2022-2023学年福建省厦门实验中学高二(上)期中英语试卷(附答案详解).docx
2022.2023学年福建省厦门实验中学高二(上)期中英语试卷ABioluminescence (生物荧光)is to California as the Aurora Borealis is to the Arctic.These events occur when single-celled organisms, known as dinoflagellates (甲藻),suddenly give off a kind of light after being disturbed.They're most common in spring and into summer, especially during years with a combination of good rains and warm weather.Here are a few tips to help you witness bioluminescence: Monitor Social MediaThe first reports of a bioluminescence event are likely to show upon Instagram and Twitter, which are easily searchable.You can also setup a warning on Google that will round up news coverage. Check With AquariumsSuch institutions as the Birch Aquarium in La Jolla, the Aquarium of the Pacific in Long Beach, and the Monterey Bay Aquarium in Monterey might post updates on their websites or social media feeds, especially if bioluminescence is happening locally.Find a Dark LocationIf bioluminescence is ongoing, try to find a stretch of coast that's as far away from light as possible.Get out before the moon rises for the best conditions and some experts also suggest that two hours after sunset is a good bet Give your eyes time to adjust and use your flashlights red light, which will keep your vision adjusted to the darkness.Track HotspotsThe best displays can vary from night tonight, so check again on social media for updates.The environmental website Treehugger named San Diego one of the world's eight best places to see bioluminescence.Meanwhile, north of San Francisco at Point Reyes National Seashore, To males Bay is a dependable spot for bioluminescence and you can go out on guided trips with Blue Waters Kayaking.1. What kind of condition is better for witnessing bioluminescence? A. Hot dry weather.B. Warm rainy weather.C. Cold rainy weather.D. Cold dry weather.2. What should you stay away from when witnessing bioluminescence? A. Water.B. Sunset.C. Darkness. D. Light.3. Where maybe the best place to see bioluminescence? A. In La Jolla.B. In Long Beach.C. In San Diego.D. In San Francisco.答案和解析13.【答案】B、D、C【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第一段中 They Te most common in spring and into summer, especially during years with a combination of good rains and warm weather.(它们在春季和夏季最常见,尤其 是在雨水充足、天气温暖的年份。)可知,更适合观察生物发光的是温暖多雨的天气。故选B。(2)细节理解题。根据第四段中 If bioluminescence is ongoing, try to find a stretch of coast that's as far away from light as possible.(如果生物发光正在进行,试着找一段远离光的海岸线。)可知, 在观看生物荧光现象的时候要远离光源。故选D。(3)细节理解题。根据第五段中 The environmental website Treehugger named San Diego one of the world's eight best places to see bioluminescence.(环保网站 Treehugger 将圣地亚哥评为世界上观看生 物发光的八个最佳地点之一。)可知,环保网站Treehugger将圣地亚哥评为世界上观看生物发光 的八个最佳地点之一。故选C。本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几种可以帮助我们更好地观看生物荧光现象的技巧。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。47 .【答案】C、B、D、B【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第二段中When Iwas 9,I had an extremely high temperature.A nurse rudely stuck the needle into my arm,causing a sharp pain.I avoided having blood taken from my body for the next years. (9 岁的时候, 有 次我发高烧。