2016考研英语（一）真题及答案解析（详细）.pdf

欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！2016考研英语（）真题及答案解析（详细）2016考研英语()真题及答案解析Section 1 Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text。Choose the best word（s）for each numbered blank and mark A，B，C or D onANSWER SHEET 1。（10 points）In Cambodia，the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male。It may involve not only his parents and hisfriends，_1_those of the young woman，but also a matchmaker。A young man can _2_ a likely spouse on his ownand then ask his parents to _3_the marriage negotiations，or the young mans parents may take the choice of aspouse，giving the child little to say in the selection。_4_，a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen。_5_ aspouse has been selected，each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying _6_ a good family。The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair。Formerly it lasted th ree days，_7_1980s it more commonly lasted aday and a half。Buddhi st priests offer a short sermon and _8_ prayers of blessing。Par-ts of th e ceremony involveritual hair cutting，_9_cotton threads soaked in holy water around the brides and grooms wrists，and _10_a candle around a circle ofhappily married and respe cted couples to bless the _11_。Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wifes parents and may_12_ with them up to a year，_13_they can build a new house nearby。Divorce is legal and easy to _14_，but not common。Divorced persons are _15_ with some disapproval。Eachspouse retains _16_ property he or she _17_ into the marriage，and jointly-acquired property is _18_ equally。Divorced persons may remarry，but a gender prejudice _19_up。The divorced male doesnt have a waiting period beforehe can remarry _20_the woman must wait ten months。1、A.by way of B.with regard to C.on behalf of D.as well as2、A.decide on B.provide for C.compete with D.adapt to3、A.close B.arrange C.renew D.postpone4、A.In theory B.Above all C.In time D.For example5、A.Unless B.Less C.After D.Although6、A.into B.within C.from D.through7、A.or B.since C.but D.so8、A.test B.copy C.recite D.create9、A.folding B.piling C.wrapping D.tying10、A.passing B.lighting C.hiding D.serving11、A.association B.meeting C.collection D.union12、A.deal B.part C.grow D.live13、A.whereas B.until C.for D.if14、A.avoid B.follow C.challenge D.obtain15、A.isolated B.persuaded C.viewed D.exposed16、A.wherever B.whatever C.whenever D.however17、A.changed B.brought C.shaped D.pushed18、A.invested B.divided C.donated D.withdrawn19、A.warms B.clears C.shows D.breaks欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！20、A.while B.so that C.once D.in that1.标准答案 Das well as考点分析 本题考察逻辑关系选项分析 因为考察逻辑关系，所以需要我们先对填空前后的原信息做定位分析：章处环境 not only。but also之中，这是个明显的并列关系，表“不仅且”该空与前句“his parents and his friends”也是并列关系，表“与他本以及伴侣的母朋友相关”所以答案只能是D。as well as。A.by way of通过B.with regard to 关于C.on behalf of 代表2.标准答案 A decide on考点分析 上下语义选项分析 根据该句的主语a young man与宾语a likely spouse的关系，答案只能是A。decide on 决定。表决定的对象。B。provide for 为提供准备C。compete with与竞争D。adapt to适3.标准答案 Barrange考点分析 上下语义及动词辨析选项分析 该句意思为，他可以选择中意的伴侣并让母_相关事务。四个选项中，A。close 关闭C renew 更新；恢复D postpone“推迟”，语义不正确，只有B arrange安排是符合语境。4.标准答案 AIn theory考点分析 上下语义选项分析逻辑判断题。主要是看前后两句的含义，前是说“他可以选择中意的伴侣并让母安排相关事务，或者乎不参与，完全让母选择的对象。”空格后说“可以拒绝她母所选择的对象。”这两句之间没有举例说明的关系，且有个may，更证明A。In theory的正确性。其他选项B。Above all最重要的是，C。In time 准时D。For example举例，均不符合题意。5.