八年级英语下册 Unit2《I’ll help to clean up the city parks》习题精选2 (新版)人教新目标版.doc
最新资料推荐Unit 2 Ill help clean up the city parks.Section A知能新视窗本节主要学习提供帮助的表达的语句;学习运用clean up, cheer up , give out, put, off ,set up 等动词短语。名师开小灶1-Id like to work outside .我想到外面去做点事。-You could do sth. 你可以帮助打扫城市公园。(1)help 后所跟动词不定式可带to 也可不带。如:I help (to)cook after school. 放学后我帮忙做饭。(2)clean up 动词短语,“打扫干净,清除”。如:The waiter hurried to clean up the pieces of the broken plates.服务员赶快把盘碟的碎片打扫干净。拓展有关clean 的短语:clean down 把刷洗(或擦洗)干净;彻底打扫clean out把打扫干净;把清空;把清除出来clean up on 胜过 Cleanup Day 清洁日2.Id like to cheer up sick kids.我想让生病的孩子高兴起来。(1)本句早一个简单句。Id like=I would like=I want,后常加名词或不定式作宾语。(2)sick kids 意为“生病的孩子”。sick作为形容词,即可作定语,也可作表语。当sick作定语时,可意为“生病的,有病的”;当sick作表语时,还可意为“恶心,想吐;厌烦,讨厌”。如:Jane is taking care of her sick mother.(sick作定语,意为“生病的”)简正在照看她生病的母亲。The boy always feels sick when he travels by car.(sick作表语,意为“恶心,想吐”)那个男孩坐汽车旅行时总是想吐。John is sick of his job.(sick 作表语,意为“厌烦”)约翰对他的工作感到厌烦。3You could give out food at a food bank.你可以在食物救济站分发食物。(1)本句是“情态动词+动词原形”合成作谓语的简单句。give out在此意为“分发”,它还可意为“发表,宣布;精疲力尽”。如:The date of the election will be given out soon.选举的日期很快就会宣布。The horse gave out.马跑不动了。(2)本句中could是情态动词,意思是“可以”。如:We could put up signs.我们可以张贴标牌。4.We cant put off making a plan.Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now.我们不能推迟做计划。清洁日从现在起只有两周了。(1)本句put off是短语动词,是“动词+副词,相当于及物动词,后常加动名词。如:Dont put off until tomorrow what can be done today.今天可以做的事情不要拖到明天去做。He decided to put off going to Beijing.他决定延期去北京。(2)put off也可意为“敷衍”。如:He tried to put me off with vague promises.他企图以含糊的允诺来敷衍我。5.He looks sad.Lets cheer him up.他看起来难过。咱们让他高兴起来吧。(1)本句look sad意为“看起来难过”,look在此是系动词,其后接形容词,作表语,类似的词还有smell“闻起来”;sound“听起来”;taste“尝起来”;feel“摸上去”。如:The cake tastes good.蛋糕尝起来很好。The voice sounds sweet.这声音听起来很美。(2)本句中cheer up是个短语动词。在英语中一些动词与介词或副词等连用在一起构成固定词组,叫做短语动词。关于短语动词的用法请见后面的语法讲解部分。6.Were going to set up a food bank to help hungry people.我们准备建立一个食物救济站来帮助饥饿的人们。(1)本句用的是一般将来时态“主语+be going to+动词原形+宾语”。不定式to help hungry people在句中作目的的状语。set up在此是个短语动词,由“动词+副词”构成,意为“创立,建立”。如:They needed money to set up a special school for blind children.他们需要资金为肓童开办一所特别学校。(2)set up也可意为“竖立,架起,建筑”。如:Two new bridges have been set up between Pudong and Puxi.在浦东和浦西之间架起了两座新桥。7.We need to come up with some ideas.我们需要提出一些建议。(1)come up with是个短语动词,由“动词+副词+介词”构成,相当于及物动词,意为“提出,提供”。如:I hope you can come up with a better plan than this.我希望你们能提出比这个更好的计划。(2)come up with也可意为“赶上”。如:We have to work hard to come up with them.我们必须努力工作,赶上他们。(3)need在本句中作为实义动词,后常跟名词或不定式,特别在肯定句中,注意时态、人称和数的变化。如:We need some teachers.我们需要一些老师。We need to wear warm clothes.我们需要穿上暖和的衣服。8.Being a volunteer is great!当一个志愿者是伟大的!(1)本句是个简单句。being a volunteer是动名词短语在句中作主语。如:Getting up early is a good habit.早起是个好习惯。