新视界大学英语综合教程2unit.ppt

Warming uWarming up pSkimmingSkimmingDiggingDiggingCritical thinkingCritical thinkingLanguage in useLanguage in useUnfamiliar wordsUnfamiliar wordsInterpretingInterpretingTalking pointTalking point SkimmingSkimmingBrowse the passage within 8 minutes to get a rough idea about it.Answer the questions of Activity 2 and 3 on page 142.TaskTaskSkimmingSkimming Number the events in the order they happened.The taxi cut in front of another car.A policeman asked the writer what had happened.The passenger from the car embraced the taxi driver.The driver of the car got out and came towards the taxi.Several policemen arrived.The writer took a taxi while on holiday in Morocco.The car driver kissed the taxi driver.Everybody shook hands.The car driver tried to kick the taxi driver.The policeman kissed the taxi driver.Correct order:26 9 3 5 1 8 10 4 7 SkimmingSkimming Answer the questions.1 Why did the writer feel safe in Morocco?Because the guide told the writer that Morocco has very little crime.Besides,the writer found everybody in Marrakesh was very friendly and behaved politely.2 Why was the car driver so angry?Because the taxi had cut him up in traffic.3 How did the policeman resolve the problem?He spoke to everyone and got the car driver and the passenger to apologize to the taxi driver.SkimmingSkimming4 How did the taxi driver feel after the incident?He felt triumphant and happy.5 What does the writer think about the way the matter was settled?The writer thought it was a fairly good way as the taxi drivers honour had been satisfied,and the time and fees were saved.6 Why did the car driver respect the policeman?Because the Moroccan culture gives policemen a very high level of authority.SkimmingSkimming7 What have policemen in Western democracies lost?The policemen in Western democracies lost their status needed to resolve disputes in the street such as this.8 What do people seeking justice often want?They just want an apology.A simple way to keep law and order译文译文DiggingDigging People are often frustrated by a complicated justice system when all they want is an apology,says Boris Johnson.1 Uh-oh,I thought,this is where it all goes wrong.The car in front of us came screaming to a stop and the driver door slammed.Towards us he walked,face pale,eyes burning like coals.Background Info.2 As he opened our car door I half expected him to pull a knife from his white jeans.In the instant before he physically attacked our driver I remembered the information in the guidebook.DiggingDigging3 Morocco,said the guide,has very little crime.You may be offered all sorts of things at extraordinary prices,but no one,said the guidebook,will threaten you with violence.译文译文DiggingDigging4 After two days walking around the city of Marrakesh,I found that this was correct.Everybody smiled.Nobody so much as bumped into us.No one even raised his voice,except the muezzin.5 Which made it all the more surprising to see this volcano of rage.The young man,of about 19,shouted at our driver to come out of the car and then aimed a kick at his head.译文译文DiggingDigging6 As the guidebook had predicted,however,the police were almost immediately on the scene.7 First across the road were two traffic cops.The taxi driver shouted at the man who had attacked him in what sounded like severe language.译文译文DiggingDigging8 More police arrived in a van proclaiming them to belong to the Sret Nationale.Out stepped a man in a leather jacket.Both sides began explaining their cases,the taxi driver complaining that he was the victim of physical violence,the kids protesting that the taxi had cut them up.译文译文DiggingDigging9 The policeman clapped his hands for silence.His brown eyes looked into mine.Tell me what happened,he said.The chap had indeed kicked at the taxi driver,I asserted,though whether the boot had connected with the head I could not say.