2023年12月四级真题第2套.doc

新题型2023年12月四级真题(第2套) Part Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying "Learning is a daily experience and a lifetime mission." You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of lifelong learning. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. _ 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 Part Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item. 1. A) To make sure the equality of Internet traffic. C) To help those who lag behind in Internet using. B) To guarantee people's right of using Internet. D) To create an open and equal environment. 2. A) He dedicates to expanding the crowd of using the Internet. B) He listed the entire roadmap to direct the operators except wireless ones. C) With his effort, the Internet servers could hold back video downloads. D) Genachowski's proposal made in his speech was strongly against by others. Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item. 3. A) He works for NATO troops. B) He was badly wounded in the gun battle. C) He had been caught last Saturday. D) He was doing interpretation when the gun battle happened. 4. A) When Stephen Farrell had been caught last week. B) When British troops tried to rescue him. C) When the battle happened between NATO and Taliban. D) When he worked as an interpreter in Britain. Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item. 5. A) Whether there is a steep decline in food aid since the 1990s. B) Whether food aid drives local farmers out of the market. C) Whether food aid displaces local products in developing countries. D) Whether food aid should be in the form of cash or agricultural products. 6. A) They can quickly purchase food in an emergency. B) They can flood markets with cheap imported food. C) They can help local farmers with their businesses. D) They can attract more donors all around the world. 7. A) Inflexible. B) Unworkable. C) Best. D) Effective. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Conversation One Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 8. A) From some of her friends. C) From a telephone directory. B) From the wanted column. D) From a television commercial. 9. A) She finished her secondary school. C) She graduated from an open university. B) She studied in a vocational college. D) She received full-time education abroad. 10. A) A British literature diploma. C) A tourism diploma. B) A shorthand and typing diploma. D) A crime and public security diploma. 11. A) She teaches an evening class. C) She is a policewoman. B) She works as a tour guide. D) She is a shorthand-typist. Conversation Two Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 12. A) It was interrupted for four years. C) It helps enlarge his customer network. B) It has been off and on for ten years. D) It provides him with career opportunities. 13. A) Traditional setting. C) Social games. B) Individualized service. D) Home-made beer. 14. A) The quality of beer. C) The atmosphere. B) The owner's attitude. D) The right location. 15. A) It makes retirees feel useful. C) It is a profitable business. B) It helps old people kill time. D) It is a rather tough job. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear three short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 Passage One Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. 16. A) It helps the user to escape reality. C) It hurts a person and those around them. B) It is becoming increasingly popular. D) It gives rise to serious social instability. 17. A) They take drugs to get high. C) They use drugs as medicine. B) They use drugs just for fun. D) They keep drug use a secret. 15. A) It is fatal to the user. C) It is the cause of various social problems. B) It is hard to get rid of. D) It is quite common in entertainment circles. Passage Two Questions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard. 19. A) Taking up exercises after recovery. C) Going on a diet upon leaving the hospital. B) Finding new ways to cure heart disease. D) Producing tasty healthy frozen food. 20. A) It was carefully tested with consumers. C) It was promoted by health organizations. B) It was disapproved by many diet experts. D) It was highly expected by the general public. 21. A) Competitive price. C) Low expectations. B) Vigorous promotion. D) Unique ingredients. 22. A) It has a positive implication for consumers. C) It matches the food's dark green packaging. B) It tricks the elders into impulse purchasing. D) It was suggested by the firm's vice-president. Passage Three Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. 23. A) It will be abolished sooner or later. C) It has to be approved by the Supreme Court. B) It is practiced in most of the states. D) It has drawn a lot of criticism from overseas. 24. A) What effect it might have on youngsters. B) What type of criminals should receive it. C) Whether there should be a minimum age limit for execution. D) Whether the practice should be allowed to continue in future. 25. A) The court sentenced him to life in prison for killing two friends. B) The governor changed his death sentence to life in prison. C) He was the fast minor to be executed in South Carolina. D) He was sentenced to death for a crime he committed as a minor. Part Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage. For many Americans, 2023 ended with an unusually bitter cold spell. Late November and December 26 early snow and bone-chilling temperatures in much of the country, part of a year when, for the fast time in two 27 , record-cold days will likely turn out to have outnumbered record-warm ones. But the U.S. was the exception: November was the warmest ever 28 , and current data indicates that 2023 is likely to have been the fourth hottest year on record. Enjoy the snow now, because 29 are good that 2023 will be even hotter, perhaps the hottest year since records have been kept. That's because, scientists are predicting, 2023 will be an El Niño year. El Niño, Spanish for "the child", 30 when surface ocean waters in the southern Pacific become abnormally warm. So large is the Pacific, covering 30% of the planet's surface, that the 31 energy generated by its warming is enough to touch off a series of weather changes around the world. El Niños are 32 with abnormally dry conditions in Southeast Asia and Australia. They can lead to extreme rain in parts of North and South America, even as southern Africa 33 dry weather. Marine life may be affected too: El Niños can 34 the rising of the cold, nutrient-rich (营养丰富的) water that supports large fish 35 , and the unusually warm ocean temperatures can destroy coral (珊瑚). 