(2)volunteer在此作为可数名词,意为“志愿者”;volunteer 也可作为不及物动词,意为“自愿”,常与to do sth或for连用,也可作为及物动词使用。如:They are the Chinese peoples volunteers.(名词)他们是中国人民志愿军。I volunteer to help you.我自愿帮助你。(动词)本文出现的句子还有:These three students all volunteer their time to help other people.(动词)这三个学生都是自愿帮助别人的。This volunteer work takes each of them several hours a week.(形容词)这种志愿工作花费了他们每个人一周几个小时的时间。The three students plan to set up a student volunteer project at their school.(名词)这三个学生计划在他们学校启动一个学生志愿工程。9.she puts this love to good use by working in the after-school care center at her local elementaryschool.她把这种爱好很好地用在了当地小学的课后辅导中心工作中。(1)本句是个比较长的简单句。put.to意为“放在”。Use在此作为名词。介词词组by working在此作方式状语。In the after-school care center与at her local elementary school两个介词短语在句中作地点状语。(2)在词组care center中,care作为名词,充当center的定语,即名词作定语。除man,woman,sport外,其他名词作定语时,无论它们所修饰的名词是单数还是复数,作定语的名词只能用单数形式。而man,woman的单复数常与后面的各词保持一致。sports 作定语总以复数形式出现如:an apple tree 一棵苹果树banana trees 香蕉树two men doctors两名男医生a woman teacher 一位女教师sports shoes运动鞋10.Pei loves animals,and plans to study to be a veterinarian when he leaves school.培喜欢动物,并打算毕业后学习当一名兽医。(1)本句是复合句。从句when he leaves school 是由when引导的时间状语从句。leave school意为“毕业”。plan to do sth意为“计划做某事”。如:We are planning to start next week.我们打算下周出发。(2)plan to意为“打算”。如:I plan to go to Beijing next week.我打算下周去北京。11.He spends every Saturday morning working in an animal hospital.他每个星期六早晨到一家动物医院工作。本句是简单句。spend 作为及物动词,意为“花费”,它的主语必须是人,常用句型:Sb spend+时间或金钱on sth/(in)doing sth“某人花费时间或金钱在上/做某事”。如:He doesnt spend much time on his homework.他在做作业上没有花多少时间。12.Not only do I feel good about helping other people, but I get to spend time doing what I love to do.帮助别人我不仅感觉好,而且我还能花时间去做我喜欢的事。(1)本句是由not onlybut(also)连接的两个分句。其中not为否定词,位于句首时句子要部分倒装。并且只有连接两个分句时,才能倒装第一个分句。如:Not only did Mike pass the exam, but also he got good marks.迈克不仅通过了考试,而且他还得了高分。(2)what I love to do 作第二个分句doing的宾语从句,用陈述语序。实战演练场夯实基础一、 选用方框内所给的短语完成下列句子。clean up, set up , put off, think up , come out1.Do you have to do it right away?Yes, we cant _it _.2.I hate doing this kind of work. Well,_! Well finish it soon.3. Whats the last thing we have to do ?We have to _ after the party.4.What do we have to do for the party?We have to _ some new ideas for games.5What are you going to do help the hungry people?Were going to _ a food bank to help them.二、 根据中文意思完成英文句子,每空一词。1 野餐过后你一定要收拾干净。You should always _ _ after a picnic.2 当他们听到这个好消息时,他们都欢呼了起来。They all_ _ when they heard this good news.3 我们不能拖延制定计划了。We cant_ _ _ a plan.4 你能想出一个解决这个问题的方法吗?Can you _ _ _ a good idea to solve this problem?5 他们在城市中心建了一个大广场。They _ _ a big square in the center of the city.三、 根据汉语意思完成单词。1. Chinese people have got rid of _(饥饿).2. Many children became _(无家可归) after the flood.3. Cant you see the_ (标牌)”No parking ”at the corner?4. I cant stand the _(广告) that suddenly appear when the TV plays are on.5. We have decided to_(建立) a new department.