新视野大学英语第一册七单元课文讲解.docx

無讲解Detailed Study of the Text1. Face to Face with Guns (Title) face to face (with):1) close to and looking at someone or somethingWe were in the downtown area when we came face to face with Jack. 遇至杰克时我 们正在市中心。I wanted to explain things face to face我想当面把事情解释清楚。2) no escape from something and having to deal with itI was brought face to face with the fact that I had very little success,我得面 对这样个事实:我几乎没取得什么成功。Sometimes one is brought face to face with facts that cannot be ignored, 何 时人 们得直面一些不可忽视的事实。2. Like most city folks, V m cautious. 1 scan the street and pathways for anything-or anyone一unusual before pulling into the garage. (Para. 1)Meaning: Like most people who live in a city, I act very carefully in order to escape possible danger. Before I drive my car into the garage to park, I look at the street and pathways very carefully to see whether there are unusual things or people. cautious: a. careful to avoid danger or risksYou should be cautious when you cross the street. 过马路时要小心。He is a very cautious man; he always thinks very carefully before he makes a decision. 他是个非常小心谨慎的人,在作出某项决定之前总是先周密思考。 scan: vt. examine something carefully but quicklyShe anxiously scanned the faces of the people leaving the train.她惶恐不安地细 细察看正在离开火车的人们的张张脸。They scanned the room for clues,他们搜寻房间,寻找线索。V. read something quicklyI scanned through the booklet but couldn* t find the address.我把这小册子浏览了 一遍,但找不到地址。Scan the newspaper article and make a note of the main points.把这篇报刊文章浏 览下,并把文章要点记下来。 unusual: a. not expected or usualIt is unusual to see snow in this season in Beijing.在北京这个季节下雪是很少见 的。 pull into: move to one side and stopLet* s pull into this roadside restaurant for something to eat.咱们把车开到这家 路边餐馆弄点东西吃吧。The bus pulled into the opening at the side of the road to let the cars pass. 公 交车开到路边的空地上,让那些小汽车通过。3. That night was no exception. (Para. 1)Meaning: That night was not different. (I did exactly the same thing: I looked at the street and pathways very carefully to see whether there was anything unusual or there were any unusual people around before pulling into the garage.) exception: n. C, U a person or thing that is not includedIt is possible to make rules about English spelling, but there are so many exceptions that the rules are not always helpful.英语拼写是可以列出规律来的,但不合规律的 例外情况太多,致使这些规律也并不总是有用。Most children prefer playing to working, but Jim is an exception. 许多孩子昌欢玩, 而不喜欢干活,但吉姆是个例外。 no exception: something that is definitely includedLanguage has always been the mirror to society. English is no exception, 语百是 社会的一面镜子,英语也不例外。All fresh vegetables, with no exception, contain some vitamin C,所有新鲜蔬菜无 一例外都含有维生素C。4. . a portly, unshaven young man in a stocking cap and dark nylon jacket. (Para. 1)Meaning: . a fat, young man who hadn, t shaven his face and was wearing a stocking cap and a dark nylon jacket. in: have something on, wear somethinga girl in red/in a fur coat穿红衣服/穿毛皮大衣的女孩 a man in uniform穿制服的男人5. . emerged from the shrub by the parking pad and put his pistol between my eyes. (Para. 1)Meaning: . came up from behind a small bush near the parking pad, and he held a small gun close to my face, between my eyes.Note that a “parking pad" is an area covered with concrete (水泥)where people park their cars, or a space where people park, with or without some sort of covering on the ground. However, if you search on the web, you can find that a parking pad may be a one-piece polyvinyl (乙烯聚合物的)protector for your garage or shop space. It is made from a tough PVC nonporous (不渗水的)surface that has been specially formulated to protect against oi 1, antifreeze, salt, and common contaminates found on garage and shop floors. Therefore it is also possible in the text the "parking pad" is such a pad used to park cars on.6. "Give it up, mother-, " he threatened. "Give it up.” (Para. 2)Mother" is a curse word here with the second word omitted because it is too offensive for print. It is used to express great anger or annoyance with someone. It is a very rude and offensive word.7. As I spoke, I set the KFC box on the planter beside the pathway, contriving as I did so to toss my house keys into a bush. (Para. 3)Meaning: While I was speaking, I put the KFC box on the planter beside the pathway, and at the same time I threw my house keys on purpose into a bush. contrive: vi. manage to do something although there are difficultiesHe contrived to make a mess of the whole thing,他费尽心机把事情弄糟了。Somehow she contrived to get tickets for the concert.她想了种种办法弄到了音乐会 的票。 toss: vt. throw something, especially something 1 ight, with a quick movement of one's hand"Catch!" said Sandra, tossing her bag to him. “接住!” 桑德拉说道,把自己的包抛 给了他。She crumpled the letter into a ball and tossed it into the fire.她把信揉成一团, 扔进了火里。