(课标版)云南省2018年中考英语总复习第一部分基础知识梳理课时5八上1试题.doc

第一部分 基础知识梳理课时5 八1.单项填空1. (2017南京)We can't enter the room. I can't find my key. Is it possible that you _ it at home?A. left B. fixed C. managed D. designed2. (2017安徽)The New Silk Road will offer a good _ for more nations to communicate. A. chance B. habit C. question D. price3. (2017昆明五华区二模)The Chinese saying “A tree can't make a forest” tells us that _ is very important. A. ability B. decision C. teamwork D. luck4. Jane is very _ in her class，because she always helps others when they are in trouble. A. interested B. happyC. popular D. pleased5. It's a pity that he did very well in the competition but failed to break the_.A. tradition B. rule C. record D. result6. Our geography teacher told us to _ more information about our city and share it next week.A. find out B. keep awayC. turn off D. use up7. Mary liked music since she was a little girl, and she wanted to be a _ in the future.A. scientist B. musician C. painter D. astronaut8. As is known to us all, the dragon is the symbol of China. And it also_ success and luck.A. stands for B. asks forC. cares for D. waits for9. Some people like going for a picnic and chatting with friends _ a vacation.A. from B. among C. between D. during10. The young man often_ his oral English by talking with foreigners.A. shares B. practices C. achieves D. teaches11. Recycling is good for the environment, so don't_ away bottles or newspapers.A. put B. take C. pass D. throw12. I think _ is more important than money, because it's useless to have lots of money if you don't have a strong body.A. health B. wealth C. honor D. prize13. My hometown is especially _ for its beautiful mountains and clear water.A. thirsty B. afraid C. bad D. famous14. Although it is cold outside in winter, my father still sticks to taking _ every morning.A. exercise B. shower C. rest D. picture. 完形填空Once upon a time, there lived an ant family under a big tree. Every day, they went out to search for food and took it home into the hole. They had a peaceful and enjoyable_1_. But everything changed since a big locust(蚂蚱)_2_ . No one knew where the locust came from. He was very strong, but he was so_3_. He did nothing _4_ play here and there all day. When he was hungry, he would stop some little ants and take their food away. One day, he not only took their food away but also beat two of the ants. The two ants told the Ants King about their terrible _5_， crying. The Ant King was very angry. “ Something must be done to end it.” The next day, the locust was trying to hit one of the small ants again_6_ he heard a loud cry“ Take actions！”. The Ants King and all the small ants who _7_ in the forest rushed out. Some caught the locust by his legs, some took him by the arms, _8_ climbed onto the locust's body and hit him hard. The poor locust couldn't move and shouted “Forgive me, please! I will no longer take your food away. I will go to_9_ something to eat by myself. ”Unity(团结)_10_ power !1. A. life B. trip C. vacation D. rest2. A. happened B. appearedC. failed D. realized3. A. helpful B. friendly C. lazy D. happy4. A. with B. for C. but D. and5. A. experience B. patienceC. importance D. difference6. A. when B. after C. before D. above7. A. walked B. lived C. hid D. liked8. A. none B. others C. another D. other9. A. look around B. look at C. look for D. look up10. A. means B. needs C. breaks D. gives. 