一个护士粗鲁地把针扎进了我的手臂,引起了一阵剧痛。在接下来的几年里,我就 躲避从身体里抽血。)可知,糟糕的医疗经历导致了作者的恐惧症。故选C。(2)推理判断题。根据第三段中Talking about personal problems to a medically licensed stranger was uncommon in my family.(在我家 里,和一个有行医执照的陌生人谈论个人问题是很罕见的。)以及Mother所说Hell just put you on drugs.Can't you get over this yourself?(他只会给你开些药。难道你自己不能 克服吗?)可知,作者的母亲不赞成她与M医生的预约。故选B。(3)推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中 As he gently pressed the needle into my flesh,I felt dizzy and breathed deeply.After a few minutes,I looked at the needle.lt wasn't so bad.I didn't pass out.(他轻轻地把针扎进我的肉里,我感到头晕目 眩,深深地呼吸着。几分钟后,我看着针。也没那么糟。我没有昏过去。)以及Dr.M所说 Youe doing well (你做得很好。)可知,作者的治疗比预期的更顺利。故选D。(4)主旨大意题。通读全文,根据最后一段中Sometimes,we have to leave our comfort zone and face our fears.And this can lead to freedom in the end.(有时候, 我们必须离开舒适区,直面恐惧。而这最终会带来自由。)可知,本文讲述了作者由于小时候的 经历,一直害怕抽血,最后在精神医生的帮助下,走出舒适区,直面恐惧,最终摆脱恐惧的故事。 选项B”走向我们害怕的地方”符合主题,故选B。本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者由于小时候的经历,一直害怕抽血,最后在精神医生的帮助下, 走出舒适区,直面恐惧,最终摆脱恐惧的故事。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。811 .【答案】B、D、A、D【解析】(1)推理判断题。根据第一段Wind and solar could meet more than 80 percent of demand in many places without crazy amounts of sto rage or additional generating ability, which is the critical point (临界点),(风能和太阳能可以满 足许多地方80%以上的需求,而不需要大量的存储或额外的发电能力,这是关键)以及 if we want to have a zero-carbon emission (抖F放) future without using fossil energy resources (如果 我们想在不使用化石能源的情况下拥有一个零碳排放的未来)可推知,Steve Davis提到“临界点” 是为了说明通过使用风能和太阳能可以减少碳排放。故选Bo(2)细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的a full shift to sustainable power resources can be easier for lower-latitude (低纬度的) countries, which can rely on solar power availability throughout the year (对于纬度较低的国家来说,完全转向 可持续能源可能更容易,因为这些国家全年都可以依靠太阳能发电)以及第三段countries which are farther from the equator (赤道)can occasionally experience periods during which there is very limited solar and wind power availa bility (离赤道较远的国家偶尔会遇到太阳能和风能可用性非常有限的时期)可知,一个国家的地 理位置越接近赤道,就越可能全年依靠太阳能。故选D。(3)词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句中的to make the burden lighter to a certain country (减轻某 个国家的负担)可推知,划线词所在句表示研究人员提出的缓解这一问题的方法包括发展发电能 力、发展长期储存能力并将一个大陆上多个国家的资源集中起来,以减轻某个国家的负担。由此 可推知,划线词应意为“减轻,缓解”,与A项意思相近。A.Ease.减轻;B.Stress.强调;C.Accept. 接受;D.Arrange.安排。故选A。(4)推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句中的pooling resources of multiple nations on a continental land mass (将多个国家的资源集中在一块大陆 上)以及最后一段第一句中的Europe provides a good example to help people produce net-zero carbon electricity (在帮助人们生产净 零碳电力方面,欧洲提供了一个很好的例子)和下文所列举的几个国家可推知,Tong旨在强调处 于同一个区域里的国家可以互相合作,利用风能和太阳能来制造零碳电力。故选D。本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对处于低纬度的工业化国家来说,风能与太阳能的结合能够 满足其对电力80%以上的需求。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。1215.【答案】D、A、B、C【解析】(1)推理判断题。由第一段中Over the past decades, experts have done a considerable amount of research to explore different ways to encourage children's le arning.(在过去的几十年里,专家们做了大量的研究,探索鼓励儿童学习的不同方法。)及下文 However, there has been less of a focus aimed at the potential of integrating (合并)physical activity into the learning activities.