山东师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中学业水平测试英语试卷 附解析.docx

2021级20222023学年第一学期期中学业水平测试英语学科试题注意事项：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动， 用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无 效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第I卷选择题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题L5分，满分75分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一 小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What does the woman prefer to do?A. Work out alone. B. Exercise with someone. C. Eat breakfast at the cafe.2. What docs Heather do?A. A writer. B. A teacher. C. A doctor.3. Why is the girl upset?A. She has no friends now. B. Her mother is out of work. C. Her family is about to move.4. What was the weather like in the Lake District on their holiday?A. Snowy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy.5. Where does the conversation take place?A. Over the phone. B. In a hospital. C. On a beach.第二节（共15小题;每小题15分,满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6. Why did the man take all the glass back home?B. The quality of the voice.D. The distance between speakers.A. The length of the answer. C. The position of the head. 15. What might be the best title for the text?A. Reputation of Small TalkB. Ways of Understanding othersC. Significance of Small TalkD. Challenges of Deep Conversation【答案】12.A13. C 14. B 15. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了在日常生活中，闲聊虽然是明显、枯燥、微不足道的事，但却起着重 要作用。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段"Small talk has a reputation for being uninteresting, and for good reason. Pointing out the fact that it's raining seems as ridiculous as pointing out the fact that you have a headyou're fully aware of both things, and don't require an outsider to confirm them. But despite being evident and often painfiilly dull, small talk has an important role to play, enabling us to overcome social obstacles towards improved , meaningful interaction （互 动）.（闲聊以无趣而著称，这是有充分理由的。指出正在下雨的事实似乎和指出你有头脑的事实一样荒谬， 你完全知道这两件事，不需要外人来证实。但是，尽管闲聊很明显，而且常常令人痛苦地枯燥乏味，但它 可以发挥重要作用，使我们能够克服社会障碍，改善有意义的互动。）”可知，这一段主要是在介绍闲聊， 虽然闲聊枯燥无趣，却能帮助人们克服社交障碍，进行更深入且有意义的互动，所以A选项“闲聊是人类 互动的第个阶段。”能很好地概括该段内容。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“When finding yourself positioned closely to a person who you know little about, it's much safer to point out the rainy sky （han （o share your political views on a sensitive topic. Until you know the person better, heavier topics should probably be kept under wraps, so you won't find yourself on the receiving end of a cold siare.（当你发现自己和一个你几乎不了解的人的位置很近时，谈论下雨的天空比分享你在一个敏感话题上的 政治观点要安全得多。在你更了解对方之前，较沉重的话题应该保密，这样你就不会发现自己受到冷眼。）” 可知，在跟一个不是很了解的人很近时，不要谈论沉重的话题，否则会遭受冷眼，所以如果人们发现自己 受到了冷眼，说明他们没有管理好人际距离。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“The length of their response might indicate their level of scif-confidcncc; the tone of speaking might show how agreeable a person is; their slightly lowered head, as if protecting themselves from attack, a possible sign of a regrettable history of bullying.（他们反应的长度可能表明他们的自信心水平；说话的语气可 能表明一个人是多么和蔼可亲；他们微微低下头，似乎在保护自己免受攻击，这可能是一段令人遗憾的欺 凌历史的迹象）”可知，说话的语气可能是友好的标志。故选B.【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段"Bui despite being evident and of'ien painfully dull, small talk has an important role to play, enabling us to overcome social obstacles towards improved, meaningful interaction （互动）.（但是，尽管闲聊很明显， 而且常常令人非常枯燥，但它仍然扮演着重要的角色，使我们能够克服社交障碍，朝着改善的，有意义的 互动发展。）”及最后一段 uConversation is a great educator, and deep conversations establish lasting bonds with others, forming precious friendships that paint our lives with vibrant colors. Such friendships begin with small talk.（交谈是伟大的教育家，深刻的交谈建立起与他人的持久联系，形成宝贵的友谊，为我们的生活涂上鲜 艳的色彩。这样的友谊始于闲聊。）”可知，文章主要介绍了闲聊的重要作用，可以让人们克服社交隙碍， 帮助人们发展友谊，为人们的生活增添色彩。所以C选项“闲聊的重要性”可以很好地概括文章内容，适 合作为文章的标题。故选C。