初中英语一般将来时专项语法讲解(网络).doc
初中英语一般将来时主要构成形式 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作，事情或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作或事情。1will/shall+动词原形 shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。will not=won't shall not=shan't例如：Which paragraph shall I read first？ 我先读哪一段呢？Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七点回家好吗？2 be going to +不定式，表示将来。a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。例如：What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢？b. 方案，安排要发生的事。例如：The play is going to be produced next month。这出戏下月开播。c. 有迹象要发生的事。例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云，快要下雨了。3 be +不定式表将来，按方案或正式安排将发生的事。例如：We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。4 be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。例如：He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。注意：be about to do 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。 Notice:be to和be going tobe to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to 表示主观的打算或方案。例如：I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我去踢球。客观安排I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我想去踢球。主观安排5.现在进行时表将来时以下动词的现在进行时表示将来时go e.fly.leave.start.begin.finish.end.arrive and so on.she is leaving for Wuhan tomorrow.6.一般现在时表将来1以下动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开？十分钟后。2以here, there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。例如：Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 车来了。There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 铃响了。3在时间或条件句中。例如：When Bill comes 不是will come, ask him to wait for me. 比尔来后，让他等我。I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里，就写信给你。4在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等的宾语从句中。例如：I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他们下星期玩得开心。Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 离开房间前，务必把窗户关了。 be going to和will 的区别 be going to和will 的用法虽然都表示将来发生动作或情况，一般情况下能互换。但它们的用法是有区别的。1be going to主要用于： 1、表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、方案要做的事情。E.g. What are you going to do today? 今天你们打算做什么？ Dad and I are going to watch an opera this afternoon. 今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌剧。 Im going to play the violin. 我打算拉小提琴。Shes going to play the piano. 她打算弹钢琴。 2、表示根据目前某种迹象判断，某事非常有可能发生。E.g.Look! There come the dark clouds. It is going to rain. 瞧！乌云密集，天要下雨。I am afraid I am going to have a cold. 恐怕我要患重感冒。(2) will主要用于在以下几个方面： 1、表示单纯的未来“将要通用各个人称。eg:They will go to visit the factory tomorrow. 明天他们将去工厂参观。Ill come with Wang Bing, Liu Tao and Yang Ling. 我将和王兵、刘涛、杨玲一起来。 2、表示不以人的意志为转移的自然开展的未来的事。eg:Today is Saturday. Tomorrow will be Sunday. 今天是星期六。明天是将是星期日。He will be thirty years old this time next year. 明年这个时候他就将三十岁。 3、问对方是否愿意做某事或表示客气地邀请或命令。eg: Will you please turn on the radio? 请翻开收音机好吗？Will you go to the zoo with me? 你和我一起去动物园好吗？一般将来是特殊用法：1) be +不定式表将来，按方案或正式安排将发生的事。 We are to talk about the report next Saturday.2 be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。 He is about to leave for Beijing. 注意：be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。3有些表趋向性的动词可用想在进行时表将来：例如：go，come，arrive，fly(飞往)，reach到达，stay，leave，start, die.如：Im going to go to the zoo this weenend.= Im going to the zoo this weenend. Hes going to leave for Paris.= Hes leaving for Paris. The old man is dying.=The old man will die. 这个老人要去世。练习题1 What time _we meet at the gate tomorrow?A will B shall C do D are2 He will have a holiday as soon as he _the work next week.A finishes B doesnt finish C will finish D wont finish3 There _some showers this afternoon.A will be B will have C is going to be D are going to have4 It _my brothers birthday tomorrow. She _a party.A is going to be; will have B will be; is having C will be; is going to have D will have; is going to be5 Li Ming is 10 years old now, next year he _11.A is B is going to be C will be D will to be答案： 1 B 2A 3A 4C 5 C二、 填空1 -“I need some paper. - “I _(bring)some for you.2_(be)you free tomorrow?3 They _(not leave) until you come back.4 _we_(go) to the party together this afternoon?5 They want to know when the meeting _start.6 I _(go) with you if I have time.7 Hurry up! Or we _(be) late.8What _you _(do) tomorrow afternoon?9 Jenny _ _ (do) an experiment the day after tomorrow.10 If she isnt free tomorrow, she _(not take) part in the party.答案： 1 will bring 2 Are 3 wont leave 4Shall go 5 will 6 will go 7 will be 8 are going to do 9 will do 10 wont take三、 There be结构的一般将来时易出错例：There_ a basketball match this afternoon. (B)A is going to be B is going to have C are going to be D are going to have答案：A解析：There be结构的一般将来时既要符合There be结构，又要符合一般将来时。有的同学认为have当“有讲，所以选了B，但There be结构就不成立了，此句中is是be going to中的，是由后边的单数名词决定的.四、 be going to结构中易丢掉to例：Im going _(go) school by bike tomorrow. (C)A to will go B to go to C go to D to go答案：B解析：由tomorrow可知是一般将来时，be going to +动词原形，所以先确定用to go , 在B、 D当中选，而go to school 是固定词组，不能因为前边有一个to而省略，这是一个易错点，需要注意。另外，在时间状语或条件状语从句中，假设主句用了将来时，从句那么用一般现在时，前边已经讲过,这里不在重复.
