高考英语一轮复习 Unit4 Astronomy:the science of the stars课件 新人教必修3.ppt
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高考英语一轮复习 Unit4 Astronomy:the science of the stars课件 新人教必修3.ppt
2021/8/11 星期三1话题话题1.Science of the stars(恒星科学恒星科学)2.The development of life(生命的生命的发发展展)3Space travel and gravity(太空旅行和重力太空旅行和重力)功能功能 Instructions(指示指示)语语法法 Noun clauses as the subject(主主语语从句从句)重点重点单词单词astronomy,atmosphere,system,chain,theory,globe,violent,unlike,spaceship,oxygen,harmful,exist,presence,puzzle,gravity,satellite,climate,crash,pull,float,mass2021/8/11 星期三2重点重点短短语语in time,lay eggs,give birth to,in ones turn,prevent.from,block out,cheer up,now that,break out,watch out重点重点句型句型1.What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.2This produced a chain reaction,which made it possible for life to develop.3“Oh dear,”I cried,“walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.”4But when I tried to step forward,I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.2021/8/11 星期三31exist vi.存在;生存存在;生存(无被动式和进行时无被动式和进行时)归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)There exists/existed.某地有某地有;存在;存在exist in存在于存在于exist on靠靠生活生活/生存生存(2)existence n存在;生存存在;生存be in existence存在存在come into existence开始产生,成立开始产生,成立bring into existence使产生使产生(3)existent adj.存在的;现行的存在的;现行的2021/8/11 星期三4We cant exist without food or water.没有食物和水我们就不能生存。没有食物和水我们就不能生存。I can hardly exist on the wage that Im getting.我靠我挣的工资简直难以糊口。我靠我挣的工资简直难以糊口。When did the world come into existence?世界是什么时候开始存在的?世界是什么时候开始存在的?There exists a good way to solve the existing problem in geography.有一个解决目前地理问题的好办法。有一个解决目前地理问题的好办法。2021/8/11 星期三5【链接训练链接训练】He doesnt believe in the _ of God.Alife Bexist Cexistence Dexhibition【解解析析】existence“存存在在”,符符合合题题意意。exist是是动动词词,不能用在此处。句意为:他不相信有上帝存在。不能用在此处。句意为:他不相信有上帝存在。【答案答案】C2021/8/11 星期三6As everyone knows,since the Communist Party of China _ in 1921,great changes have taken place in China.Acame into effect Bcame into forceCcame into existence Dcame into power【解解析析】考考查查动动词词词词组组辨辨析析。句句意意为为:众众所所周周知知,自自从从1921年年中中国国共共产产党党成成立立后后,中中国国发发生生了了巨巨大大的的变变化化。come into existence“开开始始产产生生,成成立立”,符符合合题题意意。come into effect“生生效效,执执行行”;come into force“开开始始生生效效”;come into power“上台,掌权上台,掌权”。【答案答案】C2021/8/11 星期三72puzzle nCC难题,谜难题,谜vt.使迷惑使迷惑归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)be in a puzzle 感到困惑感到困惑(2)puzzle sb.使某人迷惑使某人迷惑puzzle out 仔细思考,设法想出答案仔细思考,设法想出答案(3)puzzling adj.令人困惑的令人困惑的puzzled adj.感到困惑的感到困惑的2021/8/11 星期三8People were in a puzzle about the crash in which the president of Poland died.人们对总统坠机身亡这一事件感到困惑。人们对总统坠机身亡这一事件感到困惑。