第二节（共5小题海小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Every student prefers to get high scores in their exams. But how can you effectively improve your memory and perforin well in your exam? Try the following methods. Try the Memory Palace.For example, if you want to memorize some English words, you might store lkfiiniiture, television'' in your living room and "fridge, cooker.” in the kitchen. 16 Through this way, you can memorize these words easily. Create your own songs.This method has been proven in several studies as a way of sending information to memory. You can use your favorite songs to recreate new songs with information you need to remember. 17 Take some deep breaths.18 If you are stressed you will have a more difficult time recalling information during an exam. You should put some energy into de-stressing but “turning off" stress is easier said than done. That's why scientists recommend practice tests to you. Practice tests arc not only a scientifically supported means of improving memory recall but they stand up to stressful situations.19If you are feeling distracted, do some exercise. Studies show that （hose who have exercised for 15 minutes and then complete a memory task, complete tasks faster than those who haven't exercised. Even a simple walk can make a difference.There are so many suggested methods for you. 2（）If you know that studying alone works best for you,go to self-study room often when you finish your classes at school.A. Try a mini workout.B. Reread your notes.C. Skip all the practice tests.D. We know that exams are stressful.E. You need to think about the way that suits you best.F. The more interesting you make them, the better the result will be.G. Then you can mentally travel through your house （o recall each word.【答案】16. G 17. F 18. D 19. A 20. E【解析】【导语】这是篇说明文。文章介绍了有效提高记忆力并在考试中取得好成绩的方法。【16题详解】根据前句 44 For example, if you want to memorize some English words, you might store "furniture, television'' in your living room and “fridge, cooker./' in the kitchcn.（例如，如果你想记住一些英语单词，你可以把“家具、 电视”放在客厅里，把“冰箱、炊具”放在厨房里）”可知，本段主要介绍通过试着记忆和家里相关的 一些单词来增强记忆力，所以G项“然后你就可以在你的房子里来回走动，回忆每一个单词”符合语境。 G 项中的 “travel through your house”和前文中的"in your living room”相呼应。故选 G。【17题详解】根据本段标题 “Create your own songs.（创作自己的歌曲）”以及空前句 “This method has been proven in several studies as a way of sending information to memory. You can use your favorite songs to recreate new songs with information you need to remember.（这一方法已在几项研究中被证明是向记忆中发送信息的一种方式。你可以 用你最喜欢的歌曲，用你需要记住的信息重新创作新歌）”可知，空处介绍为什么要通过歌曲的方式来记忆 单词一就是越有趣的方式，结果就越好。F项“你做得越有趣，结果就越好。”符合语境。故选F。【18题详解】根据“If you are stressed you will have a more difficult time recalling information during an exam.（如果你有压力, 你在考试中回忆信息会更加困难）”可知，空处为下文的原因，也就是考试中我们往往会有压力，这样就会 造成在考试中回忆信息会更加困难。D项“我们知道考试压力很大”符合语境。D项中的“stressful”和下 文中的“stressed”相呼应。exam是关键词。故选D。【19题详解】根据"If you are feeling distracted, do some exercise.（如果你感到分心，做些运动）”可知，本段主要介绍锻炼 是增强记忆力的好方法。A项“尝试一次迷你训练”适合作本段标题。A项中的“workout”和文章的“exercise” 相呼应。故选A。【20题详解】根据空后 M If you know that studying alone works best for you, go to self-study room often when you finish your classes al school如果你知道独自学习最适合你，那么当你在学校上完课后，经常去自习室）”可知，此处是 对空处的进步说明，表明在这么多的方法中，要找到最适合自己的学习方式。E项“你需要考虑最适合你 的方式”符合语境。E项中的"suits you best”和文中的"works best for you”相呼应。故选E。第三部分语言运用（共四节，满分55分） 第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。This past summen I applied for my very first job at a small bakery in my neighborhood. I knew that if I were21 there, I would learn how to use a cash register, prepare sandwiches, and 22 cake orders. I imagined that my biggest struggle would be 23 demanding New Yorkers, but I never thought that the act of tying a box would become both my biggest 24 and greatest teacher.On my first day of work in late August, one of the employees quickly explained the 25. Il seemed simple:wrap the string （绳子）around your hand, then wrap it three times around the box both ways, and fasten it. 126the message in my head, <4three times, turn it, three times, tie it“ until it became my prayer. After