译文译文DiggingDigging10 Suddenly the policeman clapped his hands again and barked Arabic at everyone.Thats it,I assumed:We are all going to be taken off to the police station for a few boring hours.Then things got very odd indeed.译文译文DiggingDigging11 First the cop spoke kindly to the taxi driver,and then kissed him on his head.Then the 19-year-old made a short speech to the taxi driver,bowed and kissed him on the cheek.Then his male passenger also embraced the taxi driver and there was general shaking of hands and embracing by everyone.And that believe me was it.译文译文DiggingDigging12 As we drove off for the remains of our evening,the taxi driver was full of his triumph.He had been offered money by the young man,which he had refused,but he had been given an apology.Honour,he felt,was satisfied.译文译文DiggingDigging13 Now what would we think if our police brought people to justice by ordering them to apologize on the spot,to pay compensation for any injury done,and to complete the procedure by giving them a kiss?14 Wed think it pretty strange.But think of the saving in police time,legal fees and general public expense,and the improvement in the crime figures!DiggingDigging15 In 1861 the famous English lawyer Sir Henry Maine stated that the movement of progressive societies has been from status to contract.Maine suggested that societies legal structures began by imitating the family.Just as a son was expected to obey his father,so a subject was expected to obey his king.DiggingDigging16 And there is no doubt that the status of the king,in Morocco,is still very high,and his representative the leather-jacketed cop has an authority that you dont find in policemen in mature Western democratic countries,who dont have the status to resolve disputes in the street.They have procedures,and rules,and I think thats quite right too.The movement from status to contract is good because it protects the individual against corruption and the arbitrary exercise of power.DiggingDigging17 But it has also made obtaining justice complicated,expensive,slow and frustrating.Ask anyone who goes to court,or to the police,to make a complaint and seek justice.What they want,very often,is not money or to punish someone.DiggingDigging18 What they want is for a public admission that they have been wronged.What they want is an apology.19 That is what the cab driver got,and that is why he was so happy.He was so happy that he even reduced our fare.20 He still cheated us,mind you.There is some way to go in the movement towards paying whats on the meter in Moroccan taxis.1.Uh-oh,I thought,(Line 1,Para 1)uh-oh:a sound of apprehension which means“Oh dear!Something bad is going to happen.”Difficult sentences Difficult sentences Difficult sentences Difficult sentences 2.Towards us he walked,face pale,eyes burning like coals.(Line 3,Para 1)eyes burning like coals:a simile,expressing the young mans look of red-hot angerDifficult sentences Difficult sentences 3.Which made it all the more surprising to see this volcano of rage.(Line 1,Para 5)volcano of rage:a metaphor which indicates the young man is exploding with his angerDifficult sentences Difficult sentences 4.First across the road were two traffic cops.(Line 1,Para 7)cop:a neutral slang term for police officers.The full form is copper,which refers to people who cop(抓，获)or catch criminals.Difficult sentences Difficult sentences 5.More police arrived in a van proclaiming them to belong to the Sret Nationale.(Line 1,Para 8)The police did not necessarily say they were from the police authority,as there was a sign on the side of the van to indicate this.Difficult sentences Difficult sentences 6.In 1861 the famous English lawyer Sir Henry Maine stated that the movement of progressive societies has been from status to contract.