2023年江苏中考英语一轮复习专题02（U5-U8）.docx

专题02 7AU5-U8 一轮复习7A U5重难点知识梳理1.0dress up 打扮dress up as打扮成某物dress up in用某物来打扮四个“穿”:（l）dress 动词：穿（后面只能接人）词组：dress sb给某人穿衣服（给别人穿）dress oneself给自己穿衣服（给自己传）（2）put on动词：穿（后面接物），强调动作；（还未穿；准备穿；正在穿）（3）wear 动词：穿（后面接物），强调状态；（已经穿；经常穿；喜欢穿）（4）in介词；穿（后面一般接颜色+衬衫）强调状态；2 .介词的具体用法：in季节、月份、年份in the morning/afternoon/eveningat时间点 看到festival用atat this time of year每年的这个时刻（重点背诵 易错）on具体的某一天，某一日具体的某一天某一日的早、中、晚看到day用on易错：on that day当时间前面有：next、last、this、that、every时候不能用任何介词除了上面这个易错点在某节日都用：at,如果指的是具体到某节日当天用：on如：at Christmas/ at Chinese New Year（2）在万圣节：at Halloween在万圣节当天：on Halloween 注：书上用的是第二种 在母亲节：0nMother* Day （因为妈妈只有一个）易错点在妇女节：on Women's Day （因为妇女有很多，所以先变复数，再加's）常考在教师节：on Teachers，Day（因为老师有很多，所以先变复数，再加1）how long多久问一段时间，问物体的长短how often多久(一次)问频率20 .可数名词定义：凡是可以用数目来表示的个体名词和集体名词都叫可数名词。(2)可数名词前可以用a ,an限定。说明有些以元音字母开头的单词，由于它不是以元音开头，其前仍用a：a university student 一个大学生同时，有些单词虽然以辅音字母开头，由于它的第一个读音为元音，其前用an：an honest man 一个诚实的人以下各例均用了 an，也是因为紧跟在其后的词语以元音开头：miss an "m” 漏写一个 m an 8-year plan 一个 8 年计划(3)可数名词前可以用one ,two ,three等限定。(4)可数名词的单复数1、绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式，是在该词末尾加上后辍-s。例：friendfriends; cat>cats; stylestyles; sport>sports; piece一pieces2、凡是以s、x、ch、sh结尾的词，在该词末尾加上后辍-es构成复数。例：busbuses; fox一foxes; match一matches; flash>flashes ;box 一boxes; watch 一watches3、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，将y改变为i,再加-es。例:candy一candies; daisy (雏菊)一daisies; fairyfairies; lady>ladies; story>stories 区别：元音字母+y结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数元音字母有a,e,o,u,i monkey-monkeysholiday-holidaysboyiboyskey-keys4、以-o结尾的名词，如果不是外来词或缩写词，就加-es,否则加-s构成复数。口诀：黑人英雄爱吃土豆西红柿炒芒果Negroes heroes tomatoes potatoes mangoes反例：radio-radios , piano一pianos; photo一photos; zoo- zoos5、以-f或-fe结尾的名词，多为将-f或-fe改变为-veskniffeknives;liffe一 lives;leafleaves;scar Jscarves6 .单复数同形：Chinese, Japanese , deer, sheep, fish.国人的复数：中日不变，英法变，其他s加后面Chinese-ChineseJapaneseJapaneseEnglishman-EnglishmenAmericanAmericans German-Germans.7 .极少数单词，其复数形式没有任何规律。mouse-mice; foot-feet, man-men; woman-women; tooth-teeth;foot-feet,child-children ,louse-lice ,ox-oxen.另一些名词则以复数词出现的机会较多例 clothes;shoes (鞋子)、sunglasses (太阳镜)、shorts 短裤；scissors 剪刀；trousers 长裤；gloves 手套7AU7重难点梳理 1.1 hate it.hate v.讨厌，恨;hate to do sth/ hate doing sth.(P80)They hate to go/going out at night.My sister likes flowers, dislikes animals, and hates cats.2.Well, Fd like to go shopping, but I don't have any money.(P80)(1) would like to do sth.愿意做；想做As a friend, I'd like to make a suggestion. Would you like to go with us? go shopping买东西I sometimes go shopping with my mother.拓展go +V-ing其他短语：去旅行 go travelling 去游泳 go swimming 去滑冰 go skating去滑雪 go skiing 去野营 go camping 去慢跑 go jogging去钓鱼go fishing 骑车(马)go riding 去J爬山 go climbingmoney n.钱(不可数)make money赚钱 People work hard to make money for a living.1.1 need you to carry all bags.(P80) carry v.携带，拿着，抱着He always carries a dictionary. 他总是带着一本字典。