Their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me.他们为什么要做此事我仍莫名其妙。他们为什么要做此事我仍莫名其妙。What puzzles me is why he left the meeting without telling anyone.令令我我困困惑惑不不解解的的是是,他他为为什什么么没没告告诉诉任任何何人人就就从从会会议议上上离开了。离开了。2021/8/11 星期三9【链接训练链接训练】Facing the_situation,the sales manager looked_.Apuzzling;puzzled Bpuzzling;puzzling Cpuzzled;puzzled Dpuzzled;puzzling【解解析析】句句意意为为:面面临临着着令令人人困困惑惑的的局局势势,销销售售部部经经理理看看起起来来迷迷惑惑不不解解。第第一一空空形形容容situation的的特特点点用用puzzling;表示人困惑时用表示人困惑时用puzzled。故正确答案为。故正确答案为A项。项。【答案答案】A2021/8/11 星期三103pull n&vt.拉拉(力力);拖;牵引;拖;牵引(力力)归纳拓展归纳拓展pull apart拉开;分开;扯断拉开;分开;扯断pull away(汽车汽车)开走;把开走;把抛在后面抛在后面pull in进站;吸引进站;吸引pull out离站;离站;(使使)摆脱困境摆脱困境pull over靠路边停车靠路边停车pull through恢复健康;完成恢复健康;完成(十分困难的事十分困难的事)pull up使车停住使车停住pull down贬低贬低(人人);拆毁;拆毁(建筑物建筑物)2021/8/11 星期三11He gave a strong pull at the rope.他用力拉了拉绳子。他用力拉了拉绳子。Tom jumped onto the bus just as it was pulling away.公共汽车正要开走时,汤姆跳了上去。公共汽车正要开走时,汤姆跳了上去。He succeeded in pulling through the difficulty.他平安地渡过了难关。他平安地渡过了难关。The workers are trying to pull down the dangerous houses.工人们正在努力拆毁那些危房。工人们正在努力拆毁那些危房。2021/8/11 星期三12【链接训练链接训练】She _ her car suddenly at a red light and I nearly hit her car.Apulled up Bpulled downCpulled in Dpulled out【解解析析】考考查查动动词词短短语语辨辨析析。句句意意为为:在在红红灯灯前前她她突突然然把把车车停停下下,我我差差点点撞撞上上她她的的车车。pull up“停停车车,把把车车停停下下”,符符合合题题意意。pull down“拆拆毁毁,摧摧毁毁”;pull in“进进站站”;pull out“驶出驶出(车站车站)等,等,(使使)摆脱困境摆脱困境”。【答案答案】A2021/8/11 星期三134cheer vt.&vi.(使使)高高兴兴;(对对)欢欢呼呼n愉愉快快,欢欢呼;喝彩呼;喝彩归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)cheerful adj.快乐的,高兴的快乐的,高兴的cheering n.欢呼,喝彩欢呼,喝彩 adj.令人振奋的,令人高兴的令人振奋的,令人高兴的Cheers!(用于祝酒用于祝酒)干杯!干杯!(2)cheer up使高兴,使振奋;高兴起来,振作起来使高兴,使振奋;高兴起来,振作起来cheer sb.on(比赛中比赛中)激励某人;为某人加油激励某人;为某人加油2021/8/11 星期三14The good news cheered everybody who heard it.好消息使每一个听到的人感到高兴。好消息使每一个听到的人感到高兴。The spectators cheered the runners on.观众用喝彩声为赛跑选手加油。观众用喝彩声为赛跑选手加油。Cheer up!Our trouble will soon be over.振作起来!我们的困难很快就会过去。振作起来!我们的困难很快就会过去。2021/8/11 星期三15【链接训练链接训练】_,dear!Things wont be as bad as you think.There certainly will be chances for you.AHurry up BLook upCCheer up DMake up【解解析析】考考查查情情景景交交际际。句句意意为为:亲亲爱爱的的,振振作作起起来来!事事情情并并不不像像你你想想象象得得那那么么糟糟。你你一一定定还还有有机机会会。Cheer up!“振振作作起起来来,别别灰灰心心!”用用于于鼓鼓励励对对方方。Hurry up“抓抓紧紧时时间间,赶赶快快”,用用于于催催促促某某人人;Look up“向向上上看看”;Make up固固定定短短语,意为语,意为“组成;弥补;编造组成;弥补;编造”。【答案答案】C2021/8/11 星期三16The nurse tried to _ up the little boy when he started to cry.Acheer Bdress Cget Dmake【解解析析】句句意意为为:当当这这个个小小男男孩孩开开始始哭哭时时,护护士士设设法法让让他他高高兴兴起起来来。cheer sb.up“使使高高兴兴,使使振振奋奋起起来来”,符符合合题题意。意。