2022-2023学年甘肃省天水一中高二（上）第一次段考英语试卷（附答案详解）.docx

20222023学年甘肃省天水一中高二(上)第一次段考英语试卷AShakespeare's Globe Exhibition&Theatre Tour is a special international visit to enjoy Shakespeare's work.Open all year round, it gives you an opportunity to learn more about the most famous playwright, Shakespeare, and helps you have a better understanding of him.Group Visits to the Exhibition&Theatre Tour"Opening HoursExhibition： Monday-Friday： 9： 00 p.m.Weekends： 9： 30 p.m.Theatre Tours： Monday-Sunday： 9： 00 p.m.Groups of 15 people or more are required to pre-book their visit, and each group will have its own guide for free.To make a reservation, please fill in a Group Request Form and return it to us via email.Exhibition and Tour PricesAdult： 15.00 Senior (60+) ： 13.50Student (with valid ID) ： 11.50 Child (5-15) ： 8.00Complimentary： Every 16th person is free"Getting hereShakespeare Globe 21 New Globe Walk, London SEI9 DT, UK.Visitors are advised to arrive by public transport or by taxi.There is a car park on ThamesExchange on the north side of Southwark Bridge (open 24 hours, seven days a week) .Taxis may be found all year round on Southwark Bridge."Where to eatSwan at Shakespeare's Globe offers modern British seasonal food for dinner, afternoon tea or drinks in our beautiful bar and restaurant set over two floors, available for pre-and post-theatre dining.1. When can you pay a visit to the exhibition ? A. 8 a.m.on Sunday.B. 11 ： 30 a.m.on Friday.C. 4： 40 p.m.on Saturday.D. 6 p.m.on Tuesday.2. If a group of 16 adults visit it, how much money should they pay? A. 240.B. 225.C. 184.D. 216.3. Where can we probably read the text? A. A theater poster.B. A history textbook.C. A fiction novel.D. A travel guide.B（3 ）D.细节理解题。根据第五段"Anthocyanins,which accumulate （积累）in grape cells and contribute rich color to wine,are water-soluble.（花青素在葡萄细胞中积累并为葡萄酒提供丰富的颜色，是水 溶性的。）”可知，花青素为葡萄酒提供了丰富的颜色。故选D。（4） A.细节理解题。根据最后一段"Yudron,a resident of Nam,said she was grateful to the grape planting project in her village,which has contributed to her income and quality of life.（南村居民 Yudron 说， 她很感激村里的葡萄种植项目,该项目为她的收入和生活质量做出了贡献。尸可知I,对于Hua Sheng 和Lu Sheng的葡萄种植项目，Yudron是心怀感激的。故选A。这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述一对退休的西藏夫妇在晚年搬到拉萨城郊，他们在那里种葡萄并 酿制葡萄酒，并为农村居民提供工作，促进了当地经济的发展。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。811.【答案】A、C、D、B【解析】（1） A.细节理解题。根据第一段中的In 1955, at age 12, I became obsessed （着 迷） with the idea of recording an album for ourparents to do something in celebration of their wedding day. （1955 年，在我 12 岁的时候，我开始痴 迷于为我们的父母录制一张专辑，以庆祝他们的婚礼。）可知，为了庆祝父母的结婚纪念日，作 者和弟弟妹妹准备一起录制唱片送给他们。故选A。（2） C.细节理解题。根据第三段中的To pay for the recording,I saved the money I earned from helping my aunty Maein the school holidays.（为了 支付录音的费用, 我把在学校放假期间帮我梅阿姨忙挣的钱存了起来。）可知，录制唱片的费用是作者在假期给梅 阿姨帮忙挣来的钱。故选C。（3） D.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的My parents had been secretly warned by my aunt about our surprise, and unknown to us, they were downstairs in the appliance shop buying the radiogram while we were upstairs recording.（我 的姑姑私下警告我的父母我们会感到惊讶，但我们并不知道，他们在楼下的电器店买无线电报， 而我们在楼上录音。）