4. Maybe he is not interested in music.(P81)maybeadv.副词，或许大概。常位于 句首做状语。Eg： Maybe they made mistakes.may be意为“可能是”是情态动词+系动词结构,在 句中 作谓语。Eg： He may be wrong.例： (也许)you are right. Sorry about that.1) interested adj.感兴趣的，用于人；be interested in.对感兴趣interesting adj.有趣的，吸引人的，用于物interest n.兴趣 have/take an interest in 对 感兴趣Jim, are you interested in Chinese?5. Here is my wallet. (P80)此句为倒装句，结构为Here +谓语+主语。在此结构中，如果主语是单数，谓语动词用is ;如果主语 是复数，谓语动词用are.注意在倒装句中主语若是人称代词，则用部分倒装，即主谓不倒装。eg： Here you are.Here is a letter for you.Here are some flowers for Mum.6. Can I help you?(P82)日常交际用语，是服务员对顾客的礼貌用语。Can I help you?Yes, please. Td like some bananas.补充与Can I help you相似的表达：May/Could I help you?What can I do for you?7. These clips are beautiful, and they match her pink coat.(P82)match v.与般配/相配sth. match(es) sth.某物与某物搭配match sth. well= go well with sth.与某物搭配的很好Her red skirt matches her white shoes oThis pair of jeans matches her red T-shirt well.=This pair of jeans goes well with her red T-shirt.match n.火柴，比赛Td like to buy a gift for my friends.(P82)buy sth. for sb.= buy sth. for sb.给某人买礼物I want to buy some flowers for him.=1 want to buy him some flowersHow much do they cost?（P82）how much :多少钱，这里用来询问价钱对价钱提问的表达方式：How much is/are.?=How much do/does+.+ cost?=What is the price of.?这些书多少钱？How much are the books?How much do the books cost?What is the price of the books?练习I'm interested in animals,so I every Saturday working in an animal hospital.A. payB. costC. takeD. spendThey spend too much time the report （报道）.A. writing B. to write C. on writing D. writeWhat beautiful shoes you're wearing! They must be expensive （贵）.No, they only 10 yuan.A. spent B. tookC. paidD. costWill you please for my dinner Peter?Sure!A. spend B. payC. costD.takeIt will me too much time to read this book.A. takeB. costC. spendD.payThis science book _ me a great amount of money.A. tookB.costC usedD.spent Do you often get online?Yes, I lots of time on it. It's a good way to kill time.A. costB. spendC.takeD. pay答案DADBABB10. They are two yuan each.(P82)each pron.每个，可单独做主语，用于一般现在时，后面的动词要用第三人称单数，也可放在复数 名词或代词后作同位语。We each have our own offices.each of每个，后接复数名词或代词，但谓语动词用单数each可作为限定词，各自的，后面接单数名词Each ticket is $20.=The tickets are $20 each.=Each of the tickets is $20.例：1. The winners can each(每人)get a ticket for free.2. Sandy and Simon each get(get) a present from Amy. How happy they are!11. Thafs enough.(P82)enough限定词，足够的，充分的enough candlesenough adv.修饰形容词或副词，放在形容词或副词之后runs fast enough.enough pron, 足够 ，充分have enough 吃饱了11.1 want to buy some present different from Amy's.(P84)different adj不同的(作定语修饰名词时，名词用复数)be different frombe the same as12. What's your size?(P88)日常交际用语，相当于：What size do you wear? What size are your feet?回答：I'm a size M/1 wear.13. Can I try them on?(P88)try on :试穿名词作宾语时可以放在该词组中间或后面，而代词做宾语时只能放在中间Please try on the coat. = Please try the coat on.You can try it on.14. Well, they fit very well.