【答案答案】A2021/8/11 星期三171in time 及时;总有一天;迟早及时;总有一天;迟早 归纳拓展归纳拓展in no time立立刻刻,马马上上(once/immediately,用用于于句句首首时时不倒装不倒装)ahead of time 提前;提早提前;提早at times有时有时at one time一度;从前;曾经一度;从前;曾经at a time依次;逐一;每次依次;逐一;每次for the time being暂时;眼下暂时;眼下take ones time别着急;慢慢来别着急;慢慢来2021/8/11 星期三18at no time 绝绝不不,在在任任何何时时候候都都不不(用用在在句句首首时时,句句子子要要部分倒装部分倒装)Will we be in time for the six oclock train?我们来得及赶上六点钟的那趟火车吗?我们来得及赶上六点钟的那趟火车吗?If you keep on working hard,youll succeed in time.如果坚持努力工作,你总有一天会成功的。如果坚持努力工作,你总有一天会成功的。Youre here in time.你终于来了。你终于来了。She ran up the stairs two at a time.她一步两台阶地跑上楼梯。她一步两台阶地跑上楼梯。The boss ordered us to finish our task ahead of time.老板命令我们提前完成任务。老板命令我们提前完成任务。2021/8/11 星期三19【链接训练链接训练】She started as an office junior,and _ became the director of the whole company.Ain surprise Bin return Cin turn Din time【解解析析】句句意意为为:她她起起初初只只是是一一名名办办公公室室职职员员,最最终终成成了了整整个个公公司司的的董董事事。in surprise“吃吃惊惊地地”;in return“作作为为回回报报”;in turn“轮轮流流,依依次次”;in time“终终于于,一一段段时时间间后后”。故选。故选D。【答案答案】D2021/8/11 星期三20 _ will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.AAt no time BIn no timeCAt one time DAt a time【解解析析】at no time“绝绝不不”,表表示示否否定定意意义义,置置于于句句首首引引起起倒倒装装。in no time“立立即即,马马上上”;at one time“曾曾经经”;at a time“每次,一次每次,一次”。它们均不表否定意义,不能引起倒装。它们均不表否定意义,不能引起倒装。【答案答案】A2021/8/11 星期三212021/8/11 星期三22Its ones turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事了轮到某人做某事了I will,in my turn,clean the window next week.下周轮到我擦窗户了。下周轮到我擦窗户了。Mary and Helen took turns sitting/to/to sit/sit/at sitting up with their sick mother.玛丽和海伦轮流照看她们生病的母亲。玛丽和海伦轮流照看她们生病的母亲。He asked each of us in turn to answer his questions.他要我们每个人依次回答他的问题。他要我们每个人依次回答他的问题。I think its my turn to drive the kids to school this week.我想这周该轮到我开车送孩子们上学了。我想这周该轮到我开车送孩子们上学了。2021/8/11 星期三23【链接训练链接训练】People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars,and this _ creates further problems.Ain short Bin case Cin doubt Din turn【解解析析】in turn意意为为“反反过过来来,依依次次,轮轮流流”。根根据据句句意意“人人们们为为了了避避免免公公共共交交通通造造成成的的延延误误使使用用私私家家车车,而而这这反反过过来来产产生生了了进进一一步步的的问问题题”,可可确确定定选选D项项。in short意意为为“简简而而言言之之”;in case意意为为“万万一一”;in doubt意意为为“不不能能肯肯定的,可怀疑的定的,可怀疑的”。【答案答案】D2021/8/11 星期三242021/8/11 星期三252021/8/11 星期三26【链接训练链接训练】Some policeman should be sent to _ them _ the trees.Aprevent;to cut down Bstop;cutting downCkeep;to cut down Dkeep;cutting down【解解析析】prevent/stop/stop/keep sb.from doing sth.意意为为“阻阻止止某某人人做做某某事事”,排排除除A、C两两项项;又又因因prevent/stop后后的的from在在主主动动语语态态中中可可省省略略,而而keep后后的的from不不可可省省略略,排排除除D,故故B项正确。项正确。【答案答案】B2021/8/11 星期三27It seems very difficult _.Ato stop the child to cryBto prevent the child cryingCto keep the child cryingDto protect the child from crying【解解析析】句句意意为为:似似乎乎很很难难阻阻止止这这个个孩孩子子哭哭。D项项中中的的protect指指“保护保护”,不合题意。,不合题意。