(Line 1,Para 15)The writer suggests as the policeman represents the king of Morocco,people will as a result obey him.In a democracy,the policeman represents the public;as he is their own representative,they will not simply obey his orders.status:It refers to the authority with a high position.contract:It means the system of agreements which makes a democratic society work,ie the balance of rights and duties.Difficult sentences Difficult sentences 7.The movement from status to contract is good because it protects the individual against corruption and the arbitrary exercise of power.(Line 8,Para 16)the arbitrary exercise of power:The expression indicates if a police officer can tell people what to do,his decisions may be based on friendship,prejudice,corruption etc.The British attitude is that power needs to be spread out,exercised openly and follow routines and rules.Difficult sentences Difficult sentences 8.He still cheated us,mind you.(Line 1,Para 20)This is intended as a humorous ending.mind you:It is used when saying something that is almost the opposite of what you have just said,or thatexplains or emphasizes it;an informal way of saying though.(Examples)apology 释义释义n.C a statement that tells someone that you are sorry for doing something wrong or causing a problem 道歉；认错 例句例句They were kind enough to accept my apology.他们非常宽厚，接受了我的道歉。翻译翻译WordsWords例句例句He made an apology to me for losing my book.他为丢了我的书而向我道歉。翻译翻译释义释义1n.sing an exact point in time 当时；那一刻 例句例句Please call the instant they arrive.他们一到你就请给我打电话。翻译翻译WordsWordsinstant 例句例句He took out his keys to lock the door.At that very instant the door flew open and a man ran into the room.他掏出钥匙准备锁门，就在那一刹那，门突然被推开，一个人跑进了房间。翻译翻译真题真题You see the lightning the instant it happens,but you hear the thunder later.(Jan.1997.CET-4,Vocabulary and Structure)释义释义2n.C(usu sing)an extremely short period of time,that ends almost immediately 片刻；顷刻；刹那例句例句His news was too important to be contained for a single instant longer.他的消息太重要了，必须马上送出去，片刻都不耽误地。翻译翻译WordsWords例句例句The accident happened in an instant.事故发生在一瞬间。翻译翻译instant 释义释义例句例句Sandra threatened to run away from home.桑德拉威胁说要离家出走。翻译翻译WordsWordsvt.to tell someone that you might or you will cause them harm,especially in order to make them do something 威胁 例句例句Dont you threaten me!你不要威胁我！翻译翻译threaten 真题真题It is predicted that heavy rains are threatening to flood the area in a few days.(Jan.1992.CET-4,Vocabulary and Structure)bump 释义释义vi.to hit or knock against something 猛碰；撞 例句例句It was so dark I bumped into a tree.天太黑了，我撞到了树上。翻译翻译WordsWords例句例句翻译翻译I bumped my knee on the corner of the desk.我不小心把膝盖撞到了桌角上。短语短语：bump into释义释义vt.to say what you think will happen in the future 预测；预言 例句例句翻译翻译WordsWords例句例句Economists are predicting a fall in interest rates.翻译翻译经济学家预言利率将会下降。Its almost impossible to predict when or where a earthquake will occur.几乎不可能预测出地震发生的时间或地点。predict真题真题Though the long-term effect cannot be predicted,the project has been approved by the committee.(Jun.1994,CET-4,Vocabulary and structure)释义释义vt.to state something publicly 公开声明；宣布 例句例句Their religion encouraged them to proclaim their faith.他们的宗教鼓励他们公开表明自己的信仰。翻译翻译WordsWords例句例句Phillips has repeatedly proclaimed his innocence.菲利普斯不断地声明自己是清白的。翻译翻译proclaim victim 释义释义n.C someone who has been affected by a bad situation such as an accident or illness(事故的)受害者；患病者 例句例句Those children are the sad victims of their parents divorce.那些孩子因父母离婚而成为可怜的牺牲品。翻译翻译WordsWords例句例句Flood victims spent the night in local shelters.遭受洪灾的灾民在当地的避难所里过夜。