(P88)fit v.适合sth. fit sb.某物适合某人be fit to do sth.适合做某事fit:adj.健康的The mall is a good place to meet friends and have fun.(P90)a good place to do sth.做某事的好地方Most of the children often listen to CDs.绝大多数孩子经常听 CD。15. 名词作定语的情况需要变复数的：衣服店clothes shop 体育用品店 sports shop男 老 师 men teachers 女 医 生 women teachers不需要变复数：鞋店 shoe shops 男学生 boy students玩具店toy shops 花店flower shops16. 疑问词+to do可以做主语、宾语、表语例： More and more people know how to have(have) fun in the shopping centre.17. 有某物做某事 have sth. to do sth.有某物 have sth for sth例： The boy has enough money for ice cream.The boy has enough money to buy an ice cream.20. with 介词；意思:随着；带有(伴随)；用；穿，戴。例：1. I like wearing my yellow shirt a dark tie.A. have B. with C. has D. hadJim's mother comes in, there5s a cake in her hand.Jim's mother comes in with a cake in her hand.21. one ones it 的区别。one表示泛指的单数名词；ones表示泛指的复数名词；it特指前面提到的同一个事物。7AU8重难点梳理show you different styles of clothes 向你展示不同风格的服装1) show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb.把某物(出示/展示)给某人看。2) show sb. how to do sth.演示给某人看如何做某事3) show sb. around带领某人参观4) show演出，秀 on show被展示，上演be popular among young people在年轻人中很受欢迎1) be popular with sb.受 喜欢/欢迎among 在中间"三者或三者以上“ between 在中间"两者之间”1. Here comes Simon.西蒙过来了。(倒装句)把地点状语-here、there等放在句首强调时，我们常用倒装结构*如果主语是代词时，不需要倒装，如：Here you are.2. Both of them are wearing blue juans.他们两个都穿着蓝色牛仔。1) both指两个人或物,all指三个或三个以上的人或物。both和all位于be动词之后，行为动词之前。2) Both Amy and Daniel wear blue jeans. Amy 和 Daniel 都穿蓝色牛仔。 both . and和 (连接两个并列的部分，用作复数)Sandy飞 red blouse is made of silk. Sandy 的红衬衣是丝绸制成的。be made of .由.制成 后加原材料*be made from.由制成，后加原材料*be made in.*be made in.在某地制造You look great in your purple shirt.Sb. look (adj.) in依服).某人穿 看起来.=依服)look (adj.) on (sb.)(衣服)穿在某人身上看起来What a great show, Sandy!(1) what引导的感叹句构成：Whata/an+形容词+单数名词(+主语+谓语)！如：What a tall boy he is!What+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词(+主语+谓语)！如：What clever children they are!(2) how引导的感叹句构成：How +形容词/副词(+主语+谓语)！主语若为名词，前面要加the。如：How lovely the little dog is!How beautifully Lucy is dancing!3. Millie is writing a letter to her friend about the fashion show.(1) write a letter to sb.写信给某人= write to sb.(2) receive a letter from sb.收到某人的来信=hear from(3) wait for 等候,wait for sb.等候Mum has to go for a big dinner this evening.have to必须；不得不go for sth.去参加某项活动或运动。例题：1.该是去参加聚会的时间了。have/has to do sth.的否定结构为：don't/doesiTt have to do sth.=doiTt/doesii't need to do sth.=needn,t do sth."不必做某事”辨析have to / must: have to表示因某种客观情况而“不得不”做某事must更强调主观自愿做某事4. What do you think of my red gloves, Amy? What do you think of. ?用来询问对方对某人或事的看法，= How do you like/find?彳列句： What do you think of the movie?=How do you like the movie?I think it is interesting.5. You look lovely in your new hat.(D lovely adj.可爱的；亲切、友好的1 think white shirts look clean, and white matches any other colour.any other +单数名词，指在统一范围的其他任何人或物=the other +复数名词彳列句：1. He is taller than any other student in our class.