8. Everything he said during our encounter was repeated; instinctively, I did the same. (Para. 4)Meaning: During our encounter, he said everything twice, and by instinct, I said everything twice too. instinct: n. C, U a natural tendency of behaving in a particular way instinct for language 语言的本能Animals have a natural instinct for survival,动物具有生存的天性。 instinctively: ad. without thinking; without having been taughtWhen attacked, he instinctively fought back to defend himself.遭到袭击时,他本 能地回击以保护自己。He knew instinctively that she would not forgive him.他本能地知道她不会原谅他。9. “Here,“ I replied, extending my left arm sideways. (Para. 12)Meaning: I told him where the watch was and stretched out my left arm to one side.10. Slight and shorter, he held an enlarged blue steel pistol. (Para. 13) Meaning: He was thin and shorter than the first man, and he held a larger-than-usual blue steel pistol. slight: a.1) thin and lightHe is a slight, quiet man with a grey beard.他个子瘦小、很文静,胡须灰白。She was smaller and slighter than I had imagined.她比我想象的要矮小瘦弱。2) smal1 in degreeTwo other patients reported a slight improvement, and one reported no improvement at all.其他两个病人说稍有好转,有一个病人说没有一点改善。Joe made a slight movement toward the door,乔朝门稍稍移动了一下。 enlarge: vt. make something largerWorkers were hired to enlarge these buildings.工人们被雇来扩建这些建筑。They have already enlarged these photos,他们已经把这些照片放大了。11. His dark eyes shone like polished glass; his arms and legs moved unexpectedly, as if attached to unseen wires. (Para. 13) polish: vt.1) make something smooth and shiny by rubbingHe polishes his new car every weekend,他每个周末擦洗他的新车。After she had polished the furniture, she cleaned the windows.她擦亮了家具后, 又擦了窗户。2) improve a piece of writing, a speech, etc.He spent a lot of time polishing his article before having it printed, 文草 卩 之前他花了许多时间来润色。Edward's essay is good, but he needs to polish it a little bit.爱德华的文章写得 不错,但他仍然需要作些润色。 polished: a.1) shiny because of being rubbedHe wore a freshly pressed suit and polished shoes.他穿着刚熨好的西服和擦亮的皮 鞋。The polished surface of the grand piano reflected my face as I played. 我演奏的, 擦亮的钢琴表面映射出我的脸。2) done with great skillThe film studio was known for producing highly polished documentaries and quality feature films.那个电影制片厂因拍摄高质量的纪录片和故事片而出名。The editor was surprised and pleased to receive polished works from the reporters. 那位编辑收到记者送来的精美的作品感到既惊奇又高兴。 attach. to.: fix something to something elseAttach the handle to the box.把这个把手装到箱子上。We attached a business card to the briefcase.我们在小提箱上贴了一张名片。12. r ve seen enough criminal trials to know victims of armed attacks are seldom able to identify their offenders because their attention focuses on the guns, rather than on their users. (Para. 15)Meaning: I have seen enough criminal trials and I know very few victims of armed attacks are able to remember what their attackers look like, because the victims watch the guns instead of watching the users of the guns. identify: vt. recognize and correctly name someone or somethingThe police took fingerprints and identified the body,警察提取了指纹,并且辨认了 尸体。A baby can identify its mother by her voice.婴儿能通过声音辨认自己的母亲。 offend: vi. break a lawWhat he had done offended against the rules of proper behavior,他的所作所为违背 了举止得体的准则。Obviously, if a police officer offends, it's a fairly serious matter. 显然,如果 是警察犯罪,就是一件相当严重的事了。vt. make someone feel upset or angryWhen you visit another country and do not understand the customs, it is easy to offend people.如果你访问个国家却不了解该国的风俗习惯,就很容易冒犯他人。They were offended when she did not come to their wedding.她没有参加他们的婚礼, 他们对此很不高兴。 offender: n. C a person who does things against the lawThe committee will investigate more effective ways of dealing with young offenders. 委员会将研究对付年轻罪犯更有成效的办法。First-time offenders will get a written warning.初犯将会受到书面警告。13. I lied as the big one ripped the watch from my wrist. (Para. 16)Meaning: I told a lie when the bigger of the two men was taking the watch from my wrist quickly and rudely. rip: vt. remove something quickly and violently, using one's hands He ripped the phone from her hand他从她手中夺过电话。14. By then, I was flat on my face on the pathway, its dirt against my forehead. (Para. 18)Meaning: By that time, I was lying on the pathway with my face touching it and the dust and soil against my forehead. (be) flat on one's face: (lie) on one's chest on the groundI slipped and was flat on my face.我跌了一跤,脸朝下倒在地上。She saw a man fall flat on his face, which left him unconscious. 她看至个男子 面朝下直挺挺地跌了一跤,这跤使他失去了知觉。15. Lord, have mercy on me, a sinner. (Para. 19)Meaning: God, have pity on me and help me even though I am not perfect.16. And, suddenly-wallet, watch and chicken in hand-their footsteps faded down the darkened street. (Para. 24)Meaning: And all of a sudden, they left with my wallet, watch, and chicken. And the sound of their feet as they left became quieter and quieter. fade: vi. gradually disappearThe voices faded away,声音渐渐地消失了。As the car drove away, his smile faded.当车开走时,他的笑容渐渐地消失了。