observing several employees, it was 27 that anyone tying the box could complete it in a matter of seconds. For weeks, I failed endlessly, only to watch the strong and small pieces of my pride unravel （散开）each time I tried.As I 28 to push half-tied cake boxes into plastic bags with embarrassment, I could not help but 29 what was wrong with me. 3（） the weeks progressed, my skills slowly began to improve. Of course, （here were days when I just wanted to throw all of the string in the trash and use tape （胶带）instead; this sense of defeat was never 31. but remarks like "Oh, you must be 32 from impatient customers made me angryand determined to Iry even harder.Gradually I began to realize that I should not be 33 if it takes me longer to learn. I kept on, and I continued to tic boxes every weekend at work. Even though I occasionally fell back into desperation, I always revvrapped the string around my hand and 34 over because I learned that the most satisfying victories come from not 35.21. A. impressedB. hiredC. keptD. promoted22. A. fillB.cancelC. placeD. take23. A. identifyingB. memorizingC. guidingD. serving【解析】24. A. friendB. wishC. challengeD. hobby25. A. processB. meaningC. puzzleD. theory26. A. sentB. weighedC. appliedD. repeated27. A. possibleB. clearC. funnyD. interesting28. A. nishedB. deservedC. offeredD. requested29. A. believeB. wonderC. admitD. recognize30. A. UntilB. BeforeC. OnceD. As31. A. wantedB. recognizedC. forgivenD. treasured32. A. youngB. lazyC. newD. talented33. A. sympatheticB. ashamedC. unsatisfiedD. relaxed34 A.handedB. turnedC. startedD. took35. A. showing upB. giving upC. bringing upD. taking up【答案】21. B22. D23. D 24. C25. A 26. D 27. B28. A 29. B 30. D 31.A 32. C 33. B34. C 35. B【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在面包店工作时，在系蛋糕盒子上遇到了困难，但作者没有放 弃，继续练习，随着时间的推移，慢慢取得进步，通过这件事，作者明白了最令人满意的胜利来自于不放 弃。21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道如果我在那里工作，我将学会如何使用收银机、准备三明治和接受蛋糕 订单。A.impressed给留下深刻印象；B. hired雇用；C.kept保持;D. promoted促进。根据上文”【appliedfor my very first job at a small bakery ”可知，我是打算在这个小面包店工作,由此可知,这里指的是如果我 被这个面包店雇用。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道如果我在那里工作，我将学会如何使用收银机、准备三明治和接受蛋糕 订单。A.fill 填满；B.cancel 取消；C.place 放置;D.take 拿,接受。根据上文 “I applied for my very first job at a small bakery”可知，我是打算在这个小面包店工作，由此可知，我应该学会接受顾客的蛋糕订单，“take orders”意为“接订单意 故选D项。【23题详解】考杳动词词义辨析。句意：我原以为我最大的困难是为要求很高的纽约人服务，但我从未想过，系盒子的 行为会成为我最大的挑战和最伟大的老师。A. identifying确认;B. memorizing记忆:C. guiding指导;D. serving 服务。根据生活常识可知，面包店的职员应该是服务客人，"New Yorkers”代表的是一类客人。故选D项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我原以为我最大的困难是为要求很高的纽约人服务，但我从未想过，系盒子的 行为会成为我最大的挑战和最伟大的老师。A.为end朋友;B. wish愿望：C. challenge挑战：D. hobby爱好。 结合下文内容可知，我在练习系蛋糕盒子的时候遇到很大困难，由此可知，这对我来说是最大的挑战。故 选C项。25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我八月底第一天上班的时候，一名员工很快解释了这个过程。A.proccss过程； B. meaning 意思；C. puzzle 迷；D. theory 理论。根据下文 w wrap the string （绳子）around your hand, then wrap it three times around the box both ways, and fasten il.（把绳子绕在你的手上,然后在盒子两边绕三圈，然后系 紧。）”可知，这个员工向我解释的是系蛋糕盒子的过程。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在脑海中重复着这个信息，“三次，转动它，三次，系上它”，直到它成为我 的祈祷°A. sent 发送;B. weighed 称重量;C. applied 申请;D. repeated 重复。根据句中“until it became my prayern 可知，作者已经把这句话熟练的记在心里了，由此可知，作者在脑海中重复了很多遍。故选D项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在观察了几名员工之后，很明显，任何人都可以在几秒钟内完成这项系盒子 的工作。A. possible可能的;B. clear明显的;C. funny滑稽的；D. interesting有趣的。根据下文内容可知, 作者不能系好盒子，再结合句中“anyone”可知，这里将其他人和作者形成对比，很明显，任何人都可以在 几秒钟内完成这项系盒子的工作，只有作者不能。故选B项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我尴尬地急忙把半捆好的蛋糕盒塞进塑料袋时，我不禁想知道自己到底出了 什么问题。A. rushed 匆忙；B. deserved 值得；C. offered 主动提出；D. requested 请求。根据句中"half-tiedcake boxes”和“with embarrassmeni”可知，我没能系好盒子，因为尴尬怕人发现，所以匆忙地把它们塞进塑料 袋里。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我尴尬地急忙把半捆好的蛋糕盒塞进塑料袋时，我不禁想知道自己到底出了 什么问题。A. believe 相信；B. wonder 想知道；C. admit 承认；D. recognize 认出。根据句中“what was wrong with me”可知，我是“想知道”自己到底出了什么问题，为什么别人能做好，我不行。