【答案答案】B2021/8/11 星期三284break out(火火灾灾、战战争争等等)突突然然发发生生,爆爆发发(无无被被动动语语态态)归纳拓展归纳拓展break away from 脱离脱离(政党等政党等);打破;打破(陈规等陈规等)break down 出出故故障障,抛抛锚锚;(计计划划等等)失失败败;(身身体体、精精神神等等)垮掉;坍塌;中止;垮掉;坍塌;中止;(化合物等化合物等)分解分解break in 破门而入,突然闯入;打断破门而入,突然闯入;打断(话语等话语等)break into 破门而入;突然破门而入;突然起来起来break off 折断;突然中止;断绝,结束折断;突然中止;断绝,结束break through 突破,突围突破,突围break up 打打碎碎,拆拆散散;散散开开,解解散散;(学学校校)期期终终放放假假,(集会集会)结束结束2021/8/11 星期三29They had escaped to America shortly before the war broke out in 1939.1939年战争爆发前不久他们逃到了美国。年战争爆发前不久他们逃到了美国。It was at midnight that a fire broke out.就是在午夜发生了一起火灾。就是在午夜发生了一起火灾。When do you break up for Christmas?你们什么时候放假过圣诞节?你们什么时候放假过圣诞节?Her health broke down under the pressure of work.她的身体因工作压力垮掉了。她的身体因工作压力垮掉了。2021/8/11 星期三30【链接训练链接训练】When a fire _ in the downtown highrise apartment in Shanghai on Nov.15,2010,fifty eight people lost their lives.Abroke off Bbroke outCbroke down Dbroke up【解解析析】break off“折折断断,中中止止”;break out“(战战争争、火火灾灾等等)突突然然爆爆发发”;break down“出出故故障障;(身身体体)垮垮掉掉”;break up“破破碎碎、解解散散”。题题干干中中说说的的是是火火灾灾突突然然发发生生,故故符符合题意的只有合题意的只有B项。项。【答案答案】B2021/8/11 星期三31Dr.Frank failed many times but he finally _ to find a successful way to solve the problem.Abroke off Bbroke throughCbroke down Dbroke up【解解析析】考考查查break动动词词短短语语。从从句句意意看看,break through表表示示“突突破破”,符符合合语语境境。break off“折折断断,中中止止,断断绝绝”;break down“抛抛锚锚,坍坍塌塌”;break up“打打碎碎,解解散散;(学学校校)放放假假”。句句意意为为:弗弗兰兰克克医医生生失失败败了了多多次次,但但他他最最终终突突破困境找到一种成功解决这个问题的方法。破困境找到一种成功解决这个问题的方法。【答案答案】B2021/8/11 星期三325But when I tried to step forward,I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.但但是是当当我我试试着着向向前前迈迈步步的的时时候候,我我发发觉觉我我被被送送出出去去在在地地球上的两倍远,因而我摔倒了。球上的两倍远,因而我摔倒了。本本句句中中含含有有表表达达倍倍数数的的结结构构,倍倍数数twice用用来来修修饰饰形形容容词词的原级比较的原级比较as far as。归纳拓展归纳拓展英语中常见的表示倍数的结构:英语中常见的表示倍数的结构:(1)“A谓谓语语倍倍数数as形形容容词词或或副副词词的的原原级级asB”,表示,表示“A是是B的多少倍的多少倍”。(2)“A谓谓语语倍倍数数形形容容词词或或副副词词的的比比较较级级thanB”,表示,表示“A比比B大大(长、高、宽等长、高、宽等)多少倍多少倍”。2021/8/11 星期三33(3)“A谓谓语语倍倍数数the名名词词(size/height/height/length/width,etc.)ofB”,表示,表示“A是是B的多少倍的多少倍”。This room is three times as big as that one.This room is twice bigger than that one.This room is three times the size of that one.这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。(比那个房间大两倍比那个房间大两倍)诱导展望诱导展望句式中表倍数的数字处也可为分数、百分数、句式中表倍数的数字处也可为分数、百分数、half等词。等词。This room is half the size of that one.这个房间是那个房间的一半大。这个房间是那个房间的一半大。2021/8/11 星期三34【链接训练链接训练】Our family will move to a new flat in the city center,and the new one is _ the old one.Atwice the size of Bas twice big asCthe twice size as Dbigger than twice【解解析析】考考查查倍倍数数表表达达方方式式其其中中的的一一种种:A谓谓语语倍倍数数the名名词词(size/height/height/length/width,etc.)ofB,表表示示“A正正好好是是B的的多多少少倍倍”。