高中英语不规则动词表(8页).docx

-高中英语不规则动词表-第 8 页高中英语不规则动词表王艳英一、规则动词的过去式由“动词原形+-ed”构成，具体变化有： 1. 直接在词尾加-ed。如: wantwanted, workworked, needneeded, cleancleaned 2. 以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。如：likeliked, livelived, useused, movemoved 3. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，先双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stopstopped, triptripped 4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先把y变成i，再加-ed。如：studystudied, carrycarried, hurryhurried, marrymarried 二、不规则动词变化，大体上归纳有以下六条记忆法： 1. 以t结尾的词，过去式与原形相同。如：putput, letlet, cutcut, beatbeat 2. 以d结尾的词，把d变成t。如:buildbuilt, lendlent, sendsent, spendspent 3. 以n结尾的词，在词后加t。如：meanmeant, burnburnt, learnlearnt 4. 以ow / aw结尾的词，把ow / aw变成ew。如：blowblew, drawdrew, knowknew, growgrew 5. 含有双写字母的词，将双写改为单写，在词尾加t。如：keepkept, sleepslept, feelfelt, smellsmelt 6. 含有元音字母o / i的词，将o / i变成a。如：singsang, givegave, sitsat, drinkdrank 三、不规则动词表动词原形中文意思过去式过去分词arise出现arosearisenawake醒来awokeawaked / awokenbaby-sit临时照顾baby-satbaby-satbe(am / is / are)是was / werebeenbeat击打beatbeatenbecome变成becamebecomebegin开始beganbegunbend使弯曲bentbentbet赌betbetbite咬bitbitten / bitblow吹blewblownbreak打破brokebrokenbring拿来broughtbroughtbuild建造builtbuiltburn燃烧burnt / burnedburnt / burnedbuy买boughtboughtcan能could×cast抛castcastcatch捕捉caughtcaughtchoose选择chosechosencome来camecomecost花费costcostcut割cutcutdeal分配dealtdealtdig挖dugdugdo / does做diddonedraw画，拉，拖drewdrawndream做梦dreamed / dreamtdreamed / dreamtdrink喝drankdrunkdrive驾驶drovedriveneat吃ateeatenfall掉落fellfallenfeed喂fedfedfeel触摸feltfeltfight作战foughtfoughtfind找出foundfoundfly飞flewflownforbid禁止forbade / forbadforbiddenforget忘记forgotforgot / forgottenforgive原谅forgaveforgivenfreeze结冰frozefrozenget得到gotgotgive给gavegivengo去wentgonegrow成长grewgrownhang挂 / 绞死hung / hangedhung / hangedhave / has有hadhadhear听到heardheardhide隐藏hidhidden / hidhit打hithithold拿住heldheldhurt受伤hurthurtkeep保持keptkeptknow知道knewknownlay放置laidlaidlead引导ledledlearn学习learnt / learnedlearnt / learnedleave离开leftleftlend借贷lentlentlet让letletlie躺laylainlight点着lit / lightedlit / lightedlose遗失lostlostmake制作mademademay可以might×mean表意思meantmeantmeet遇到metmetmistake误认mistookmistakenmisunderstand误会misunderstoodmisunderstoodpay支付paidpaidprove证明provedproved / provenput放置putputquit放弃quit / quittequit / quittedread读readreadrebuild改建rebuiltrebuiltretell复述retoldretoldrid免除rid / riddedrid / riddedride骑roderiddenrise上升roserisenrun跑ranrunsaw锯sawedsawed / sawnsay说saidsaidsee看sawseenseek寻觅soughtsoughtsell卖soldsoldsend送 / 寄sentsentset安置setsetsew缝合sewedsewn / sewedshake摇shookshakenshall将should×shine发光shoneshone擦亮shinedshinedshoot放（炮）shotshotshow显露showedshowed / shownsing唱歌sangsungsink下沉sank / sunksunk / sunkensit坐satsatsleep睡sleptsleptsmell发出气味smeltsmeltsow种植sowedsown / sowedspeak说spokespokenspell拼写spelt / spelledspelt / spelledspend花费spentspentspit吐出spat / spitspat / spitspring跳跃sprang / sprungsprungstand站立stoodstoodsteal偷stolestolensweep打扫sweptsweptswim游泳swamswumtake拿tooktakenteach教taughttaughttear撕裂toretorntell告诉toldtoldthink思考thoughtthoughtthrow投 / 扔threwthrownunderstand了解understoodunderstoodwake醒着woke / wakedwaked / wokenwear穿着worewornwet淋湿wet / wettedwet / wettedwill将would×win获胜wonwonwrite书写wrotewritten附录1、现在分词变化规则：1 .一般情况下直接加ingthink-thinking sleep-sleeping study-studyingspeak-speaking say-saying2 .以不发音的字母e结尾的单词，去掉字母e，再加ingwake-waking make-making come-comingtake-taking leave-leaving have-havingdance-dancing ride-riding write-writing3.以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅，元，辅”结构的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing stop-stopping sit-sitting run-runningforget-forgetting begin-beginning4. 以ie结尾的动词，把ie改为y ，再加ing lie-lying5.以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅，元，辅”结构的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing 。begin，cut, get, hit, run, sit, stop, set, swim, fit, dig, forget等。附录2、第三人称单数变化规则1、直接在动词后+s 例如： like- likes play-plays 2、以s, x, sh, ch, 接尾的动词：+es 例如： wash-washes3、以辅音+o接尾的动词：+es 例如： go-goes4、以辅音+y接尾的动词：变y为i+es 例如： fly-flies附录3、名词单复数变化规则+口诀一、可数名词都有单数和复数之分。A: 规则的可数名词的复数变化规则：1.一般情况加 s ： book- books mouth-mouths house-houses girl-girls2.以 s 、 sh 、 ch 、 x结尾的加 es ： class- classes box-boxes match-matches 3.辅音字母 + y结尾的变 y为 i加es： city-cities country-countries party-parties factory-factories 4.以 o 结尾的词 +es的只有以下词 ：heroes Negroes tomatoes potatoes zeroes/zeros 以 o 结尾并且词尾有两个元音字母 +s radios, zoos, bamboos ,(pianos ,kilos photos)5.以f， fe 结尾的 变f或fe为v +es ： thief wife life knife wolf half leaf shelfThe thiefs wife killed three wolves with some leaves and knives in half of her life. B: 名词词尾的读音规则：A 在 p t k f等清辅音后读s cups， hats， cakes， roofs B. 在s z t等音后读iz glasses, faces, roses.C.在其他情况下读作z beds days cities knives.D.以th结尾的词原来读 加词尾后多数读 如： mouthmouths pathpaths ; 但是也有不变化的，如： monthmonths, ninthninths, youthyouths.C: 不规则的可数名词的变化规则：小老鼠爬灯台，偷油吃下不来。男人当警察，保护妇女跟儿童；英国人的牙咬了法国人的脚；养了一头日本羊，送给了中国人；养了一头鹿跟鹅，卖给了瑞士人。1.manmen, womanwomen, toothteeth, footfeet, goosegeese childchildren, mousemice,2.单复数相同: sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese Swiss. 3.以man, woman 修饰名词构成合成词时,两个词都变化. man servantmen servants. (boy/girl students)woman doctorwomen doctors.