17. I turned to see their shadows get into a car and speed away. (Para. 25) Meaning: I turned and saw their dark shapes get into a car and drive away very quickly. speed away: move away very quicklyAround the corner of the building, he saw a figure on a bike speeding away 在大 楼的拐角处他看到个骑自行车的身影飞快地离去。I watched him speed away in his jeep.我看着他驾着吉普车迅速离去。18. I had been spared, but by what? Mercy? A short attention span? Hunger? (Para. 26)Meaning: They let me live, but what saved my life? Was it mercy? Was it because their attention span was too short? Or was it their hunger that saved my life?If a person is spared”, he is not harmed, although someone or something threatened him or harmed other people. For example:We have lost everything, but our 1 ives have been spared.我们已失去了一切,可是 我们保住了性命。Spare can also be used in the sense of "afford to give".I forgot to bring any money for lunch. Can you spare three dollars?我忘 J 带午版 钱了,你能给我三美元吗?Nowadays more people have more time to spare for cultural activities, and they can also spare more money for enjoyment.现在越来越多的人有更多时间从事文化活动,他 们也有更多的钱用于消遣。 span: n. C (usually singular) the amount of time that something lastsOver a span of 5 years, a lot of high-rises have been built in Shanghai. 在五年 中,上海建起了许多高楼。With the improvement of living conditions, people* s life span has been considerably extended.随着生活条件的改善,人的寿命已经大大延长了。19. I saw eternity; they saw food. (Para. 27)Meaning: I saw the state of existence after death, and they saw food.20. I got to my feet, found the keys, entered and called 911. (Para. 28) Meaning: I stood up, found the keys, entered the house and made an emergency phone call. get to one's feet: stand upHe got to his feet when she walked in.当她进来时他站了起来。The audience got to their feet when the performance ended.表演结束时,观众站了 起来。21. The operator took a description of the robbers and sent a police car. (Para. 28)Meaning: The operator wrote down my account of what the robbers looked like and sent a police car.22. "But, " one officer said on leaving, "taking your chicken, that's rough. " (Para.29)Meaning: When the officers were leaving, one officer said that it was too much for the robbers to take my chicken.This was possibly said with a note of humor.23. Later, an officer telephoned for additional details. (Para. 30) Meaning: Later, an officer called for extra information. additional: a. extraAdditional information can be obtained by writing your questions. 欲获知其他信息, 请将问题寄至我处即可。Room service and beach towels are provided without additional charge. 房间月艮务和 沙滩毛巾不另外收费。24. He asked me to come to the station and look through mug shots. (Para. 30) Meaning: He asked me to come to the police station and look through photographs of criminals to pick out who had robbed me.A "mug shot" is a photograph of someone* s face, especially of a criminaT s, which has been taken by the police for their records. look through: search for something among many othersI* 11 look through my notes but I don't think I have a record of his name. 我会査 一下我的笔记,可我觉得我没有记下他的名字。Look through your examination paper for any small mistakes before you hand it in. 交卷前,好好检查一下你的试卷,看看有没有小错误。25. Turning those pages and studying their photographs is like flowing on a sad current that, like Blake's Thames, seems to "mark in every face, marks of weakness, marks of woe. " (Para. 32)Meaning: Looking at those pages one by one and studying the photographs is something similar to moving on a sad current. The current, like the river Thames as written about by English poet William Blake, seems to leave marks of weakness and marks of great sadness in every human's face. current: n. C a continuous flowing movement of water, air, etc.Be careful, as this wire carries electrical current. 小心,这电线有电。Strong water currents can be dangerous to swimmers.急流对游泳者来说是危险的。 a. happening or existing nowBecause of developments in international communication, current news is at hand almost everywhere.由于国际通讯的发展,到处都可以收到时事新闻。Current directions in military science place great importance on defense networks. 现代军事科学的趋势是注重防御系统。26. Together, these young men are a kind of river-one that is out of control, eating at the foundations of things we hold dear. (Para. 33)Meaning: These young men are a kind of river, a river that is out of control, and that is gradually damaging the ideas that we truly value. out of control: no longer in controlThe fire is burning out of control火势已失去控制。I'm dealing with customers all the time who have let their bills get out of control. 我一直在同那些债务已经失控的顾客打交道。 eat (away) at: gradually reduce the amount of something or destroy something The river is eating away at the bank.这条河流正慢慢侵蚀着河堤。The irony is that population growth itself eats away at the development potential. 具有讽刺意味的是人口增长本身慢慢削弱了发展的潜。 hold dear: value a great deal; care greatlyThese are the ideas we hold dear.这些正是我们所珍视的信念。He had destroyed everything we held dear他己经把我们所珍视的一切都摧毁了。27. Some day, we will have to face t