阅读理解AA lot of people in England have a very strong obsession (痴迷) with football. You might even say they are fanatics! When I was growing up, everyone would rush out to the playground during the break time to play a game of football.Whenever there is a big match, all the flags for local football teams are hung outside every window, or even spread proudly on Tshirts or scarves. Everyone is excited. Groups of young men crowd into dark, packed bars, watching tiny television screens in the corners. Of course, they are covered head to toe in the colours of their team, as a way of showing their love. They shout and scream in frustration when their team loses a goal, or with joy when there is a moment of success. You do not have to be a fan of football to get caught up in the excitement. As far as victories are concerned, England can only boast of (引以为荣)one big moment, a date everyone is familiar with: 1966. The World Cup victory is in the hearts and minds of all English football fans, the moment that, for them, changed history forever. Now, whenever England is playing a big match, red and white adorns (点缀) every inch of every bar, a symbol of hope: the English flag.1. Everyone would rush out to play the game of football during the break time.2. They are covered heads and faces in the colors of their team.3. They will jump and shout when their team loses the goal.4. England football team won the World Cup in 1966.5. People in England love football very much.B(2017衢州改编)A lot of people play sports, but very few people become sports professionals(专业人员). If sports aren't going to be your future, then why should you play them? Why should you train every day? Why should you work hard and feel sore(酸痛) the next day? Wouldn't it be better to forget sports and only pay attention to your lessons?There are actually a lot of good reasons to play sports. First of all, sports are a great way to exercise. Exercising keeps you healthy and strong. It also helps you stay in a good state. When you exercise, your body produces endorphins(内啡肽). Endorphins give you more energy and make you feel happier.Sports are important for everyone, but they are especially important for young people. They teach young people about winning and losing. Also, they teach young people how to communicate and work as a team. For example, when you play football, you must learn how to communicate with your teammates and work together. Sports teach young people to respect their coaches, teammates, and people they fight against as well.Many reports say that sports help young people stay out of trouble. If a young person plays sports, he or she is less likely to have problems. This is because sports teach people about rules. They also teach people that if they work hard, they might succeed.Another good way of sports is that they make people leave their houses. These days, a lot of people spend too much time watching television and playing video games. When you play sports, you go outside and exercise in the sun. You take in fresh air. All of these things are important.You're probably not going to become a sports professional, but that doesn't matter. Sports will help you become a better and happier person. Sports will help you make friends and stay healthy. Here is another good reason to play sports：Sports are fun.1. The purpose of the first paragraph is to _.A. introduce the topicB. make a surveyC. share knowledge of sportsD. ask for advice2. Sports are especially important for _.A. old people B. young peopleC. men D. women3. The underlined word “They” in Para 4 refers to _.A. reports B. sports C. problems D. rules4. In the writer's opinion, sports can bring people _.A. happiness, health, friendship and funB. fashion, health, friendship and funC. happiness, wealth, health and courageD. health, courage, friendship and value5. The best title for this passage is _.A. Sports are very interestingB. Sports teach people rulesC. Sports