四、 单项选择。( )1.I want to help hungry people. You could_ food at a food bank.A . give out B. take out C. work out D. check out ( )2.You could visit _ children in the hospital and _ them_.A.ill, set , up B. sick, clean, up C.sick, cheer, up D.ill, give ,up ( )3.Jim, could you help me _ my homework?A.on B. in C.about D. with( )4. We cant put off _ a plan .A.make B. to make C.making to making ( ).5.Not only Jim but also Mr Wang _ very happy today.A. feel B.feels C. is feel D. are feeling能力提升五、 情景交际。在空白处填写单词,使对话意义完整。W:Would you like to _1_ the school volunteer project?M: Yes. _2_is great! But Im not _3_ what I should do.W:What about helping _4_ people in the hospital?M:Thats a good idea.Not only can I _5_them up , _6_also I can have a good experience.W: Now lets have breakfast _7_.And then lets go together.M: What shall I bring?W: _8_,oh , no .You can get some flowers.Section B知能新视窗本节重要熟悉并运用上节课所学set up, cheer up, put off ,clean up等动词短语。训练听力和阅读技能。名师开小灶1.I take after my mother.我与我妈妈相像。take after是短语动词,即“动词+介词”,意为“(在外貌、性格等方面)与相像”。如:The girl takes after her father, she has the same black hair,big eyes and quick temper.这女孩很像她父亲,她有着和父亲一样的黑头发、大眼睛和急性子。He take after his father in mathematical ability.他有着和他父亲一样的数学才能。2.I dont have any more of it.我不再有它了。句中notany more意为“不再”(=no more)。如:The tiger feels full now.It doesnt eat any more.现在那只虎感觉吃饱了。它不再吃了。3.I fixed it up.我修理它。在本句中,fix up 意为“修理”。它还可以意为“解决;安顿,照应”。如:He fixed up a dispute.他解决了争端。We were fixed up for the night in a hotel.我们被安顿在招待所过夜。4.Last week everyone was trying to cheer up Jimmy the Bike Boy.上周大家都尽力使自行车男孩吉米振作起来。本句是简单句,the Bike Boy作Jimmy的同位语。cheer up 是短语动词,意为“使振作”。try to do sth 意为“尽力做某事”。如:You must try to say it in English.你必须尽量用英语说。5.On Monday he told a radio interviewer that he had run out of money to buy old bikes.星期一他告诉一家电台记者,他为了买旧自行车把钱都花光了。(1) 本句是复合句。On Mondayinterviewer是主句,thatbikes是由that引导的宾语从句。主句用一般过去时,从句的动作发生在主句之前,即过去的过去,用过去完成时,谓语部分由“had+过去分词”构成。如:He said he had finished his homework.他说他已经完成了作业。(2) 不定式to buy old bikes 在从句中作目的状语。如:He came to visit his aunt.他来拜访他的姑姑。(3)run out of 是短语动词,由“动词+副词+介词”构成,意为“(某物)用完,(非正式)把(某人)逐出”。如:The tractor operator said that he was running out of fuel oil.拖拉机操作者说他的燃油快用完了。They ran him out of the town.他们把他逐出了该镇。拓展run out与run out of (1) run out“用完了”(=become used up),其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等名词。如:His money soon ran out,他的钱很快就花光了。(2) run out of“用完了”,表主动含义,主语一般是人。He is always running out of money before pay day.他总是发工资的日子还没到就把钱花完了。(3)run out of 还有“从流出”“跑出”意思;run out 也有“流出的”意思,但不可接宾语。6.He also put to up some signs asking for old bikes and called up all his friends and told them about the problem.