(课标版)云南省2018年中考英语总复习第二部分语法专题突破专题一名词试题.doc

第二部分 语法专题突破专题一 名词.词形转换1. （2017兰州）Many _ have set good examples for us to follow.( hero)2.（2017扬州）The _ faces were a sight, covered with dust . ( boy)3.（2017白银）We all need a _ environment. ( health)4. Dont move these two _ . They are dangerous. (box)5. There are many _differences between the East and the West. （culture）6. Jill took a lot of _ in the beautiful West Lake last weekend. She has sent some of them to me.（photo）7. My grandpa gave me a beautiful _box as my birthday gift.(wood)8. When I was a kid, my father often told me some _ at night.(story)9. Thank you for providing us with the _ information.（value）10. I can play some _instruments such as the piano and the violin.（music）.短语翻译1. Tom spent the whole summer in making the _ .(飞机模型)2. Jack lives in a _ near the sea, and he works as a fisherman.（小村庄）3. It is very important for a television drama to tell a _. (精彩的故事)4. Talk quietly in the _ in order not to disturb others. (阅览室）5. Every morning I open the window widely and breathe in deeply. The _makes me feel awake.（新鲜的空气）6. I really look up to Michael Jordan. He a great _. （篮球运动员）7. To improve my_ , my Chinese teacher encourages me to keep a diary every day.（写作技巧）8. _ is bad for our health. We should try to avoid it and eat more vegetables.（快餐）9. Thanks to my_ , Ive learned a lot in the past three years.（学校生活）10. Linda met her old friend Ella on the street. She wrote down her _ to Ella.(电话号码)11. My mother bought me an _ as my birthday present, and I like it very much.（电子词典）12. If you want to keep healthy, you had better have a good _ and do some exercise. (饮食习惯)13. Dont talk during the movie when you are in the _.This is common sense. (电影院)14. Everyone should try our best to protect our_.(传统文化）15. This is the most that I have ever seen! I like it very much.(漂亮的照片).单项填空1. （2017青岛)Fruit is good for health, so I often have breakfast with one_ .A. candy B. cake C. banana D. hamburger2. （2017泰安）It is five years since we began to enjoy a _ spring holiday each year.A. ten day B. ten day C. ten days D. ten days3. （2017江西)Do you have any _ for tonight yet?Not yet. What about having a picnic on the beach?A. problems B. news C. plans D. rules4. （2017武汉)I wonder if youve made a decision on the project, Eric.Not yet. I cant make it until I have firsthand on_ prices.A. news B. knowledge C. information D. education5. (2017丹东)I am hungry. But there is little _ left. I have to go and buy some.A. sandwiches B. potatoes C. water D. bread6. (2017抚顺)My grandfather used to be a_ . He enjoyed the feeling of flying.A. pioneer B. pilot C. president D. postman7. （2017黄冈)Whats your prediction about the _of our school basketball match next week?I am sure Class 8 will be the winner. A. teammate B. result C. information D. player8. （2017白银）“It depends on my _ decision.” the mother said and looked at her two sons.A. children B. childrens C. child D. childs9. （2017徐州)We have no food at home. Shall we go to the_ ?A. library B. supermarket C. hospital D. theatre10. （2017西宁)Have you heard of a cool washing machine called Bicycle Washing Machine?Yes, its a new _by a group of Chinese university students.A. invention B. Information C. instruction D. introduction11. （2017宜昌）The government is trying to