=He is taller than the other students in our class.13. Students look smart in dark blue.(1)固定结构：sb. looks +形容词+in+衣服/颜色彳列句:1. He looks young in green.2. You look very nice in this dress.14. my design includes a pair of blue jeans.include v包含，包括例句：1. The book includes texts and exercises.这本书包含了课文和练习(2) including prep.例句：1. Six students climb the hill, including two girls.15. Fm thinking about what to wear.1) think about sth/doing sth考虑某事/做某事2) what to wear：特殊疑问词+动词不定式，含义为：穿什么He's thinking about eating(eat) healthy food like fish and vegetables.16. 一件黄色 的棉衬衫 a yellow cotton shirt一条黑色的羊毛裙 a black woolen dress形容词的排列顺序：大（小）形（状）新（旧）颜（色）国（籍）质（地）常考常错：on the morning of Women's Day 常考一注意介词on和of的运用.全家团聚吃大餐:All my family get together to have a big dinner注意th的发音，常考易错点：have breakfast/lunch/supper/dinner 这里的 have 不能换成 eat易错三餐前无冠词，不可以加the、a、an辨析：have dinner 吃晚饭at dinner在吃晚饭的时候have sth for dinner/lunch晚饭吃某物.告诉、要求某人(不要)做某事：tell/ ask sb (not) to do sth易错点：尤其注意否定，千万不要写成：tell sb don，t do sth学生喜欢错3 .给某物涂成某颜色：paintsth+颜色，中间不可以加介词in例：给墙涂成蓝色：paint the wall blue是对的paint the wall in blue 就是错的.用某物做某事:use sth to do sth用某物制作某物：use sth to make sthmake sth out of sth 第一个sth为成品，第二个sth为原材料例：制作南瓜灯：make a pumpkin lantern > use a pumpkin to make a lantern > make a lantern out of a pumpkin 常考同 义句 转换.给某人某物：give sth to sb=give sb sth给某人买某物：buy sth for sb=buy sb sth从某人处得到某物作为生日礼物：get sth from sb as a present给某人某物作为招待：give sb sth as a treat=give sb a treat of sth.在纽约电台里找到更多：find out more on New York radioon the radioon TVon the phone在通话中be on holiday 在度假注意：几个介词on的用法. seem的用法：It seems that+一个完整的句子注意完成句子seem作系动词+形容词seem to do sth似乎做某事注意动词填空.捉弄某人：play tricks on sbIL表达建议型的句型：去干嘛干嘛怎么样？©What/How about doing sth?Why not do sth?Why don't sb do sth?©Shall we do sth?12 .与某人谈论某事：talk with/to sb about/of sth注意：talk接物用about/of; talk后面接人用：with/to say sth in English（say后面接说话的内容）speak+语言；speak at the meeting 在会上发言say sth二talk about sbWhat do you say about the festival?=What do you talk about with sb?13 . how long表示“时间多久或物体多长”.表示时间侧重指“一段时间:针对“How long”的回答一般 是时间段，如“fbr three days”, “three years”.how often表示“多少时间一次或每隔多久”.是就做某事的频率提问。针对How often的回答一般 是 always ,usually ,often ,sometimes ,once/twice a day/month.three times a wee.等。how soon表示“多久之后”,侧重某人某事能多快时间完成.How soon的回答一般为：“in +时间 段”e.g. “ in two days" "in five years”how far表示“多远”，其回答有three kilometers, two hours，walk（两个小时的步行）7A U6重难点知识梳理.be important for意为"对很重要“。介词for后面能接名词或代词。1 .healthy/ 健康的eg: It's important for a dancer to be healthy.healthy =well健康的，健壮的注意：health n.为不可数名词,in poor/good health意为“健康状况不佳/良好”My uncle is in poor health.我叔叔的健康状况不佳。2 .feel为连系动词，其后接形容词，描述主语的状态。此类常见词汇有look（看起来显得）,smell（发出气味）,sound（听起来），taste“尝起来”，其后通常用形容词作表语。seem linking v.好像，似乎，看来主要用法：seem +形容词，意为“看起来”；seem to do sth.好像做某事；It seems that .似乎;seem like似乎，好像。如：He seems to be happy today.他今天似乎很高兴。3 .（1） too much+U或C。(2 )too many+Cs(3) much t。表示“太”，常用在形容词adj或adv之前强调程度。