make people go outsideD. Sports are good for everyoneC(2017烟台改编)Working on a team is quite important._1_ To create a strong team, good communication is the most necessary part for both the leader and team members. The following are some helpful suggestions.Listen to other people actively.When someone is speaking to you, you're supposed to listen to him actively. _2_ In this way, you can get your answers to any questions before moving on._3_When someone tells you about his ideas, you should think about them carefully, no matter how silly they may seem. This shows you are interested in his ideas and makes him feel good.Share you ideas with other people.4_ This helps to get better ideas. Besides this, it also helps to improve your relationships between you and your team members.Don't criticize other people.When someone on your team does something wrong, don't criticize him._5_ Criticizing your team members too often may make them keep away from you. As a result, you may feel lonely.A. That's a good idea.B. I think it is necessary for us to be content.C. Think about other people's ideas carefully.D. If you're not clear about something, you should ask him about it.E. When you have a new idea, talk about it with your team members.F. You can help him to find out reasons and then help him to deal with the problem.G. However, if people on your team are not good at communicating, you may feel terrible. 书面表达提示：体育锻炼的重要性不言而喻。但是很多同学忙于做作业和考试，很少参加体育锻炼。请以“Let's Go for Sports！”为题，写一篇文章，说明体育锻炼的好处，号召同学们加入体育锻炼。要求：1. 语言流畅、书写规范、卷面整洁，词数不少于60个；2. 文中不得使用真实姓名、校名，否则以零分计。_答案. 1.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意“我们进不了房间了。我找不到我的钥匙了。”“你有没有可能把它_家里了？”left离开，落在；fixed修理；managed管理；designed设计。根据语境可知是问是否有可能把钥匙落在了家里。故选A。2. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：新的丝绸之路将会为更多的国家提供一个好的交流_。chance机会；habit习惯；question问题；price价格。根据语境知，这里指的是提供一个好机会。故选A。3. C【解析】考查名词词义的辨析。句意：中国谚语“独木不成林”告诉我们_很重要。ability能力；decision决定；teamwork团队合作；luck运气。根据谚语的意思可知应是团队合作。故选C。4. C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：简在她的班级很_，因为当别人处于困境时她总是给予帮助。interested感兴趣的；happy开心的；popular流行的，受欢迎的； pleased高兴的，愉悦的。根据语境可知此处应表示受欢迎的。故选C。 5. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在比赛中做得很好，但是很可惜未能打破_。tradition 传统；rule规则；record 记录；result结果。根据句意可知此处考查的是break the record“打破记录”。故选C。6. A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们的地理老师告诉我们_更多关于我们城市的信息，并在下周分享。find out找出；查明；keep away远离；turn off关闭；use up用完。从share it next week可知，地理老师让我们找出更多有关我们城市的信息以便分享。故选A。7. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：玛丽是个小女孩的时候就喜欢音乐，而且她将来想要当一名_。scientist 科学家；musician音乐家；painter画家；astronaut宇航员。根据前半句中的“喜欢音乐”可推断出，玛丽长大之后想当一名音乐家。故选B。 8. A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：正如我们都知道的，龙是中国的象征。它也_成功和幸运。stands for 代表；asks for请求；cares for关心，照顾；waits for等待。根据句意可知是“龙代表成功和幸运”。故选A。9. D【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：一些人喜欢在假期_去野餐并和朋友聊天。from从，来自； among表示“在中”，用于三者或三者以上；between表示“在之间”，用于两者之间； during表示“在期间”。根据语境可知此处表达“在假期期间”。故选D。10. B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个年轻人经常和外国人交谈来_英语口语。shares分享；practices练习；achieves实现；teaches教。根据句意可知是练习口语。故选B。11. D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：回收利用对环境有好处，所以不要_瓶子或者报纸。put放；take拿；pass通过；throw扔掉。结合句意可知，不要扔掉瓶子或者报纸。故选D。12. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为_比钱更重要，因为如果你没有一个强壮的身体，即使有很多钱也无济于事。health健康；wealth财富；honor荣誉；prize奖励。根据“because it's useless to have lots of money if you don't have a strong body.”可知是说健康比金钱更重要。故选A。13. D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的家乡尤其因它美丽的大山和清澈的泉水而_。thirsty 渴望的；afraid 害怕的；bad 坏的；famous 著名的。根据句意及固定搭配“be famous for.因而著名”可知此处应选D。14. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管冬天外面很冷，我的父亲仍坚持每天早晨_。