develop winter sports for the 2022 Winter Olympics. No wonder people are showing more _ in them. A. warmth B. interest C. victory D. standard12. (2017大连)He didnt use to be active in school, but now he gets lots of _ .A. choices B. money C. attention D. problems13. （2017咸宁改编 ) Zheng He was a Ming dynastys_ . He succeeded in sailing to the east coast of Africa.A. tourist B. teacher C. inventor D. explorer14. （2017郴州改编)Whos the woman under the tree?Shes _ aunt.A. Kelly and Joes B. Kellys and JoeC. Kellys and Joes D. Kelly and Joe15. （2017昆明盘龙区二模）Could you tell me something about the girl who helped you just now?Sorry, I know nothing about her. We are_.A. friends B. classmatesC. neighbors D. strangers16. (2017大理下关四中模拟)Its useful for the deaf people to learn sign language. Its a major way of for them.A. introduction B. vacationC. production D. communication17. Uncle Wang is an excellent engineer. He is a friend of _.A. my father B. my fathersC. my fathers D. my fathers18. John has a good_ .He can remember things quickly.A. memory B. instructionC. member D. question19. In the north of China, it is a (an)_ to have dumplings in the Spring Festival. A. custom B. effort C. manner D. purpose20. Mrs. Wang taught English in a poor area last year. She would never forget the pleasant_ there.A. experiments B. expressionsC. experiences D. exercises21. Tom is in good health, because he often exercises and eats a lot of_ .A. chips B. vegetablesC. meat D. noodles22. I want to buy a book. Can you tell me where the nearest _ is?A. bookshop B. theaterC. museum D. college23. Could you please pass me the_ ? I want to cut up some fruit for our guests.A. fork B. bowlC. knife D. chopsticks24. We only have one . So its really our responsibility to protect the environment.A. moon B. earth C. star D. sun25. China is a developing_ . It becomes more and more important in the world stage.A. village B. city C. province D. country26. Its our _ to keep the city clean. That would benefit all of us.A. duty B. reason C. ability D. promise27. Amy takes exercise every day. Thats why she is slim, healthy and always full of _.A. silence B. memoryC. pressure D. energy28. Look at the different _ of biscuits! They look like sheep, dogs and so on.A. sizes B. shapes C. colors D. styles29. Our teacher wants a copy of this paper. May I use your_？A. printer B. radio C. player D. watch30. There will be many difficulties on the way to realize our dreams. But we would face them with _.A. fame B. courage C. fear D. difference31. Daisy is a girl full of _. She always has some different thoughts.A. creativity B. happinessC. training D. freedom32. Jack has the _to design the building well. You just need to wait patiently. A. action B. sadness C. wealth D. ability33. Kate is arriving in Beijing. We are all at the _ to pick her up.A. station B. library C. restaurant D. hotel34. There is a _ on the board. It says that the meeting has been put off.A. notice B. rule C. diet D. thought35. She used a different _to do the math problem after she thought it over.A. brush B. decision C. method D. result36. Can you imagine what life will be like in _time?A. 100 years B. 100 yearsC. 100years D. 100years答案I. 1. heroes【解析】句意为：很多都为我们树立了以供效仿的良好的榜样。many许多，后跟名词复数形式。hero的复数形式为heroes。故填heroes。