可知，当作者和弟弟妹妹在楼上录音棚录制唱片的时候，他们的父母在楼 下购买可以播放唱片的机子。故选D。（4） B.推理判断题。根据第一段中的 In 1955, at age 12, I became obsessed （着 迷）with the idea of recording an album for ourparents to do something in celebration of their wedding day. （1955 年,在我 12 岁的时候,我开始痴 迷于为我们的父母录制一张专辑，以庆祝他们的婚礼。）可知，从作者提出为父母录制唱片来庆 祝父母的结婚纪念日可以看出，作者很有爱心且考虑周到。故选B。本文是一篇日常生活类阅读。文章主要讲述了作者及弟弟妹妹三人为了庆祝父母的结婚纪念日悄 悄录制唱片的故事。1 .直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2 .间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进 行转换。3 .综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落 在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析。1215.【答案】A、C、B、D【解析】（1） A.细节理解题。根据第一段"Now,in a new study,scientists have pointed the exact age at which your chances of reaching fluency in a second language seem to rise： 10.（现在, 在一项新的研 究中，科学家指出，掌握一门外语的准确年龄似乎在上升：10岁）”可知，新研究最重要的发现是 学习第二语言的最佳年龄。故选A项。（2） C.细节理解题。根据第三段"Kids may be better than adults at learning new languages for many reasons.Children's brains are more plastic than those of adults,meaning they're better able to adapt and respond to new information.（孩子在学习新语言方面可能比成年人强，原因有很多。儿童的大脑比 成年人更具可塑性，这意味着他们能更好地适应并对新信息做出反应）”可知，孩子似乎比成年人 更擅长学习第二语言是因为孩子对新事物的适应性更强。故选C项。（3） B.推理判断题。根据最后一段"People progress better when they learn by immersion rather than simplyinaclassroom.（沉浸式学习比单纯在教室里学习更能让人进步）”可推断，想要流利地说第 二语言，Hartshorne建议采用沉浸式学习方式。故选B项。（4） D.文章出处题。根据第一段"Now,in anew study,scientists have pointed the exact age at which your chances of reaching fluency in a second language seem to rise： 10.（现在，在一项新的研究中，科学 家指出，掌握一门外语的准确年龄似乎在上升：10岁）”以及接下来的内容可知，本文主要介绍了 学习第二外语的最佳年龄，这属于教育范畴，由此可推断，本文最有可能出自报纸的“教育”部分。故选D项。本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有关学习外语的最佳年龄的研究。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语 句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分 析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。1620 ,【答案】G、C、B、E、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据上文 Believe it or not, although success may look different to everyone, there is a common list of keys to achieving success.Once you learn how to succeed,you can apply these tools to bringing about success in different areas of your life.（信不信由你, 尽管每 个人对成功的看法都不一样，但获得成功的秘诀是相同的。一旦你学会了如何成功，你就可以运 用这些方法在生活的不同领域取得成功。）可知下文会列出秘诀，而空格后面的they指代的是G 学习中的 keys,所以 G.The keys listed below will help you unlock success in your life.（下面列出的 秘诀将帮助你开启人生的成功之门。）符合语境，故选G。（2）联系上文题。根据上文中Planning well starts with figuring out what you want and writing it down in detail.It's important to have c larity on your idea of success.（做好计划首先要弄清楚你想要什么，并把它详细地写下来。重要的 是要清楚你对成功的定义。）所以C.This is the foundation for your plan.（这是你计划的基础。） 符合语境，其中的this指代上文的”你对成功的定义”，故选C。（3）段落标题题。根据本段内容This can make the difference between your plans ending in failure and succeeding despite a bump （碰 撞）in the road.So start by making a list of things that could go wrong in your plan.Then create workar ounds and backups （备份）for each potential problem.（这就决定了你的计划是以失败告终，还是 在路上遇到坎坷后获得成功。所以，从列出计划中可能出错的地方开始吧。然后为每个潜在的问 题创建变通方案和备份。）可知本段讲述的是要做好充分的准备以防意外，所以B.Prepare for the unexpected.（为意外做好准备。）符合语境，故选B。（4）联系下文题。