翻译翻译clap 释义释义v.to hit your hands together,for example to get someones attention or because you are happy(为吸引某人注意或因高兴而)拍手例句例句The teacher clapped her hands,calling the kids back to order.老师拍手示意孩子们安静下来。翻译翻译WordsWords例句例句She clapped her hands and shouted,Rosie,stop that now!她拍了拍手喊道:“罗齐，快停下！”翻译翻译释义释义vi.to hit your hands together many times to show that you like something or admire someone 鼓掌例句例句They clapped as the president entered the room.总统走进房间时，他们鼓起掌来。翻译翻译WordsWords例句例句The audience was clapping wildly as she sang the last words of the song.翻译翻译当她唱到最后一句歌词时，观众们疯狂地鼓掌。clap 真题真题It is fairly common in Africa for there to be an ensemble of expert musicians surrounded by others who join in by clapping,singing,or somehow adding to the totality of musical sound.(Jan.1995,CET-4,Reading Comprehension)assert 释义释义vt.to state firmly that something is true 断言；声称 例句例句Its hard for shy people to assert themselves in a group.腼腆的人很难在群体中坚持自己的主张。翻译翻译WordsWords例句例句She always manages to assert her point of view.她总是能明确地说出自己的观点。翻译翻译释义释义vt.to believe that something is true,even though you have no proof 认为；以为例句例句翻译翻译WordsWordsIf you assume his innocence,who do you think the criminal is?如果你认为他无罪,那么你觉得罪犯是谁呢?例句例句翻译翻译Everyone accepted she was telling the truth,although in fact this was quite a lot to assume.每个人都认为她在讲真话，虽然实际上有很大程度是想当然的。assume 真题真题They assume the new generation of young people must be hopeless in this respect.(Jan.1996,CET-4,Reading Comprehension)triumph释义释义1n.U the proud or excited feeling you get when you have won something or been successful 胜利的喜悦之情；成功的满足感 例子例子翻译翻译WordsWords例句例句翻译翻译Her sense of triumph was short-lived.她成功的喜悦很短暂。a cry of triumph胜利的欢呼 真题真题If his aim is accurate and he scores a goal,he enjoys the hunters triumph of killing his prey(猎物).(Jun.1992,CET-4,Reading Comprehension)释义释义2n.C,U an exciting victory or success 胜利；成功 例句例句翻译翻译WordsWords例句例句翻译翻译Marys final triumph was to see both of her boys go to college.玛丽最大的成功就是看到自己的两个儿子都考上了大学。They returned home in triumph.他们胜利归来。triumphcompensation 释义释义n.U money that someone receives because something bad has happened to them 补偿金；赔偿金例句例句翻译翻译WordsWordsHe received one years salary as compensation for loss of office.他得到一年的工资作为失去职位的补偿金。例句例句翻译翻译People who are wrongly arrested can claim for compensation.被错误逮捕的人可以主张得到赔偿。释义释义a.supporting social and political change that aims to make a system fairer(在社会和政治方面)改良的；进步的；先进的 例子例子翻译翻译WordsWordsa progressive administration进步的政府 例句例句翻译翻译The new mayor is quite progressive.新任市长思想相当开明。progressive contract 释义释义n.C a written legal agreement between two people or businesses that says what each must do for the other or give to the other 合同；契约 例句例句翻译翻译WordsWordsRead the contract carefully before you sign it.签署合同以前要仔细阅读。Our company decided to cancel the contract because a number of the conditions in it had not been met.(Jun.1993,CET-4,Vocabulary and Structure)真题真题例句例句翻译翻译You should never sign a contract without getting legal advice first.你在没有进行法律咨询之前决不要签合同。imitate释义释义1vt.to copy something 仿制；仿效例句例句翻译翻译WordsWords你弟弟效仿你，因为他喜欢你。Your little brother imitates you because he likes you.例句例句翻译翻译有独创性的作家不是不模仿别人，而是别人模仿不了他。An original writer is not one who imitates nobody,but one whom nobody can imitate.Those who imitate a genuine hero experience life with new depth,enthusiasm,and meaning.(Jan.2003,CET-4,Reading Comprehension)真题真题释义释义2例句例句翻译翻译WordsWords演员把总统模仿得惟妙惟肖。The actor imitated the President perfectly.He has a unique ability to imitate any sound he has heard.例句例句翻译翻译他有能模仿听到的任何声音的特殊才能。vt.to copy someones actions,words,or behaviour,often in order to make people laugh(常为取悦他人而)模仿(某人的动作、言语或行为)imitatemature 释义释义1a.fully grown and developed 成年的；成熟的例句例句翻译翻译WordsWords紫罗兰成株能长到大约12英寸高。Mature violets reach a height of about 12 inches.Meat from mature animals is often tough.例句例句翻译翻译成年动物的肉常比较硬。释义释义2a.behaving in the sensible wa