2. boys【解析】句意为：这些脸就是一道布满尘土的风景。根据空格后面的名词faces,可知此处填名词所有格。又因为faces是复数形式，因此boy也应该用复数。故填boys。3. healthy【解析】句意为：我们都需要一个环境。由空格后的名词environment可知此处应用health的形容词修饰。故填healthy。4. boxes【解析】句意为：不要移动这两个。它们是危险的。根据two可知应用可数名词复数形式，故填boxes。5. cultural【解析】句意为：东西方之间有很多差异。分析句子结构可知，此处需要填一个形容词来修饰名词differences，故填culture的形容词形式cultural。6. photos【解析】句意：上周末吉尔在美丽的西湖拍了很多。她已经发了一些给我。根据空前的a lot of可知此处应用其复数形式。故填photos。7. wooden【解析】句意为：我爷爷送给我一个漂亮的盒子作为我的生日礼物。分析句子结构可知此处应填形容词形式来修饰名词，故填wooden。8. stories【解析】句意为：当我还是一个孩子的时候，我的爸爸经常会在晚上给我讲一些。根据some可知应用可数名词复数形式，故填stories。9. valuable【解析】句意为：谢谢你为我们提供这些信息。此处需要一个形容词修饰名词作定语，故填valuable。10. musical【解析】句意为：我能够演奏一些，比如钢琴和小提琴。musical instruments乐器，为固定搭配，故填musical。. 1. model plane2. small village3. wonderful story4. reading room5. fresh air6. basketball player7. writing skills【解析】句意为：为了提升我的写作技能，我的语文老师鼓励我每天写一篇日记。 分析句意此处名词为复数，故填writing skills。8. Fast food 9. school life10. telephone/phone number11. electronic dictionary12. eating habit13. movie theater14. traditional culture15. beautiful picture/photo. 1. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：水果对健康有好处，所以我经常在早餐时吃一个。candy糖果；cake蛋糕；banana香蕉；hamburger汉堡。根据前面的fruit可知应选C。2. A【解析】考查名词作定语。句意为：自从我们开始享受的春假以来已经五年了。根据选项中的day可知，空格处作定语。名词作定语时，需用单数形式，并用连字符连接。故选A。3. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为“今晚，你有任何吗？”“还没有。去沙滩上野炊怎么样？” problems问题；news新闻；plans计划；rules规则。根据答语可知，问句主要询问是否还有其它的计划。故选C。4. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：“艾瑞克，我想知道你是否对这个项目做了决定。”“还没有。直到我得到价格方面的一手,我才能确定它。”news新闻；knowledge知识；information信息；education教育。根据句意可知此处指得到信息，故选C。5. D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：我饿了。但是这儿几乎没有剩下一些。我必须去买一些。sandwiches三明治；potatoes土豆；water水；bread面包。little修饰不可数名词，表否定，几乎没有，且由hungry可知应与食物有关，故选D。6. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：我的爷爷过去是一名。他喜欢飞翔的感觉。pioneer先驱者；pilot飞行员；president总统；postman邮递员。根据句意可知我的爷爷过去是一名飞行员，故选B。7. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为“你预测我们下周校篮球赛的是什么？”“我相信8班会赢。”teammate队友；result结果；information信息；player选手。根据答语“赢家是8班”可知问句应该是提问结果如何。故选B。8. B【解析】考查名词所有格的用法。句意为：妈妈看着她的两个儿子说：“它取决于我的决定。”有生命的复数名词所有格以s结尾加',不以s结尾则加's。根据句意及下文中母亲说到两个儿子，因此选项应为复数名词所有格。故选B。9. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：家里没有食物了。我们去好吗？library图书馆；supermarket超市；hospital医院；theatre剧院。根据常识可知，如果没有食物了，那就要去超市买。故选B。10. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为“你听说过一种很酷的洗衣机叫作自行车洗衣机吗？”“是的，它是一个新,是由一群中国大学生（设计）的。”invention发明；information信息；instruction说明书；introduction介绍。根据句意并结合常识可知是发明。故选A。11. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“政府正在为2022年冬奥会努力发展冬季体育运动。”“难怪人们正展现出对它们越来越多的。”warmth温暖；interest兴趣；victory胜利；standard标准。分析语境可知此处表示展现出兴趣，用show interest in sth.表示，故选B。12. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：他过去在学校不太活跃，但是现在他得到了很多的。choices选择；money钱；attention注意力；problems问题。but为表转折的连词，由其引导的两个并列句句意相反，前句表明他不活跃，所以后句说明他变得活跃了，变得活跃当然会得到更多的关注。故选C。13. D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：郑和是明朝的一位。他成功地航行到了非洲的东海岸。tourist游客；teacher老师；inventor发明家；explorer探险家。根据后句语境及常识可知郑和是一位探险家，故选D。14. A【解析】考查名词所有格的用法。句意为“在树下的那位女士是谁？”“是Kelly和Joe的姑姑。”根据问句“the woman”和答语“She's.aunt”可知是可数名词的单数形式，应为Kelly和Joe共同的姑姑。表示两者及以上共有的所有关系，在最后一个词的词尾加's，故选A。15. D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为“你能告诉我一些关于刚才帮助你的女孩的事情吗？”“抱歉，我对她一无所知。我们是。”friends朋友；classmates同学；neighbors邻居；strangers陌生人。根据第二句“我对她一无所知”可判断应是不认识。