根据下文At the same time,each piece of failure on that road probably looks different from the other pieces.（与止匕同时， 这条路上 的每一个失败都可能看起来与其他的不同。）可知成功的路上有很多失败，所以E.The road to success is paved with failure.（成功之路是由失败铺成的。）符合语境，故选E。（5） 联系上文题。 根据上文 Saying no means knowing yourself, your boundaries （界限），and being able to determine what's worth your time and energy.（说“不"意味着了解你自己，你的底线， 并能够决定什么值得你的时间和精力。）可知此处介绍了说“不”的好处，所以D.It leaves room for the right opportunity.（它为合适的机会留下了空间。）符合语境，故选D。 这是一篇说明文，尽管每个人对成功的看法都不一样，但获得成功的秘诀是相同的，本文主要介 绍了一些成功的秘诀。关于选句填空的做题步骤：步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置： 标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。步骤五：区分相似项。21 35,【答案】A、B、C、D、C、A、B、A、D、B、A、D、A、C、B【解析】(1)考查形容词及语境理解。A.easy容易的；B.hard困难的；C.fun有趣的；口出001好 的。根据上句When our kids misbehave可知当我们的孩子行为不端时，我们很容易愤怒。故答案 为Ao(2)考查形容词及语境理解。A.wrong错误的；B.useful有用的；C.new新的；D.simple简单的。 根据上句When our kids misbehave, it*s( 1 )for us to react with anger可知当我们的孩子行为不端时, 我们很容易愤怒，但这不是一个有用的方法。故答案为B。(3)考查形容词及语境理解。A.tough艰难的；B.tiring令人疲惫的；C.necessary必须的；D上oring 令人乏味的。根据空后 it is to help our kids understand why they act the way they do 可知有必要帮助 我们的孩子理解他们为什么这样做。故答案为C。(4)考查形容词及语境理解。A.close亲密的；B.grateful感激的；C.friendly友好的；D.impolite 不礼貌的。根据前文 When our kids misbehave, it's (1) for us to react with anger 可矢口当我们的孩子 行为不端时，我们很容易愤怒，说明孩子对我不礼貌。故答案为D。(5)考查连词及语境理解。A.if如果；B.though尽管；C.unless除非；D.because因为。起初，她 只是看着我，我解释说，我不能帮助她，除非我知道什么是错的。蔡博士说。故答案为C。(6)考查动词及语境理解。A.understand理解；B.answer回答；C.discuss讨论;D.hide躲藏。根 据下句 Instead of assuming she was rude because she was mean (亥！J薄的)，Dr.Chae guessed that something had happened可知蔡博士没有因为她刻薄而认为她粗鲁，而是猜测 发生了什么事情。说明蔡博士想理解她生气的原因。故答案为A。(7)考查动词及语境理解。A.smiling微笑；B.crying哭；C.shaking晃动;D.coughing咳嗽。根据 下句Looking at her tearful face可知看着她泪流满面的脸，说明她哭了。故答案为B。(8)考查动词及语境理解。A.comforted安慰；B.reminded提醒；C.warned警告；D.praised夸奖。 根据上句Looking at her tearful face可知看着她泪流满面的脸，说明蔡博士安慰了她。故答案为A。(9)考查固定短语及语境理解。A.in order有序的；B.in need需要帮助的；C.in place在合适的地 方；D.in trouble处于麻烦中。根据上句Sometimes Mom just doesn't feel h叩py either.可知有时候妈 妈也觉得不开心。说明你和大人一样没有麻烦。故答案为D。(10)考查形容词及语境理解。A.disappointed失望的；B.shocked惊讶的；C.confused困惑的；D.excited兴奋的。根据下句other people feel the same way now and then可知她的女儿很惊讶地听到 其他人偶尔也会有同样的感觉。故答案为B。(11)考查名词及语境理解。A.tip建议;B.inspiration灵感;C.right权力；D.message信息。根据 下句 When you aren't quite feeling right but don't want to be (12) , you can whisper,Em not feeling my best self； I need a (13)可知当你感觉不太对劲但又不想尴尬的时候，你可以小 声说，我感觉不到自己的最佳状态；我需要一分钟。”说明这是一条建议。故答案为A。(12)考查形容词及语境理解。A.special特殊的；B.ashamed羞愧的；C.unkind不善的；D.embarrassed 尴尬的。根据上句When you aren't quite feeling right可知当你感觉不太对劲但又不想尴尬的时候。 故答案为D。(13)考查名词及语境理解。A.minute分钟；B.hug拥抱；Chand手；D.vacation假期。根据下句 her daughter felt better after calming down alone可知她女儿独自冷静下来后感觉好多了。说明一分 钟冷静后就好了。故答案为A。(14)考查名词及语境理解。A.plan计划；B.theory理论；C.method方法；D.view观点。根据前 文 When you aren't quite feeling right but don't want to be (12) ， you can whisper,Pm not feeling my best self； I need a (13) ,'可知当你感觉不太对劲但又不想尴尬的时候，你可以小 声说，我感觉不到自己的最佳状态；我需要一分钟。说明这是一种冷静下来的方法。故答案为C。(15)考查形容词及语境理解。A.happy高兴的;B.terrible可怕的;C.cheerful欢呼的;D.confident 自信的。 