2015小升初英语备战辅导-----语法复习要点加讲解和练习.docx

2015小升初英语备战辅导语法复习要点加讲解和练习、名词复数规则1 . 一般情况下,直接加一s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2 .以 s. x. sh. ch 结尾,-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3 .以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加一es,如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4 .以"f或fe"结尾,变f或fe为v,再加一es,如:knife-knives5 .不规则名词复数:man-men, woman-women, po1iceman-po1icemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-micechild-children foot-feet, tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese写出下列各词的复数I him this her watch childphotodiarydayfootbookdresstoothsheepboxstrawberrythiefyo-yopeachsandwichmanwomanpaperjuicewatermilkricetea二、一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍 No. 1I 一般现在时的功能1 .表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue,天空是蓝色的。2 .表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day,我每天六点起床。3 .表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1 . be动词:主语+be(am, is, are) +其它。如:I am a boy.我是个男孩。2 .行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如:Mary likes Chinese. 玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化1 . be动词的变化。否定句:主语+ be + not +其它。如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句:Be +主语+其它。如:-Are you a student?-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.特殊疑问句:疑问词+般疑问句。如:Where is my bike?2 .行为动词的变化。否定句:主语 + don't( doesn't ) + 动词原形(+其它)。如:I don't like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句。如:He doesn't often play.一般疑问句:Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如:-Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。如： -Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 特殊疑问句:疑问词+般疑问句。如:How does your father go to work?三、动词+s的变化规则1 . 一般情况下,直接加一s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks2 .以 s. x. sh. ch. 结尾,H-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3 .以"辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:study-studies一般现在时用法专练:、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink go stay make look havepass carry come watch plant fly study brush doteach二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often (have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy (be) in Class One.3. We (not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick (not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. they (like) the World Cup?6. What they often (do) on Saturdays?7. your parents (read) newspapers every day?8. The girl (teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I (take) a walk together every evening.10. There (be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike (like) cooking.12. They(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt (look) after her baby carefully.14. You always (do) your homework wel1.15. I(be) ill. 1 m staying in bed.16. She (go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao (do) not like PE.18. The child often(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang (have) eight lessons this term.20. What day (be) it today?-It' s Saturday.三、按照要求改写句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)3. She likes milk.(改为般疑问句,作肯定回答)4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)9. She is always a good student.（改为一般疑问句,作否定回答）10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.（改为否定句）五、改错（划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上）1. Is your brother speak English? 2. Does he likes going fishing? 3. He likes play games after class,4. Mr. Wu teachs us English.5. She don' t do her homework on Sundays. 四、现在进行时1 .现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现 阶段正在进行的动作。2 .现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3 .现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4 .现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5 .现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:疑问词不达意+ be +主语+动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为:疑问词不达意+ be +动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则1. 一般情况,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking2 .以不发音的 e 结尾,去 e 加 ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting3 .如果末尾是个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如: run-running, stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习:、写出下列动词的现在分词:play run swim make golike write ski read havesing dance put see buy love live take comeget stop sit begin shop二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:1. The boy ( draw) a picture now.2. Listen . Some girls ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother ( cook ) some nice food now.4. What you ( do ) now?5. Look , They ( have) an English lesson .6. They (not , water) the flowers now.7. Look! the girls (dance ) in the classroom .8. What is our granddaughter doing? She (listen ) to music.9. It' s5 o' clock now. We (have) supper now10. Helen(wash )clothes? Yes , she is .三、句型转换:1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)2. The students are cleaning the classroom .(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)3. I, m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)4. Tom is reading books in his study .（对划线部分进行提问）五、将来时理论及练习、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有 以下时间状语:tomorrow, next day （week, month, year*）, soon, the day after tomorrow （后天）等。