故选D。16. D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：对聋哑人来说学习手语是很有用的。对他们来说这是的一种重要方式。introduction介绍；vacation假期；production生产；communication交流。根据语境及常识可知，手语是聋哑人交流的方式，故选D。17. B【解析】考查名词所有格。句意为：王叔叔是一位出色的工程师。他是一位朋友。分析语境可知此处指“我爸爸的一个朋友”，a friend of my father's名词双重所有格，故选B。18. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：约翰有一个好的。他可以很快地记住东西。memory记忆力；instruction指示；member成员；question问题。根据后句语境可知此处指有着很好的记忆力，故选A。19. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：在中国北方，春节吃饺子是一个。custom风俗；effort努力；manner礼仪；purpose目的。根据常识可知吃饺子是一种风俗，故选A。20. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：去年王老师在一个贫困山村教英语。她将永远不会忘记在那里的愉快的。experiments实验; expressions表情；experiences经历；exercises锻炼。根据句意可知此处指王老师忘不了乡村支教的美好经历。故选C。21. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：汤姆身体健康，因为他经常锻炼并且吃很多。chips薯条；vegetables蔬菜；meat肉；noodles面条。根据语境可知，此处表示他经常吃许多健康的食物，只有vegetables符合语境。故选B。22. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：我想买本书。你能告诉我最近的在哪儿吗？bookshop 书店；theater剧院；museum博物馆；college大学。由前句“I want to buy a book”可知买书要去书店。故选A。23. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：你能把递给我吗？我想为我们的客人切点水果。fork餐叉；bowl碗；knife小刀；chopstick，筷子。根据“cut up some fruit”可知是需要刀。故选C。24. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：我们只有一个，所以保护环境真的是我们的职责。moon月亮；earth地球；star星星；sun太阳。根据“protect the environment”可知，此处指地球。故选B。25. D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：中国是一个发展中。它在世界舞台上变得越来越重要了。village村庄；city城市；province省份；country国家。根据常识可知中国是一个发展中国家，故选D。26. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：保持城市干净整洁是我们的。这会造福我们每一个人。duty职责；reason理由；ability能力；promise承诺。根据常识可知保持城市干净整洁是每个人的责任，故选A。27. D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：艾米每天锻炼。这就是为什么她苗条、健康又总是充满的原因。silence沉默；memory记忆；pressure压力；energy能量。根据句意并结合常识可知应是能量。故选D。28. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：看这些饼干的不同。它们看起来像羊、狗等等。sizes尺寸；shapes形状；colors颜色；styles风格。根据后句可知是不同的形状，故选B。29. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：我们老师想要一张这份试卷的复印件。我能用你的吗？printer打印机；radio收音机；player播放器；watch手表。根据前句语境可知此处指打印机，故选A。31.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：我爸爸在最后改变了他的主意。他拒绝和我们去电影院。market市场；moment时刻；opportunity机会；behavior行为。at the last moment在最后一刻，为固定搭配，故选B。30. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：在实现梦想的道路上将会有许多的困难。但是我们会用面对它们。fame名声；courage勇气；fear恐惧；difference不同。根据前句的“difficulties”可知此处指勇气，故选B。31. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：黛西是一个充满的女孩。creativity创造力；happiness幸福；training训练；freedom自由。她总是有很多不同的想法。可知，此处表达小女孩很有创造力。故选A。35.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：他喜欢读各种各样的书。他相信能够使生活更好。service服务；knowledge知识；dream梦想；solution办法。根据语境和句意可知，此处表示“知识”之意。故选B。32.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：杰克有设计好这栋楼。你只需要耐心等待。action行动；sadness悲伤；wealth财富；ability能力。根据语境可知此处指能力，故选D。33. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：凯特将要到北京了。我们全都在接她。station 车站；library 图书馆； restaurant 餐馆； hotel 宾馆。根据后面的“pick her up”可知，应该是在车站接她。故选A。34. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：布告板上有一个。它说会议被推迟了。notice通知；rule规则；diet节食；thought想法。根据语境和常识可知布告板上是一个通告，故选A。35. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：在她仔细思考之后，她用了一种不同的来解答这道数学题。brush刷子；decision决定；method方法；result结果。根据语境可知应该是用另一种方法来解题。故选C。36. A【解析】考查名词所有格的用法。句意为：你能想象_以后的生活会是什么样的吗？“一百年的时间”可以用100 years' time或100yeartime来表示。故选A。