根据前文 When you aren*t quite feeling right but don't want to be (12) , you can whisper, I'm not feeling my best self； I need a (13) .,可知当你感觉不太对劲但又不想尴尬的时候，你可以小 声说，我感觉不到自己的最佳状态；我需要一分钟。说明是当她状态非常差的时候。故答案为B。 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了蔡博士给父母的建议：在孩子状态不好的时候，要了解原因，控 制脾气，让孩子冷静下来。完形填空题的命题趋势解题步骤：1 .通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大 意，这是解题的基础。2 .瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的 原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下 文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。 3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留 的少数疑难问题。4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文 文意连贯。36【答案】小题1 stayed【小题2】a【小题3 or【小题4】Naturally【小题5 To make【小题6】decorated【小题 7 yourself/yourselves【小题8】wonderful【小题9 why【小题10 best【解析】（1）考查动词时态。句意：我的父亲是一名教师，我的母亲留在家里照顾我和我刚出生 的小弟弟。由文章时态以及前面的was可知，此处应为一般过去时。故填stayed。（2）考查冠词。句意：那年圣诞节，我的父母面临着一个艰难的选择。由choice为单数名词以及 结合句意可知，此处应为泛指一个选择，为不定冠词a/an+可数名词单数形式。又因difficult为首 音节辅音单词，所以为a。故填a。（3）考查连词。句意：我爸跟我妈说他要么付房租要么给我们送圣诞礼物。由句意可知，此处应 为连词or表示“或者”满足句意要求。故填or。（4）考查副词。句意：他们自然认为房租更重要。由单个副词作状语修饰整个句子可知，此处为 副词的填入。故填Naturally。（5）考查动词不定式。句意：为了在平安夜让我们大家都开心，妈妈建议我们开车去罗切斯特, 看看被节日彩灯装饰的城市，我们都同意了。分析句子可知，此处为动词不定式形式t。do”为 了”做目的状语，满足句意要求。故填To make。（6）考查过去分词。句意：为了在平安夜让我们大家都开心，妈妈建议我们开车去罗切斯特，看 看被节日彩灯装饰的城市，我们都同意了。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰city, 因city和decorate为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填decoratedo（7）考查反身代词。句意：如果你/你们还没有圣诞树，请自己拿一个。由句意可知，此处为help yourself/yourselves”请自便”为固定短语，满足句意要求。故填yourself/yourselves。（8）考查形容词。句意：不需要留下任何钱一一祝你假期愉快！由空后holiday为名词可知，此 处为形容词修饰该名词。故填wonderful o（9）考查宾语从句。句意：那一刻我不明白爸爸为什么哭了，但现在我知道了。分析句子可知, 此处为连词why”为什么”引导的宾语从句，连接词why在从句中作状语成分，符合句意要求。故 填 why。（10）考查形容词最高级。句意：我觉得这是我们度过的最棒的圣诞节。由句意以及空前the可 知，此处应为形容词的最高级形式best修饰Christmas,满足句意要求。故填best。这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和她的家人们曾经度过的最棒的圣诞节的故事。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点 有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在 平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。37 .【答案】How to get along well with your classmatesThere are quite a few students who think it is difficult to get along well with their classmates.高分句型 However, it's not so hard.I can get along well with my classmates and we often help with each other.My ways to get along well with my classmates are as follows.（自己和同学相处的情况） First of alL you should be kind and friendly to your classmates, and once they meet difficult problems, you should offer your hand at once.高分句型二】In return, they are going to be helpful when you are in trouble.In addition, you had better take an active part in activities, where you will have more opportunities to communicate with your classmates.As a result, you have a better understanding with each other and can get along well with each other.（和同学友好相处的建议）【解析】高分句型一There are quite a few students who think it is difficult to get along well with their classmates. 翻译：有相当多的学生认为很难与同学相处融洽。分析：句子里，who 引导定语从句 think it is difficult to get along well with their classmateso 高分句型二First of alb you should be kind and friendly to your classmates, and once they meet difficult problems， you should offer your hand at once.