二、基本结构:be going to + do；will+ do.三、否定句:在be动词（am, is, are） 1后加not或情态动词will后加not成won' to例如:I' m going to have a picnic this afternoon. I'm not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑问句:be或will提到句首,some改为any, and改为or,第一二人称互 换。例如:We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1 .问人。Who 例如：I' m going to New York soon. Who' s going to New York soon.2 . 问干t么。What do.例如: My father is going to watch a race with me thisafternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3 .问什么时候。When.例如:She' s going to go to bed at nine. ->When is she going to bed?六、同义句:be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow （明天）. =I will go swimming tomorrow.填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。Ihave a picnic with my friends.I have a picnic with my friends.2. 下个星期你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。What next Monday?I play basketball.What you do next Monday? I play basketball.3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买些水果。 your mother go shopping this ?Yes, she . Shebuy some fruit.4. 你们打算什么时候见面。What time you meet?改句子中5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）Nancy going to go camping.6. I' 11 go and join them.（改否定）I go join them.7. I'm going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:3,（改一般疑问句） meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问） she after school?10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同going to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所给词的适当形式填空。11. Today is a sunny day. We (have) a picnic this afternoon.12.My brother(go) to Shanghai next week.13.Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He (go) toschool by bike.14.What do you usually do at weekends? I usually (watch) TV and(catch) insects?15.It' s Friday today. Whatshe(do) this weekend? She_ (watch)TV and (catch) insects.16.What(dO) you do last Sunday? I(pick) apples ona farm.What _ (do) next Sunday? I (mi Ik) cows.17.Mary (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.18.Liu Tao _ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.19.David _ (give) a puppet show next Monday.20.I (plan) for my study now.六、一般过去时1. 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。 一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。2. Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:am和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasn' t)(2)are在一般过去时中变为werewere not=weren' t)带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are样,即否定句在was或 were后加not, 般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3. 句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句:didn' t + 动词原形,如:Jim didn' t go home yesterday.-般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如:Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑问句:疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?如:What did Jim do yesterday?疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式?如:Who went to home yesterday?动词过去式变化规则:1 . 一般在动词末尾加一ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked2 .结尾是 e 加 d,如:taste-tasted3 .末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加一ed, 如:stop-stopped4 .以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加一ed,如:study-studied过去时练习写出列动词的过去式isam fly plant are drink playgo make does dance worry asktasteeutdraw put throwkick pass do Be动词的过去时练习（1）、用be动词的适当形式填空1. I at school just now.2. Heat the camp last week.3.Westudents two years ago.4.They _ on the farm a moment ago.5.Yang Ling_eleven years old last year.6.Therean apple on the plate yesterday.7.Theresome milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone on the sofa yesterday evening.二、句型转换1. It was exciting.否定句:一般疑问句:肯、否定回答:2. All the students were very excited.召定句:一般疑问句：.肯、否定回答：_3. They were in his pocket.否定句：一般疑问句:肯、否定回答:Be动词的过去时练习（2）、用be动词的适当形式填空1. I an English teacher now.2. She happy yesterday.3. They glad to see each other last month.4. Helen and Nancy good friends.5. The little dog two years old this year.6. Look, there lots of grapes here.7. There a sign on the chair on Monday.8. Today the second of June. Yesterdaythe first of June. ItChildren* s Day. All the students very excited.二、句型转换1. There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句:一般疑问句:肯定回答:否定回答:三、中译英1 .我的故事书刚还在手表旁边。2 .他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。3 . 一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。行为动词的过去时练习(1)、用行为动词的适当形式填空1. He (live) in Wuxi two years ago.2. The cat (eat) a bird last night.3. We(have) a party last Halloween.4. Nancy (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.5. I (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.6. They(play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.7. My mother (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.8. The girls (sing) and (dance) at the party. 二、句型转换1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.否定句:一般疑问句:肯、否定回答:2. Nancy went to school early.否定句:一般疑问句:一肯、否定回答：3. We sang some English songs.否定句:一般疑问句：肯、否定回答:行为动词的过去时练习(2)、用be动词的适当形式填空1. I (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father(read) a newspaper last night.3. We to zoo yesterday, we to the park, (go)4. you (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. he(fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he .6. Gao Shan (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother .8. What she(find) in the garden last morning? She(find)a beautiful butterfly.