故选B项。【30题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意:随着时间的推移,我的技能开始慢慢提高。A. Until直到;B. Before在以前;C. Once一旦；D.As随着。根据句中“slowly”可知，我的技能是慢慢提高，由此可知，应该是随着时间的推移，“As”意为“随着”。故选D项。31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，有时我只是想把所有的绳子扔进垃圾桶，用胶带代替；这种失败感从来 都不是我想要的，但不耐烦的顾客说的“哦，你定是新来的”之类的话让我很生气，并决心更加努力。A. wanted 想要；B. recognized 认出；C. forgiven 原谅；D. treasured 珍爱。根据句中 “this sense of defeat” 和 上文内容可知，作者不能系好盒子，想过放弃，由此可知，作者并不想要这种失败感。故选A项。【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，有时我只是想把所有的绳子扔进垃圾桶，用胶带代替；这种失败感从 来都不是我想要的，但不耐烦的顾客说的“哦，你一定是新来的”之类的话让我很生气，并决心更加努力。 A. young年轻的：B.lazy懒情的；C.new新的；D. talented有才能的。根据句中“impatient customers”可知, 作者不能系好盒子，不耐烦的顾客会认为他是新来的，所以才不能系好。故选C项。【33题详解】 考杳形容词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我开始意识到，如果系盒子花费我更长的时间学习，我不应该为此 感到羞愧。A. sympathetic同情的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. unsatisfied不满足的；D. relaxed放松的。根据上 文 “push half-tied cake boxes into plastic bags with embarrassmem” 可知，我曾经因为尴尬，把半捆好的蛋糕 盒塞进塑料袋，由此可知，我曾经为自己做不好这件事感到羞愧，由此可知，这里指我开始意识到我不应 该为此感到羞愧。故选B项。【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我偶尔会再次陷入绝望，但我总是重新把绳子绕在我的手上，重新开始， 因为我知道最令人满意的胜利来自于不放弃。A. handed交、递；B. turned转动；C. started开始；D. took拿 走。根据句中“rewrapped the siring around my hand”可知，我重新把绳子绕在我的手上，由此可知，我并 没有放弃，而是决定重新开始。故选C项。【35题详解】 考杳动词短语词义辨析。句意：尽管我偶尔会再次陷入绝望，但我总是重新把绳子绕在我的手上，重新开 始,因为我知道最令人满意的胜利来自于不放弃。A. showing up出现：B. giving up放弃;C. bringing up抚 养；D. taking up占用。根据句中“rewrapped the string around my hand”可知，我重新把绳子绕在我的手上, 我决定再次练习系盒子，由此可知，我不打算放弃，因为我知道最令人满意的胜利来自于不放弃。故选B 项。第II卷 注意：请用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第三部分语言运用第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)A阅读下面短文，在空白处填入I个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Tu Youyou, a 36 (commit) and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, in 1930. She graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955. After she graduated, she worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing, and in 1967 she joined a team of scientists 37 objective was to discover a new treatment for malaria. In 1969, she became the head of the project. She and her team 38 (exam) over 2,000 old Chinese medical texts 39 (find) traditional botanical treatments for the disease. They discovered and tested 380 ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria, 40 (use) a lower temperature to draw out the extract from sweet wormwood, Tu Youyou found a substance that worked. After failing more than 190 times, they finally succeeded in 1971.【答案】36. committed37. whose 38. examined39. to findUsing【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了科学家屠呦呦的生平事迹。【36题详解】考查形容词。句意：1930年，屠呦呦出生于宁波，是一位敬业、有耐心的科学家。分析句子，设空处应该 使用形容词作定语。commit的形容词为committed,意为“敬业的"。故填committed。37题详解】考查定语从句。句意：1967年，她加入了一个旨在发现疟疾新疗法的科学家团队。分析句子，设空处引导 的是定语从句，引导词在从句中作定语，指代”该团队的二故填whose。【38题详解】考杳动词时态。句意：她和她的团队研究了 2000多篇占老的中国医学文献，以找到治疗这种疾病的传统植 物疗法。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，此处表示的是过去发生的事实，故使用一般过去时。故填 examined,【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子，句中examined为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。此处 表示目的，作状语，故使用不定式。故填t。And。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：用较低的温度提取艾草的提取物，屠呦呦发现了一种有效的物质。分析句子，句 中found为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。TuYouyou与find之间是主动关系，同时表示伴随，故 使用现在分词作状语。同时该空置于句首，首字母要大写。故填Using。B阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Just like 41 (sneak) language, body language varies from culture to culture. For example, making eye contact is a way to display interest in some countries. By contrast, eye contact is not always approved 42 in other countries. Even the gesture fbr “OK" differs around the world. In Japan, people might think it means money. In France, a person may interpret it as 43(mean) zero. And in many countries, shaking one's head means "no",and nodding means “yes”. By 44(compare), the gestures have the opposite m