Unit 7世界自然基金会(WWF)是个致于有关保护、研究和修复环境议题的 国际性非政府组织。该组织最初于1961年被命名为世界野生动物基金会。 1986年,它更名为世界自然基金会,以更好地反映其活动范围。它是世界上 最大的、独立的自然保护组织，拥有世界各地超过500万的支持者，在100多 个国家开展工作,并援助约1,300个与自然和环境保护有关的项目。它的任 务是阻止破坏地球的生态环境，建立一个能使人类与自然和谐相处的未来。目 前,其大部分工作都集中在对海洋和海岸、森林、淡水的保护。在其他问题 上,它也关注濒危物种,污染和气候变化。现在他们最需要的是资金,以履 行其使命和处理与自然保护有关的突发事件。The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) is an international non-governmental organization working on issues regarding the conservation, research and restoration of the environment. The organization was originally named the World Wildlife Fund inl961. In 1986, it changed its name to World Wide Fund for Nature to better reflect the scope of its activities. With over five million supporters worldwide, it is the world, s largest independent conservation organization, working in more than 100 countries and supporting about 1, 300 conservation and environmental projects. Its mission is to stop destroying the planet, s natural environment and to build a future in which humans live in harmony with nature. Currently, much of its work focuses on the conservation of oceans and coasts, forests, and freshwater. Among other issues, it is also concerned with endangered species, pollution and climate change. They now need, above all, money to carry out its missions and handle conservation emergencies.Unit 8新中国成立以来,特别是改革开放以来,中国政府 在生 态环 境(eco-environmental)保护方面做出了大量努力,取得了有效 进展。政府采取了一系列保护和改善生态环境的重大举措,譬如积极推进重点 生态工程,加强生态系统建设(ecosystem)及生物多样性保护(biodiversity conservation),建立了一批自然保护区(nature reservation) 生态示范区 (ecological demonstration zones) 风景名胜区和森林公园。加强生态环境 的保护和建设,实现人与自然和谐相处,是构建社会主义和谐社会(harmonious society)的重要目标之。环境保护和生态文明建设为中国经济、社会的可持 续发展提供了坚实的基础。Since the founding of New China, especially since the economic reform and door-opening to the world, the Chinese government has made considerable efforts in eco-environmental protection and achieved effective progress. The government has taken a series of important measures to protect and improve the ecological environment, such as actively promoting key ecological projects, enhancing ecosystem construction and biodiversity conservation, establishing a number of nature reservations, ecological demonstration zones, scenic spots and forest parks. One of the important goals of buiIding a socialist harmonious society is to strengthen ecological protection and construction and to achieve harmony between man and nature. Environmental protection and ecological civilization construction have provided a solid foundation for the sustainable development of China* s economy and society.