句句意意为为:我我们们家家要要搬搬到到市市中中心心的的一一座新楼,新房子的面积是老房子的两倍大。座新楼,新房子的面积是老房子的两倍大。【答案答案】A2021/8/11 星期三35Americans eat _ as they actually need every day.Atwice as much protein Btwice protein as manyCtwice protein as much Dprotein as twice much【解解析析】句句意意为为:美美国国人人每每天天所所食食用用的的蛋蛋白白质质是是他他们们实实际际需需要要的的两两倍倍。表表达达倍倍数数的的方方法法是是.times as.as.,在在两两个个as之之间间可可用用many(修修饰饰可可数数名名词词),much(修修饰饰不不可可数数名名词词)和其他相应的词,和其他相应的词,protein是不可数名词,所以答案是是不可数名词,所以答案是A项。项。【答案答案】A2021/8/11 星期三366.“walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.”“既既然然重重力力改改变变了了,看看来来走走路路也也的的确确需需要要练练一一练练了了。”句句中中now that 意意为为“既既然然,由由于于”,是是连连词词短短语语,用用来来引导原因状语从句,口语中引导原因状语从句,口语中that常可省略。常可省略。归纳拓展归纳拓展其其他他引引导导原原因因状状语语从从句句的的连连词词:because,since,as,for(1)because“因因为为”,表表示示理理由由充充分分、必必然然的的因因果果关关系系,回答以回答以why 开头的问句。开头的问句。(2)since“既既然然”,可可与与 now that 互互换换,表表示示显显而而易易见见的的原因,侧重主句。原因,侧重主句。2021/8/11 星期三37(3)as 比比 because语语气气弱弱,表表示示显显而而易易见见或或已已为为人人所所知知的的原因,主句和从句并重,从句说明原因,主句说明结果。原因,主句和从句并重,从句说明原因,主句说明结果。(4)for“因因为为”,并并列列连连词词,引引导导一一个个分分句句,不不能能置置于于句句首,对上文起补充说明作用。首,对上文起补充说明作用。Now that(since)the kids have left home,weve got a lot of extra space.既然孩子们都离开家了,我们住着就宽敞了。既然孩子们都离开家了,我们住着就宽敞了。As you were out,I left a message.你出去了,所以我留了一张字条儿。你出去了,所以我留了一张字条儿。2021/8/11 星期三38He was absent from the meeting because he was ill yesterday.昨天他没参加会议是因为他病了。昨天他没参加会议是因为他病了。We listened eagerly,for he brought news of our families.我们急不可待地听着,因为他带来了我们家人的消息。我们急不可待地听着,因为他带来了我们家人的消息。2021/8/11 星期三39【链接训练链接训练】_ you are free tonight,why not go to see the movie with me?AAs if BFor CEven if DNow that【解解析析】连连词词now(that)引引导导原原因因的的原原因因状状语语从从句句。as if“好好像像”;even if“即即使使”;并并列列连连词词for引引导导的的原原因因分分句句需需放在第一分句后作为解释性说明。放在第一分句后作为解释性说明。【答案答案】D2021/8/11 星期三40主语从句主语从句一、英语中的主语从句在句中作主语,有以下两种结构:一、英语中的主语从句在句中作主语,有以下两种结构:1主语从句位于句首。主语从句位于句首。Who kept the door open all night was unknown.不知道是谁让门整晚开着。不知道是谁让门整晚开着。2主语从句位于句尾,使用主语从句位于句尾,使用it作形式主语。作形式主语。it作形式主语置于句首的结构作形式主语置于句首的结构(1)“Itbe形形容容词词thatclause”结结构构,常常用用于于这这种种句句型型的的 形形 容容 词词 有有:fortunate,possible,(un)likely,strange,probable,true,certain等。等。2021/8/11 星期三41It is strange that no one wants to go there.真奇怪,竟然没有人想要去那里。真奇怪,竟然没有人想要去那里。(2)“Itbe名名词词词词组组thatclause”结结构构,常常用用于于这这种种句句型型的的名名词词及及名名词词词词组组有有:an honour,a pity,a shame,no wonder,no surprise等。等。It is a pity that he cant attend the party.真遗憾,他不能参加晚会。真遗憾,他不能参加晚会。Its no surprise that our team should have won the game.我们队赢了比赛,这一点也不惊讶。我们队赢了比赛,这一点也不惊讶。(3)“Itbe过过去去分分词词thatclause”结结构构,常常用用于于这这种种句句型型 的的 过过 去去 分分 词词 有有:said,believed,reported,proved,decided,known等。等。2021/8/11 星期三42It is known to all that money cant grow on the tree.众所周知,钱不会长在树上。众所周知,钱不会长在树上。