他还贴了一些征集旧自行车的告示,并给他所有的朋友打电话告诉他们这件事。(1)本句是简单句。and 连接三个并列短语动词:put up, call up ,tell sb about sth。分词短语asking for old bikes 作signs的后置定语。(2)put up是“动词+介词”构成的短语动词,意为“建造,搭起;张贴”。如:The two men put up two looms and pretended to be working very hard.那两个人支起了两台织布机假装开始努力地工作。He is putting up a notice. 他正张贴布告。(3) call up也是“动词+介词”的短语动词,意为“打电话;回忆起”。如:He called up his good friends just now.他刚刚给他的好朋友们打电话了。The sound of seagulls called up happy memories of his childhood.海鸥的叫声唤起他对童年的幸福记忆。7.He even handed out advertisements at a local supermarket.他甚至还在当地超市发放广告。(1)本句是个简单句。hand out是个短语动词,相当于及物动词,意为“分发、发放;聚集”。如:He handed out some apples to everyone.他给每个人发了一些苹果。On weekends I like to hand out at the sports club with my friends.周未我愿意和我的朋友们聚集在体育俱乐部。(2)even 在此作为副词,用来强调语气,意为“甚至(也),连(都)”。even 可与动词、副词、形容词、名词连用。如:I havent even thought of it.这个我连想都没想过。(even+动词)Even a child can understand it.连小孩子都明白。(even+名词)8.The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 他提出的这个策略效果很好。(1)本句是复合句,其中that he came up with是定语从句修饰先行词strategies。关系代词that起连接作用,而且在从句中作宾语。(2)work out是“动词+副词”构成的短语动词,相当于及物动词,在句中意为“结局;结果为”。(3)work out还可意为“消耗完(精力等);算出;制订出”。如:He never seems to be worked out.他好像永远不会疲乏似的。Ive worked outour total expenses at 3 300 yuan.算下来,我们总共用330元。He worked out a plan.他制订了一个计划。9.He now has sixteen bikes to fix up and give away to children who dont have bikes.他现在有16辆自行车要修理并赠送给没有自行车的孩子。(1)本句中不定式to fix up作bikes 的后置定语,定语从句who dont have bikes修饰先行词children。who 在此指人,在从句中作主语。如:He has something important to say.我有一些重要的事情要说。(不定式作后置定语)I was the only person in my office who was invited.在我们办公室里我是唯一一个被邀请的人。(定语从句)(2)give away 在句中意为“赠送”,还可意为“泄露”。如:Didnt you give my secret away?你没有把我的秘密泄露出去吧? 实战演练场夯实基础一、根据所给的汉语意思,完成下列单词。1.Look at this _ (标牌).It says “No smoking”.2.The_(策略)that he came up with worked out well. 3.Jim is _ (相似的)to his brother.4.You could _(训练) a basketball team for kids.5.Theres something wrong with my bike.Can you_ (修理) it?二、从A、B、C、D四个选项中找出一个意义不同的选项。( )1. A set up B. look after C. establish D. set off( )2.A.take after B. be similar to C.look like D. hand out ( )3.A. give out B.put away C.give away D.no more( )4. A. notany more B.no longer Cnot at all D.no more( )5.A.work out B. mend C.fix up D. repair三、 用所给词的正确形式填空。1.I _ (give )away some of my books to charities yesterday.2.Even got a toy, the little boy didnt stop _ (cry).3.Could you come up with some ideas for_ (clean) up the city parks?4.Would you please_ (hand ) out the presents at the childrens party?5. This book is very _ (help) to me. 6.The twins take after _ (they) parents.7.Have you _ (fix) up the old bicycle?8.Jimmy_ (sell)bikes every day.9.He had run out of money _ (buy) books.10.Why did he tell the _ (interview)?四、句型转换。1.The girl looks like her mother very much.