(然而,很少有人关注将身体活动整合到学习活动 中的潜力。)可知,引出下文的研究,与D项”解释研究的原因。”表达的意思一致。故选D。(2)推理判断题。由第四段中Both the math and basketball elements could be adjusted to suit the children's levels, as well as being adjusted for whether it was addition, multiplication or some other operations that needed to be practiced (数学和篮球元素都可以根据孩子 们的水平进行调整,也可以根据加法、乘法或其他需要练习的运算进行调整)与A项”它为不同的 孩子量身定制活动。”表达意思一致。故选A。(3)细节理解题。由第五段中The results showed that children's motivation for math integrated with basketball was 16% higher compa red to classroom math learning.Children also experienced a 14% increase in self-determination compare d with classroom teaching.(结果表明,与课堂数学学习相比,儿童的数学与篮球结合的动机要高 16%o与课堂教学相比,孩子们的自决权也提高了 14%。)可见数学与篮球结合,有助于学习。 与B项”渴望学习数学的愿望的增加。”意义一致。故选B。(4)推理判断题。由最后一段we hope that they will inspire school teachers and principals to prioritize (优先处 理)more physical activity and movement in such subjects.Eventually,we hope to succeed in putting these tools into school system and teacher education (我们希望他们能激 励学校老师和校长们优先考虑在这些科目中更多的体育活动和运动。最终,我们希望能成功地将 这些工具应用到学校系统和教师教育中)可知,与C项”将体育活动融入教学中。”表达一致。故 选C。本文是一篇说明文,介绍了将篮球和数学结合起来的学习活动可以激发孩子们的学习动力,有助 于数学的学习。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确 把握作者观点,再作出正确的选择。162() .【答案】D、C、B、G、E【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据上文When you look good,you feel good.So take pride in your appearance.Make it a point to practice good hygiene (卫生), and get dressed each morning like you are going to work .(当你看起来不错的时候,你就会感觉很好, 所以要为你的外表感到骄傲。注意保持良好的卫生习惯,每天早上穿得像去上班一样。)可知, 本段主要围绕通过改善自己外貌来提高自信展开。D选项"Make efforts to improve your叩pearance. 努力改善你的外表"符合本段主旨。故选D。(2)推理判断题。根据下文But it shows you can still accomplish new things and find enjoyment in them.This also reminds you that its okay to make mistakes, so you can improve and grow, which helps build self-confidence.(但它表 明你仍然可以完成新的事情并从中找到乐趣。这也提醒你,犯错是可以的,所以你可以改进和成 长,这有助于建立自信。)中的but可知,空处与下文为转折关系,且下文提到了”完成新的事情 “和“犯错”。由此推知,空处陈述犯错之后重新开始很难。beginner呼应下文accomplish new thingso C选项"Being a beginner again is tough.再次成为初学者很难。”符合题意,故选C。(3)主旨大意题。空处为本段主旨句。根据下文"Find a fitness challenge that you need to overcome, create a plan,and then work to meet that goal.Any form of exercise is beneficial for both physical and mental health.(找到你需要克服的健身挑战,制定计划,然后努力实现目标。任何形式的锻炼都有利于身心健 康。)”可知,本段建议在身体上给自己一些挑战。physically呼应下文的physical。B选项 "Challenge yourself physically.在身体上给自己一些挑战。”符合题意,可以作为主旨句,故选B。(4)推理判断题。根据上文 It's not easy to go out and interact with people as you age.(随着年龄的 增长,外出与人互动并不容易。)和下文 Lack of confidence can make socializing a challenge, so it is a good idea to volunteer.(缺乏自信会使社交成为一种挑战,做志愿者是个好主意。)可知, 上文指出随着年龄的增长与他人互动不容易,下文指出缺乏自信使社交成为挑战。由此推知,空 处承上启下,指出没有自信让与他人的互动变得更加困难。,this指代上文的”外出与人互动并不 容易'这件事,confident与下文confidence呼应。G选项"And this is even harder when you feel less confident.当你感到不自信时,这就更难了。”符合题意故 选G。(5)细节理解题。根据上文Never be afraid to seek help when you need it.(当你需要帮助时,不要 害怕寻求帮助。)再结合空处所处位置推知,此处总结本段,提醒大家不要忘了相互帮助的好处。 E选项"It/s always a good thing to help each other.互相帮助总是件好事。”符合题意,help是关键词。 故选Eo这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了提高自信心的方法。“七选五”选择题,主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和 掌握。