(4)Itseems/appears/appears/happens等不及物动词等不及物动词thatclause。It seems that it is going to rain soon.天看起来马上要下雨了。天看起来马上要下雨了。(5)Itdoesnt matter(makes no difference,etc.)连连接接代词代词/连接副词引导的主语从句。连接副词引导的主语从句。It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.我们在哪里召开会议并不重要。我们在哪里召开会议并不重要。注注意意:当当主主语语从从句句放放在在句句尾尾而而用用形形式式主主语语时时,形形式式主主语语只能用只能用it,而不能使用,而不能使用this,that等代词。等代词。2021/8/11 星期三43二、主语从句的连接词可以分为以下三类:二、主语从句的连接词可以分为以下三类:1连词连词that,whether连连接接词词that本本身身没没有有意意义义,不不作作句句子子成成分分,只只起起引引导导作作用,位于句首时,用,位于句首时,that不能省略。不能省略。That light travels in straight lines is known to all.众所周知,光线直线运行。众所周知,光线直线运行。whether尽尽管管不不充充当当句句子子成成分分,但但是是含含有有“是是否否”的的意意思思,可以加上可以加上or not,其语意不变。,其语意不变。Whether well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.我们明天是否去野营取决于天气。我们明天是否去野营取决于天气。2021/8/11 星期三442 what,who(m),which,whose,when,where,why,how这这一一类类连连接接词词除除了了引引导导主主语语从从句句之之外外,在在从从句句中中又又分分别别起起代代词词、副副词词或或形形容容词词的的作作用用,在在从从句句中中分分别别作作主主语语、宾宾语语、表表语语、状状语语和和定定语语。因因此此,what,who(m),which又又称称为为连连接接代代词词;when,where,why,how又又称称为为连连接接副副词词;whose,which,what又称为连接形容词。又称为连接形容词。Who will do it doesnt matter.谁谁来来做做这这件件事事并并没没有有关关系系。(连连接接代代词词who在在从从句句中中作作主主语语)2021/8/11 星期三45Where the library is to be built has not been decided yet.图图书书馆馆将将要要建建在在哪哪里里还还未未确确定定。(连连接接副副词词where在在从从句句中作地点状语中作地点状语)3 whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever,whenever,wherever,howeverwhatever等等连连接接词词与与what等等连连接接代代词词的的用用法法一一样样,不不含含疑疑问问意意义义,只只是是具具有有较较强强的的语语意意,有有“凡凡是是,不不管管,无无论论”等意思。等意思。whenever等连接词也是如此。等连接词也是如此。Whatever he said wasnt true.他说的任何事情都不是真的。他说的任何事情都不是真的。2021/8/11 星期三46Wherever you are is my homemy only home.你在哪里哪里就是我的家你在哪里哪里就是我的家我惟一的家。我惟一的家。注意:注意:(1)从从句句作作主主语语谓谓语语动动词词常常用用单单数数,但但如如果果 what 引引导导的的从从句句作作主主语语,后后跟跟名名词词作作表表语语时时,谓谓语语动动词词则则由由表表语语名名词词的的数量决定。数量决定。What he told me is true.他告诉我的是真的。他告诉我的是真的。What he saw were some new comers.他看见的是些新来的人。他看见的是些新来的人。2021/8/11 星期三47(2)It is said that sb.do sth.的的复复合合句句形形式式可可转转化化为为简简单单句句sb.be said to do sth.,而而且且在在简简单单句句中中常常考考查查 to do 的的具具体体形形式。式。(3)it 引导的强调句与引导的强调句与 it 作形式主语的复合句的区别。作形式主语的复合句的区别。it 引引导导的的强强调调句句是是用用来来对对句句中中除除谓谓语语外外某某一一成成分分加加以以强强调调,其其结结构构为为“It is/was/was被被强强调调部部分分that/that/who.”。如如果果被被强强调调的的主主语语是是“人人”,则则可可用用 who 或或 that,如如果果被被强强调调的的部部分分是其他成分时,必须用是其他成分时,必须用 that。It was I that/who met John in the street yesterday.是我昨天在街上遇到了约翰。是我昨天在街上遇到了约翰。(强调主语强调主语)It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film.你没去看电影很可惜。你没去看电影很可惜。(主语从句,形式主语主语从句,形式主语it)2021/8/11 星期三48【链接训练链接训练】_ I dont understand is _ they have got into trouble.AThat;that BWhat;thatCWhat;what DThat;why【解解析析】what引引导导主主语语从从句句,在在从从句句中中作作understand的宾语;的宾语;that引导表语从句。引导表语从句。【答案答案