(改为同义句)The girl _ _ her mother very much.2.My teacher told me.Dont be late again.(合并为同义句) My teacher told me_ _ be late again. 3.Water and food have run out. (改为同义句)We have _ _ _water and food.4.Well set up a music club in our school.(对画给部分提问)_ _ _ set up a music club?5.His father makes a telephone call to him every day.(改为一般疑问句)_his father _ a telephone call to him every day ?6. He is talking to his friednds on the phone. (改为同义句)He is _ _ his friends . 能力提升五、完形填空。Jimmy is a schoolboy. He likes old bikes very much.He _1_ all his money _2_ old bikes. He also _3_ some signs _4_old bikes and called _5_all his friends and told them about this problem.He even_6_ advertisements at a local supermarket.Then his teachers and clssmates knew this and they wanted to help him.They _7_ a call-in center for people who wants to _8_ Jimmy.The strategies that he came up with _9_ fine. He now has sixteen bikes _10_ and give away to children who dont have bikes. He is very happy now. ( ) 1.A.ran out B. ran out of C.give out D. put out ( )2.A.bought B.ran out of C.give out D.put out ( )3.A.put up B.buy C.to buy D.for buying( ) 4.A.ask to B. ask for C. to ask about D.asking for ( )5.A.to B.up C. with D.on( )6.A. handed in B.handed out C.gives away D.given out ( )7.A.built B.made C.start D.set up ( )8. take after B.put off C.cheer up D.clean up ( )9.A.working on B.working out C.worked out D.to work on ( ) 10.A.fix up B.repair up C.fixing up D.to fix up Self Check知能新视窗本节主要复习Section A和Section B中所学的知识,训练阅读能力。名师开小灶1. Now she will be able to continue her lessons.现在能够继续她的学业。(1)continue作为不及物动词,意为继续;廷伸;依旧“。如:How far does this road continue?(廷伸)这条路全长多少?The weather continued fine.(依旧)天气仍然很好。(2)continue 作为及物动词,意为“继续”。如:The meeting will be continued after a rest. 休息后再继续开会。(3)固定搭配:continue to do /doing sth. “继续做某事”。如:Henry continued to live “living with his parents after his marriage.享利婚后继续与父母生活在一起。2.Ive been trying to cheer his up for twenty minutes. He wont stop crying. 我花了20分钟竭尽全力地让他高兴,他还是没有停止哭。本句中have been trying 是现在完成进行时。它表示 动作从过去某一个时间点开始一直持续到现在,现在可能仍在继续。它是现在完成时的一种强调形式。而现在完成时则表示动作到说话时刻已经结束。如:She has been working there for four hours.(动作可能似在继续)她在那儿一直工作4个小时了。I have painted the room.(动作已经结束)我已经漆完了房间。实战演练场夯实基础一、根据首字母及句间思完成下列各句。1 Our Engling teacher h _ out the exam papers just now.2 He c _ up with an idea to the problem.3 His uncle t _ after his gradmother.4 Dont be sad .You should c _ up. 5 Father is still working,Lets p _ our supper off till 8:00 p.m.6 They wanted to s _ up a library.7 He r _ out of money for singing lesson.8 Im sorry that I didnt o _ any food to them.9 We all v _ to plant trees for 2008 Olympics.10 Uncle Wang helped us f _ up the computer.二、选择方框中的单词或短语,并适当的形式填空。cheer up,clean up,call up,hand out,take after,put up,give away,hang out,wo