解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1.理清文章的逻辑和结构,2.在所给的原文中找出关键词 或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项,关键词则能帮助你 确定更多的细节,排除相近的选。得出正确的答案。2135.【答案】B、D、A、D、C、B、A、B、D、C、A、B、C、D、C【解析】(1)考查名词及语境理解。A.accident事故;B.misfortune不幸;C.result结果;D.difference 不同。结合上文的"becoming motherless”和下文的"he was missing a foot”可知,失去妈妈并不是这 只小考拉唯一的不幸,它还少了一只脚。故答案为B。(2)考查动词及语境理解。A.suspected怀疑;B.wondered想知道;C.concluded推断出;D.spotted 发现。此处表示这位来自Friends of the Koala的救助者(即Marley Christian)还注意到小考拉少 了一只脚。故答案为D。(3)考查动词及语境理解。A.cover覆盖;B.cure治愈;C.warm温暖;D.solidify (使)变得坚定。 结合常识以及下文的"his stump (残肢),which helped ease the discomfort Triumph felt"可知,Marley 给小考拉的残肢套上了袜子,这样能够帮助减轻它的不适感。故答案为A。(4)考查名词及语境理解。A.emphasis强调;B.hope希望;C.burden负担;D.weight重量。根据 前文he was missing a foot.可知小考拉少了一只脚,所以当那只残肢承重时它会感到不舒服。故答 案为D。(5)考查动词及语境理解。A.continue继续;B.leave离开;C.cease停止;D.stick卡住。结合上 文的"She used socks"和下文的"She began searching the Internet for pet prostheses (假体)”可知,尽 管Marley已经帮助小考拉改善了状况,但她觉得自己不能止步于此,于是开始寻求进一步的帮助。 故答案为C。(6)考查形容词及语境理解。A.helpful有帮助的;B.available可以得到的,可用的;C.convenient 方便的;D.satisfactory令人满意的。根据下文的”Iwas told it couldnt be done”可知,Marley没有找 到任何小考拉可以用的假体。故答案为B。(7)考查动词短语及语境理解。A.takeon决定做,同意负责,承担(责任);B.figureout弄懂; C.seek for寻找;D.look into调查。根据上句Marley did find a company specializing in animal prostheses 可知 Marley 的确找到了 一家专门从事动 物假体制作的公司,他们愿意接手这件事。故答案为A。(8)考查名词及语境理解。A.examinations 考试;B.attempts 尝试;C.discussions 讨论;D.treatments 治疗。根据上句they were unsuccessful可知这家公司尝试了几次后都没有成功。故答案为B。(9)考查名词及语境理解。A.inspiration鼓励;B.support支持;C.response回复;D.solution解决。 根据下文的"he created a pink rubber boot, which.movement return”可知,最终 Marley 找至lj了解决 办法。故答案为D。(10)考查动词及语境理解。A.happened发送;B.agreed同意;C.volunteered志愿;D.recommended 推荐。她顺便向牙医Jon Doulman提起了 Triumph的情况,Jon主动提出要找到办法为Triumph做 假足。故答案为C。(11 )考查副词及语境理解。A.Naturally自然地;B.Surprisingly令人惊讶地;C.Thankfully感激的; D.Strangely奇怪地。根据下句its different from tooth problems可知Jon知道为考拉做假足与制作假 牙是不一样的,故Naturally符合语境。故答案为A。(12)考查名词及语境理解。A.example例子;B.model模型;C.issue问题;D.mark分数。Jon要 为缺少一只脚的Triumph做假足,所以他应是先做了一个Triumph的残肢的模型。故答案为B。(13)考查名词及语境理解。A.preference偏爱;B.memory记忆;C.freedom自由;D.intention打 算。根据下文的"Once the boot.little jump, and then ran around”可知,Jon 做的粉色靴子能使 Triumph 重新拥有活动的自由。故答案为C。(14)考查形容词及语境理解。A.ordinary普通的;B.touching动人的;C.imperfect不完美的; D.unlikely不可能的。结合上文Marley did find a company specializing in animal prostheses that would like to (7) the case, but they were unsuccessful after several (8).可知,专业人士都没能为小考拉做一只合适的假足, 但是牙医Jon却成功解决了小考拉的问题。这是一个看似不可能的事。故答案为D。(15)考查动词及语境理解。A.adjusted适应;B.completed完成;C.attached系,绑,固定,连接; D.confirmed确认。这只靴子一固定在Triumph的残肢上,它就跳了一下,然后四处跑了起来。故 答案为C。本文是一篇记叙文。小考拉Triumph不仅失去了妈妈,还少了一只脚。Marley Christian想要帮它 寻找一只假足。在牙医Jon Doulman的帮助下,小考拉终于重获运动自由。完形填空题的命题趋势解题步骤:1 .通读全文,理解大意。重视首句信息,跳过空格,浏览全文,从整体上感知全文,理解文章大 意,这是解题的基础。2 .瞻前顾后,避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下,结合各选项的意义和用法,遵循先易后难的 原则,先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题,暂时跳过,或许在上文中难以判断的题在下 文中就有暗示或者明显的提示,或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。3 .复读全文,解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格,对全文有了更清楚的理解,可以集中解决所遗留 的少数疑难问题。