二、句型转换1. They played football in the playground.否定句:一般疑问句:肯、否定回答:三、中译英1 .格林先生去年住在中国。2 .昨天我们参观了农场。3 .他刚在找他的手机。过去时综合练习(1)、用动词的适当形式填空1. It (be) Ben' s birthday last Friday.2. We all (have) a good time last night.3. He (jump) high on last Sports Day.4. Helen(milk) a cow on Friday.5. She likes newspapers, but she a book yesterday, (read)6. He football now, but they basketball just now. (play)7. Jim' s mother(plant) trees just now.8. they (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they .9. I (watch) a cartoon on Monday.10. We(go) to school on Sunday.二、中译英1 .我们上周五看了一部电影。2 .他上个中秋节走亲访友了吗?是的。3 .你们上个儿童节做了什么?我们参观了动物园4 .你上周在哪儿?在野营基地。过去时综合练习(2)、用动词的适当形式填空1. It (be) the 2nd of November yesterday.Mr White (go) to his office by car.2. Gao Shan (put) the book on his head a moment ago.3. Don' t the house. Mum it yesterday, (clean)4. What you just now? I some housework, (do)5. They (make) a kite a week ago.6. I want to apples. But my dad all of them last month, (pick)7. he the flowers this morning? Yes, he . (water)8. She (be) a pretty girl. Look, she (do) Chinese dances.9. The students often (draw) some pictures in the art room.10. What Mike do on the farm? He cows, (milk)二、中译英1 .他的朋友在照看他的弟弟。2,去年端午节我们没去看了龙舟比赛。3,他在音乐课上拉小提琴了吗?不,没有。七、形容词和副词的比较级复习及练习、形容词的比较级1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用:两个事物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面般带有单 词than。比较级前面可以用more, a little来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格(口语中可用宾格)。2 .形容词加er的规则:一般在词尾加er ；以字母e结尾,加r ：以个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er ；以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i,再加er。3 .不规则形容词比较级:good-better, beautiful-more beautiful二、副词的比较级1 .形容词与副词的区别(有be用形，有形用be;有动用副，有副用动)在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后2 .副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同(不规则变化:well-better, far-farther)三、练习、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级old young tall long short str ong big small fat thin heavy light_nice good beautiful low highslow fast late early far well二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式:1. My brother is two years (old) than me.2. Tom is as (fat) as Jim.3. Is your sister (young) than you? Yes, she is.4. Who is (thin), you or Helen? Helen is.5. Whose pencil-box is (big), yours or hers? Hers is.6. Mary' s hair is as (long) as Lucy' s.7. Ben (jump) (high) than some of the boys in his class.8. Nancy sing (well) than Helen? Yes, she .9. Fangfang is not as (tall) as the other girls.10. My eyes are (big) than (she).11. Which is (heavy), the elephant or the pig?12. Who gets up (early), Tim or Tom?13. the girls get up(early) than the boys?No, they.14. Jim runs (slow). But Ben runs (slow).15. The child doesn* t(write) as (fast) as the students.三、翻译句子:1、谁比Jim年纪大?是你。is than Jim? are2、谁比David更强壮?是Gao Shan.than David? Gao Shan .3、谁的铅笔更长,他的还是她的?我想是她的。 pencil is ,or? is, I think.4、谁的苹果更重,你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的?我的弟弟的。apples , youror your ?My .5、你和你的叔叔样高吗?是的。as as your uncle?Yes, I am.6、他和他的朋友Jim样年轻。He as as Jim.7、她和她的双胞胎哥哥样胖吗?不,她比他瘦。as as twin ?No,than him.8 . Yang Ling每天睡得比SuYang晚。Yang Ling to than Su Yang every day.9 .我跳得和Mike 一样远。I as as Mike.10 . Tom比你跑得快吗?不是的,他和我跑得一样快。Tomthan you?No, he . He as as .11 .多做运动,你会更强壮。more exercise, you* 11 soon.12 .我的科学很好,但是语文不好。I at Science. But I don' t well in Chinese.13 .你放风筝比王兵放得高吗?不,我比他放得低。_you the kite than Wang bing?No, I it than.14 .我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。I like . All mythan me.15 .我的姐姐起得比我早。My up than me.16 .女孩比男孩唱得好吗?是的。the girls the boys? Yes, they .17 .她不擅长体育。但我跳得没有她高。She doesn' tin PE. But I don' tthan .18 .你足球踢得比你的同班同学好吗?不,他们踢得和我样好。you football than your classmates?No, they as as me.19 .我母亲比我父亲年纪小。My than my .20 .她的毛衣和我的样重。sweater as as.21 .我的连衣裙太短了。我想买一条大点的。My dress too. I want to a one.22 . I* m taller than Mike .（该成用原级的比较）I* m as as Mike .There be句型与have, has的区别1、There be句型表示:在某地有某物（或人）2、在there be句型中,主语是单数,be动词用is ;主语是复数,be动词用are ;如 有几件物品,be动词根据最靠近be动词的那个名词决定。3> there be句型的否定句在be动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。4、there be句型与have （has）的区别:there be表示在某地有某物（或人）；have （has） 表示某人拥有某物。5、some和any在there be句型中的运用:some用于肯定句,any用于否定句或疑问句。6、and和or在there be句型中的运用:and用于肯定句,or用于否定句或疑问句。7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：How many +名词复数+ are there +介词短语?How much +不可数名词+ is there +介词短语?8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是:Whas +介词短语?Fill in the blank with "have, has" or "there is , there are"1. I a good father and a good mother.2. a telescope on the desk.4. a basketball in the playground.5. She some dresses.6. They a nice garden.7. What do you?8. a reading-room in the building?9. What does Mike?10. any books in the bookcase?11. My father a story-book.12. a story-book on the table.13. any flowers in the vase?14. How many students in the classroom?15. My parents some nice pictures.16. some maps on the wall.17. a map of the world on the wall.18. Davida telescope.19. David' s friends some tents.20. many children on the hill.用恰当的be动词填空