exercise锻炼；shower淋浴； rest 休息； picture图片。根据句意可知早上应该是锻炼。故选A。. 【主旨大意】本文是一则寓言故事。讲述了一个原本安宁愉快生活的蚂蚁家族受到了一个蚂蚱的欺辱，忍无可忍时，蚂蚁王带领大家齐心协力，战胜了蚂蚱。故事说明了团结就是力量。1. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。life生活；trip旅游；vacation假期；rest 休息。根据上句“Every day, they went out to search for food and took it home into the hole.”可判断蚂蚁们过着安宁而愉快的生活。故选A。2. B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。happened发生；appeared出现；failed失败；realized 实现。根据下文语境可知蚂蚱的出现改变了蚂蚁们安宁愉快的生活。故选B。3. C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。helpful乐于助人的；friendly友好的；lazy懒惰的；happy 高兴的。由下文可知蚂蚱专门欺负小蚂蚁，不劳而获。四个选项只有lazy符合语境。故选C。4. C【解析】考查介词词义辨析。with和一起，具有；for为了，由于；but除外；and 和。根据下句“When he was hungry, he would stop some little ants and take their food away.”可推知他整天除了到处玩以外什么也不干。do nothing but do.除了什么也不做，为固定搭配。故选C。5. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。experience经历；经验；patience耐心；importance重要性；difference 不同。根据上下文语境可知当此处是两个遭蚂蚱抢劫的小蚂蚁哭诉他们可怕的经历。故选A。6. A【解析】考查连词词义辨析。when当时；after在之后；before在之前；above 在之上。根据下文语境可知蚂蚱正试图再一次欺负小蚂蚁的时候，听到了一声大喊。故选A。7. C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。walked行走；lived居住；hid躲藏；liked 喜欢。根据句意可知是藏在丛林中的蚂蚁们冲出来与蚂蚱搏斗。故选C。8. B【解析】考查代词词义辨析。none所有都不；others其余一些；another另外一个；other 其余的。此处表示与蚂蚱搏斗时，有些蚂蚁抓住蚂蚱胳膊，其余一些爬到蚂蚱身上使劲撞蚂蚱。故选B。9. C【解析】考查动词短语辨析。look around环顾四周；look at看；look for 寻找；look up 向上看。句意为：我再也不抢你们的食物了。我会自己去找吃的东西。四个选项代入句中可知look for符合语境。故选C。10. A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。means意思是，意味着；needs需要；breaks打碎；gives 给。最后一句说出了文章主旨，团结就是力量。故选A。. A【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述英国许多人对足球都很痴迷，以及英国的足球迷对自己喜欢的球队痴迷的程度。1. T【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：所有人在休息时间都会跑出去做足球游戏。根据文章第一段最后一句“When I was growing up, everyone would rush out to the playground during the break time to play a game of football.”可知此项正确。2. F【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：他们头和脸都涂着他们球队的颜色。根据文中第二段“Of course, they are covered head to toe in the colours of their team, as a way of showing their love.”可知此项错误。3. F【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：当他们的球队丢失目标的时候他们边跳边尖叫。根据第二段最后一句“They shout and scream in frustration when their team loses a goal, or with joy when there is a moment of success.”可知他们大喊并尖叫。故此项错误。4. T【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：1966英格兰足球队赢得了世界杯。根据第三段“As far as victories are concerned, England can only boast of(引以为荣) one big moment, a date everyone is familiar with: 1966. The World Cup victory is in the hearts and minds of all English football fans, the moment that, for them, changed history forever.”可知此项正确。5. T【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：英国人非常喜欢足球。根据全文可知这篇文章主要讲述英国人对足球的热情度，甚至把足球当事业。故此项正确。B【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了运动的原因和好处，运动能给人带来幸福，健康，友谊和乐趣。1. A【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：第一段的目的是_。根据第一段段意及一系列问句可知第一段是在引出并介绍 “sports”这一话题。故选A。2. B【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：运动对_尤其重要。根据第三段第一句“Sports are important for everyone, but they are especially important for young people.”可知答案。故选B。3. B【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：第四段划线单词“They”指的是_。根据划线部分前一句“This is because sports teach people about rules.”动词teach的主语是sports。本句“They also teach”可知本句“They”代指主语“sports”。故选B。4. A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：依据作者的观点，运动能给人们带来_。根据最后一段中“sports will help.fun”可知运动能给人带来幸福，健康，友谊和乐趣。故选A。5. D【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：这篇文章的最佳标题是_。综合上下文内容可知，文章第一段介绍引入了“sports”这一话题，而其余段落具体说运动能给人带来幸福，健康，友谊和乐趣。因此最佳标题是运动对人的好处。故选D。C【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐明团队合作的重要性，并从主动听别人的话、仔细考虑别人的观点、与别人分享观点、不批评别人做错事情四个方面分别给予建议。1. G【解析】根据空后“To create a stro