5 . need：need sb to do/need to do不需要做某事：don't need sthdon't need to do sth=needn't do sth在回答must开头的一般疑问句时，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn't或dont have to.如:1）一Must I finish my homework before eight o'clock?一Yes, you must.2）一Must I attend the meeting?No, you needn't（No, you don't have to）. You can ask Tom to go instead.在HI答may开头的一般疑问句时，肯定回答用may ,否定回答用mustnt如：1）一May I watch TV after supper?一Yes, you may. / No, you mustn't.2）一May I stop here?一No, you mustn't.在回答need开头的一般疑问句时，肯定回答用must,否定回答用neednt如：1）一Need we stay behind after school?一Yes, you must.2）一Need he go now?一No, he needn't.6 .be/get/feel/become interested in 感到有兴趣的interesting 修饰物同类型的单词：boring/bored excited/exciting surpring/surprised.询问价钱 How much are they?How much is/are +主语？询问价格How much do/does + 主语 + cost?Whafs the price of + 主语？几种“花费”用法的比较spend表示花费时间或金钱。其主语一般是人，常用spend .on sth/ (in) doing sth结构。cost的主语为事物或形式主语，宾语为金钱或时间等，cost不用于被动语态。Sth cost+money某物值多少钱Sth cost sb money某物花某人多少钱It costs sb money to do sth某人花多少钱做某事take的主语多是代替后面动词不定式的形式主语it，也可是人或某项活动，常用句型为“It takes/took ( sb.) some time to do sth.意为“花费(某人)多长时间做某事”。pay的主语只能是人，常用“pay (sb.) (some money) for sth.”的结构，意为“付(某人)钱买某物”。 She paid ten yuan for the book.她花了 10 元钱买这本书。7 ./ they'e回答价格It costs./ they cost.The price of + 主语 is .修饰 Price 用 high/low;东西用 expensive/cheap 修饰.each 用法：each adj各自的，每个的on each side of the street在街道的每一边作代词：注意主谓一致Each of them+动词三单They each看作复数注意区分each与everyEvery只能做形容词：every one, every body,而each可单独使用Every 无 every of 结构Every指每个，但强调的是全体，each强调个体.match sth. well = go well with sth.与相配（衣服配衣服）fit sb.适合某人补充：match. (n.)火柴、比赛近义词：fit衣服/鞋子+fitsb.8 .enough adj.足够的sb. have enough + n. to do某人有足够的去做某事adv. adj. + enoughenough + n.注意：没有足够的翻译为don*t have enough+n +to dobe+adj.+enough+for sb +to do.A 与 B 不同 A be different from B反义：A 与 B 相同 A be the same as B补充：thesame+名词 一样的(同样的) the same schoolthe same +名词+as 与样的注意A与B必须是同类事物9 .A pair of:一双，一对，一副，通常由两部分构成单件事物A pair of trousers/scissors/glasses/jeans这类单件事物，不能用one/ones代替，要用pair/pairs谓语动词单复数要以pair单复数为准,a pair之后的代词常用复数10 .Another另一个+可数名词单数例： He's writing another novel.Another另外额外附加的+few/数字+复数名词例：He'd like another two apples.Another还可以单独使用：They've got three children already and they're having another.the other, other, another, others 的区另U不定代词意义用法说明other另外的后跟复数名词或不可数名词若前面有 the, this, that, some , any, every, each, no, one, my, your, his等，后可跟单数名词the other两者中的另一个与 one 连用,one. the other.（范围一共两个）the other+复数名词=由匕others（指确定范围内剩下的全部，可用于范围内比较）others泛指别的人或物other的复数，后面不跟名词与 some 连用 ,some . others._another任何一个，另一个三者或三者以上的任何一个，后跟可数名词单数another+数字+可数名词复数=other+数字+可数名词复数11 .be made of意思是由做成，通常表示该制成品扔看得出原材料。如：桌子、门等。be made from意思也是由做成，但表示的是该制成品看不出原材料。如：树、酒等.You look great in your purple shirt.你穿紫色的衬衫看起来很棒。sb look + adj.+ in +衣服 表示某人穿某件衣服看起来怎么样。sth look+adj.+on sb。17.1 have to do sth.不得不（由于客观原因）P100彳列：It is raining. Simon has to stay at home.辨析：must表示主观，have to表示客观。We mu