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 A) additional E) communicated I) logically M) reduce B) associated F) decades J) occurs N) saw C) bore G) experiences K) populations O) specific D) chances H) globally L) realize Section B Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. How to Eat Well A Why do so many Americans eat tons of processed food, the stuff that is correctly called junk (垃圾) and should really carry warning labels? B It's not because fresh ingredients are hard to come by. Supermarkets offer more variety than ever, and there are over four times as many farmers' markets in the U.S. as there were 20 years ago. Nor is it for lack of available information. There are plenty of recipes (食谱), how-to videos and cooking classes available to anyone who has a computer, smartphone or television. If anything, the information is overwhelming. C And yet we aren't cooking. If you eat three meals a day and behave like most Americans, you probably get at least a third of your daily calories (卡路里) outside the home. Nearly two-thirds of us grab fast food once a week, and we get almost 25% of our daily calories from snacks. So we're eating out or taking in, and we don't sit down-or we do, but we hurry. D Shouldn't preparing-and consuming-food be a source of comfort, pride, health, well-being, relaxation, sociability? Something that connects us to other humans? Why would we want to outsource (外包) this basic task, especially when outsourcing it is so harmful? E When I talk about cooking, I'm not talking about creating elaborate dinner parties or three-day science projects. I'm talking about simple, easy, everyday meals. My mission is to encourage green hands and those lacking time or money to feed themselves. That means we need modest, realistic expectations, and we need to teach people to cook food that's good enough to share with family and friends. F Perhaps a return to real cooking needn't be far off. A recent Harris poll revealed that 79% of Americans say they enjoy cooking and 30% "love it" 14% admit to not enjoying kitchen work and just 7% won't go near the stove at all. But this doesn't necessarily translate to real cooking, and the result of this survey shouldn't surprise anyone: 52% of those 65 or older cook at home five or more times per week; only a third of young people do. G Back in the 1950s most of us grew up in households where Mom cooked virtually every night. The intention to put a home-cooked meal on the table was pretty much universal. Most people couldn't afford to do otherwise. H Although frozen dinners were invented in the '40s, their popularity didn't boom until televisions became popular a decade or so later. Since then, packaged, pre-prepared meals have been what's for dinner. The microwave and fast-food chains were the biggest catalysts (催化剂), but the big food companies-which want to sell anything except the raw ingredients that go into cooking-made the home cook an endangered species. I Still, I find it strange that only a third of young people report preparing meals at home regularly. Isn't this the same crowd that rails against processed junk and champions craft cooking? And isn't this the generation who say they're concerned about their health and the well-being of the planet? If these are truly the values of many young people, then their behavior doesn't match their beliefs. J There have been half-hearted but well-publicized efforts by some food companies to reduce calories in their processed foods, but the Standard American Diet is still the polar opposite of the healthy, mostly plant-based diet that just about every expert says we should be eating. Considering that the government's standards are not nearly ambitious enough, the picture is clear: by not cooking at home, we're not eating the right things, and the consequences are hard to overstate. K To help quantify (量化) the costs of a poor diet, I recently tried to estimate this impact in terms of a most famous food, the burger (汉堡包). I concluded that the profit from burgers is more than offset (抵消) by the damage they cause in health problems and environmental harm. L Cooking real food is the best defense-not to mention that any meal you're likely to eat at home contains about 200 fewer calories than one you would eat in a restaurant. M To those Americans for whom money is a concern, my advice is simple: Buy what you can afford, and cook it yourself. The common prescription is to primarily shop the grocery store, since that's where fresh produce, meat and seafood, and dairy are. And to save money and still eat well you don't need local, organic ingredients; all you need is real food. I'm not saying local food isn't better; it is. But there is plenty of decent food in the grocery stores. N The other sections you should get to know are the frozen foods and the canned goods. Frozen produce is still produce; canned tomatoes are still tomatoes. Just make sure you're getting real food without tons of added salt or sugar. Ask yourself. Would Grandma consider this food? Does it look like something that might occur in nature? It's pretty much common sense: you want to buy food, not unidentifiable foodlike objects. O You-don't have to hit the grocery store daffy, nor do you need an abundance of skill. Since fewer than half of Americans say they cook at an intermediate level and only 20% describe their cooking skills as advanced, the crisis is one of confidence. And the only remedy for that is practice. There's nothing mysterious about cooking the even