4 .再次复读,弥补疏漏,全部做好后,务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容,确保全文 文意连贯。36【答案】小题1 himself【小题2】To tackle【小题 3 solution【小题4】higher【小题5】overcame【小题6】without【小题7】that【小题8】generated【小题9】but【小题 10 fulfilling【解析】(1) himself.考查反身代词。句意:被称为杂交水稻之父的袁隆平一直认为自己是一名 农民。根据句意可知空处表示自己,用反身代词himself。故填himself。(2) T。tackle.考查不定式。句意:为了解决这个危机,他选择了学习农业,并在西南农业大学接 受了教育。用不定式作目的状语。故填To tackle。(3) solution.考查名词。句意:他相信解决问题的关键在于培育杂交水稻,而不是扩大种植面积。 空处作that的主语,用名词形式,根据the可知表示特指,用单数。故填solution。(4) higher.考查比较级。句意:杂交作物的一个特点是,它们通常比传统作物获得更高的产量。 根据than可知用形容词的比较级。故填higher。(5) overcame.考查时态。句意:通过艰苦的努力,袁隆平克服了巨大的技术困难,开发出了第 一种杂交水稻,使农民在不扩大种植面积的情况下大大提高了产量。描述的是过去的事情,用一 般过去时。故填overcameo(6) without.考查介词。句意:通过艰苦的努力,袁隆平克服了巨大的技术困难,开发出了第一 种杂交水稻,使农民在不扩大种植面积的情况下大大提高了产量。根据句意可知空处表示没有, 用介词 withouto 故填 withouto(7) that.考查从属连词。句意:据估计,如今中国国内60%的大米消费是由袁隆平的杂交品种生 产的。It is estimated that据估计,it是形式主语,that从句是真正的主语。故填that。(8) generated.考查过去分词。句意:据估计,如今中国国内60%的大米消费是由袁隆平的杂交 品种生产的。本句已有谓语动词,所以空处为非谓语,generate和crops之间是被动关系,用过去 分词作后置定语。故填generated。(9) but.考查连词。句意:袁隆平的创新不仅帮助养活了中国,也帮助了许多其他依赖大米的国 家。not justbut不仅而且。故填but。(10) fulfilling.考查固定短语。句意:相反,他把自己的一生都献给了实现自己的梦想。devote one卞 whole life to doing毕生致力于做某事。故填fulfillingo本文主要讲述杂交水稻之父-袁隆平,一生不断努力,提高水稻的产量,他所作出的贡献不仅帮 助中国,也帮助了许多其他依赖大米的国家。语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用,做题时要首先明确短文大意,从词语搭配,固定句型, 语法,时态等方面综合考虑,结合上下文语境找出正确答案。37 .【答案】Ladies and gentlemen,Good afternoon! Welcome to this year's English speech competition. As the chairman of the Student Union, I am greatly honored to share aspects about it with you as follows: (开场白)Firstly, the theme of this speech competition is Chinese culture, which should be mainly introduced to the foreigners. And it goes without saying that holding this activity is very meaningful to us. By doing so, not only can we carry forward Chinese culture, but also it can enhance cultural confidence.【高分句型 一】(活动的主题及意义)In addition, we are supposed to introduce that Chinese culture is extensive and profound.【高分句型二】 For one thing, we have unique language and our national arts are colorful. For another, Chinese traditional festivals have a long history.(中国文化博大精深)In the end, I sincerely hope that this year's activity will be held very successfully. And thank you for your active participation.(预祝比赛圆满成功)That's all! Thank you!解析高分句型一 :By doing so, not only can we carry forward Chinese culture, but also it can enhance cultural confidence.译文:这样做,不仅可以弘扬中华文化,而且可以增强文化自信。分析:这句话使用not only置于句首,后面用部分倒装。高分句型二:In addition, we are supposed to introduce that Chinese culture is extensive and profound.译文:此外,我们还应该介绍中国文化博大精深。分析:that引导宾语从句。这是一篇提纲类作文,需要写的内容已经给出,但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译,而 是要添加些内容,使文章看起来更充实,要组成篇通顺连贯的短文,定要谈谈自己的看法.需 要注意紧扣文章主题,给出的要点都需要包括,缺一不可.写作时注意准确运用时态,上下文意 思连贯,符合逻辑关系,不能出现文章脱节问题.尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式,同时也要注意 使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次.同时注意要求的字数,不要太多也不要太少.38 .【答案】Health Theme ParkWant to keep fit? Then visit Health Theme Park.Located 12 km south of our city, the park is a combination of culture, entertainment and Health.