翻译：首先，你应该对你的同学友善，一旦他们遇到困难，你应该马上帮助他们。分析：句子里，once引导条件状语从句they meet difficult problemso 写作步骤：第一步：审题，确定体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和内容要点，避免填表式或履历表式表达。 第二步：拟定提纲，创造良好的开端；叙述得体，布局谋篇；巧妙过渡，完美结尾。第三步：遣词造句，套用句型，上下衔接，地道表达，行文成篇（注意“参考词汇”的提示作用）。38 .答案【小题 1 Paragraph 1 ：Inspired by his own life story, David decided to do something for that boy.He went to the woman, who immediately recognized him because she had read his books and seen his pictures.高分句型一 David started to chat with her patiently.He told the mother that what she said to her boy was not appropriate.Then he told her about the encouragement he once got from Mrs.Brown.In the end ，he said, “I couldn*t have become a writer if I had believed I was good at nothing'1 （David 决定去为男孩做些事情，他将自己的 经历告诉这个女人）Paragraph 2：The mother was ashamed when she heard that.She realized that she shouldn't have called her son stupid, which would make him lose confidence in himself.【高分句型二So, she said, "Thank you for your advice.I'll never say such things to him again.Instead, I find out what he's good at and encourage him."The woman then left with the boy.Looking at the back of the boy, David felt relieved and hoped his action could make some difference to the boy.（女人意识到自己的错误，非常感谢David）【小题2】略【解析】这是一篇记叙文，本文讲述了作者通过自己的经历告诉一位母亲应该多鼓励孩子。高分句型一： He went to the woman, who immediately recognised him because she had read his books and seen his pictures.翻译：他去找那个女人，她立刻认出了他，因为她读过他的书，看过他的照片。分析：本句使用了 who引导的非限制性定语从句。高分句型二：She realized that she shouldn't have called her son stupid, which would make him lose confidence in himself.翻译：她意识到自己不该称儿子为愚蠢的男孩，这会让他对自己失去信心。分析：本句使用了 that引导的宾语从句以及which引导的非限制性定语从句。解题方法点拨（1）品读原文，确定文章线索每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是 以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生''顺藤摸瓜（结尾）（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求一般短文后面的“注意”都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下 划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到“心中有数”。（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确 定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。 拟写时一，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下 文连贯。Hua Sheng and Lu Sheng,a retired Tibetan couple,have become trailblazers （开拓者）of grape growing and wine-making in their old ages.Lu Sheng learned grape planting and winemaking from her grandmother's sister.Since they retired,the couple have moved to Lhasa from the village of Yakhadi.Though the fact that the region*s capital,which is 3, 600 meters above sea level,is considered unfit for growing grapes,Lu Sheng and Hua Sheng began an ambitious project in 2015, planting grapes in Tsalna,a town in the suburb of Lhasa.They received support from the local government,which is committed to developing business and the economy.The couple's project provides jobs for rural residents,and,as a result,the government has considered the project part of its poverty relief program."Lhasa is an ideal place for planting French grape varieties that are resistant to cold,drought and disease,and adaptable to high-altitude an