标准答案 CAfter考点分析 上下语义选项分析根据下“_a spouse has been selected，each family investigates the other”知道，只有对象选择好后，母才会去调查研究对的背景。所以只有after才对。其他选项A。Unless 除，否则B。Lest 以免，唯恐D。Although 尽管都不符合题意。6.标准答案 Ainto考点分析 上下语义及介词词义辨析选项分析 这主要是看marry与相关介词的固定搭配。这marry into就是指嫁到，其他选项均没有这层含义。7.标准答案 Cbut考点分析 逻辑关系题选项分析根据上，说传统的婚礼时间跨度很长，但是到了1980s，婚礼只持续天半。所以与前发转变。因此要选择but转折关系。8.标准答案 Crecite考点分析 上下语义及动词词义辨析选项分析空格处需要填个动词，和后的prayers of blessing所搭配，C 选项recite 为背诵的意思，与所给短语搭配最为合理，译为“为祈祷者做祈福”。9.标准答案 Dtying欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！考点分析 上下语义及动词词义辨析选项分析 本题需要根据上下语义分析，空格处需要搭配后“棉花线头”，纵观四个选项A折叠B堆积 C包裹 D系上，根据选项含义，只有D和后的“棉花线头”搭配最为合理。10.标准答案 Apassing考点分析 上下语义及动词词义辨析选项分析 本题根据选项A传递B点亮 C隐藏 D服务，原空格需要填写个动词与后“around a circle”来搭配，译为“将蜡烛传圈”，故A传递为正确选项。11.标准答案 Dunion考点分析 名词词义辨析选项分析 本题根据选项A协会，社团B会议，会 C集合 D结合。本句语义为“这些受尊敬的夫妻祈祷”根据语境，结婚是种夫妻的结合，因此，选项D结合更符合语境。12.标准答案 Dlive考点分析 上下语义及动词词义辨析选项分析 本题较简单。根据语义“根据传统，新婚夫妇要搬到妻母家，与母_年”根据语境，应为D居住为最佳答案。13.标准答案 Buntil考点分析 时间逻辑关系选项分析 根据原，“_他们在附近建造栋新房”A然B直到 C为 D如果结合语境，B直到最符合原语境，搭配最为合理。14.标准答案 Dobtain考点分析 上下语义及动词词义辨析选项分析 Divorce is legal and relatively easy to _14_，but not common。该句句意为离婚是合法的，且相对容易_。A.avoid 避免B.follow 跟随C.chanllenge挑战，质疑D.obtain获得。这出现and，所以对于离婚这件事不可能是避免或是挑战，但是跟随和离婚之间语义不符，但是获得离婚（的批准）是可以的。选 D。15.标准答案 D viewed考点分析 上下语义及动词词义辨析选项分析 Divorced persons are _15_ with some disapproval。离婚的些不赞同。在段，已经注明离婚是合法的且相对容易得到批准，但是不常见。这说明离婚在现实中肯定是不太受到们的欢迎的。接下来这句就说离婚的 些不赞同。再看选项：A.isolated孤B.persuaded劝说C.viewed看做D。exposed接触，受到的影响C选项固定搭配被认为，放进。16.标准答案 Bwhatever考点分析 语法选项分析Each spouse retains _16_ property he or she _17_ into the marriage，17个空对应的都是动词，所以该句意思为：夫妇双保有财产，这个财产是他或她（动词）进婚姻的。结合选项A whenever“论何地；任何（地）=anyplace where（定从）”。B whatever“论什么；任何（东西）=anything that/any+N that”。C whenever论何时；任何（时间=any time when）D however 论如何；论多么。根据语义，这应该不是让步的关系，且填的这个词还要能修饰property。因此，选择B=retains any property that he or she。17.标准答案 Bbrought考点分析 上下语义及动词义辨析选项分析 Each spouse retains _16_ property he or she _17_ into the marriage，结合选项A changed“改变”。Bbrought“带来”。C shaped“形成”D pushed“推，逼迫”。结合语境只有B符合，把财产带婚姻。欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！18.标准答案 Bdivided考点分析 上下语义及动词义辨析选项分析 and jointly-acquired property is _18_ equally。结合选项A invested投资。Bdivided平分C donated 捐赠Dwithdrawn撤出，提取。根据语义应该是共同财产被（夫妻双）平分。19.标准答案 Cshows考点分析 动词固定搭配选项分析 Divorced persons may remarry，but a gender prejudice_19_up。该句语义为离过婚的或许会再婚，但是性别偏见。结合选项A。warm（up）加热B.clear（up）变晴C.show（up）显现D.break（up）分裂，分开；，显然C是正确选项。20.标准答案 Awhile选项分析 上下语义考点分析 很明显的两类的对较关系。只能选择while。真题翻译在柬埔寨，伴侣的选择对于年轻男性来说是个复杂的问题。这不仅与他本以及未来伴侣的母朋友相关，且与媒婆也有着千丝万缕的关系。他可以选择中意的伴侣并让母安排相关事务，或者乎不参与，完全让母选择的对象。理论上来说，可以拒绝她母所选择的对象。在选好的对象后，每个家庭都能会去调查对家庭来确保他们的孩嫁到好家。传统的婚礼是段漫长，多姿多彩的过程。从前会持续三天，但是到了 20世纪80年代，般会持续天半。佛教徒通常会做简短诵经，并为新祈福。仪式通常包括剪发，在新郎新娘的胳膊上系上浸满圣的棉绳，在幸福的、受尊敬的夫妇中传递蜡烛来祈祷新的结合。通常情况下，新婚夫妇会到妻母家住年，直到他们在附近建栋新房为。离婚是合法的，且很容易获得批准，但是在实际中这种情况并不常见。离过婚的男会受到些的诟病。夫妇双在离婚后可保有他或她婚前带来的财产，且可平分婚后共同取得的财产。离过婚的或许会再婚，但是性别偏见还是很明显。如，离过婚的男性再婚前不需要段等待期性则需要等待个。Section Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts。Answer the questions after each text by choosing A，B，C or D。Mark youranswers on ANSWER SHEET 1。（40 points）Text1France，which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion，has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right todefine physical beauty for women。Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime toemploy ultra-thin models on runways。The parliament also agreed to ban websites that“incite excessive thinness”bypromoting extreme dieting。Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives。They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end upimpinging on health。Thats a start。And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starvingthemselves to death as some have done。It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sendswomen，especially teenage girls，about the socialtape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth。The bans，if fully enforced，would suggest to women（and many men）that they should not let others be arbiters of theirbeauty。And perhaps faintly，they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather thandieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques。The French measures，however，rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-andbone-showing。Under the law，using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass couldresult in a$85，000 fine and six months in prison。The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types。In欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！Denmark，the United States，and a few other countries，it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashionimages that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement。In contrast to Frances actions，Denmarks fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding theage，health，and other characteristics of models。The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states：”Weare aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals，especially on young people”。The charters main tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen FashionWeek（CFW），which is run by the Danish Fashion Institute。But in general it relies on a name-and-shame method ofcompliance。Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step。Even better wouldbe to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry。21.According to the first paragraph，what would happen in France？APhysical beauty would be redefined。BNew runways would be constructed。CWebsites about dieting would thrive。DThe fashion industry would decline。22.The phrase“impinging on”（Line 2，Para.2）is closest in meaning toAheightening the value ofBindicating the state ofClosing faith inDdoing harm to23.Which of the following is true of the fashion industry？AThe French measures have already failed。BNew standards are being set in Denmark。CModels are no longer under peer pressure。DIts inherent problems are getting worse。24.A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW forApursuing perfect physical conditionsBcaring too much about models character。Cshowing little concern for health factorsDsetting a high age threshold for models。25.Which of the following may be the best title of the text？AA Challenge to the Fashion Industrys Body IdealsBA Dilemma for the Starving models in FranceCJust Another Round of Struggle for BeautyDThe Great Threats to the Fashion Industry21 答案A Physical beauty would be redefined解析：这是道细节题，根据France定位到第段第句，主成分为France has lost an absolute right to define physicalbeauty。此外第段第句They suggest beauty should not be define by looks故A physical beauty would be redefined为同义替换，即为正确答案。欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！22 答案D doing harm to解析：此题为词义题。定位到第段第句They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging onhealth。根据end up 可以看出beauty should not be defined by looks 和that end up impinging on health为顺承关系，所以“改变们对美不仅仅是外表的定义”可以结束对健康的危害。故可以推知doing harm to是正确答案。23 答案B New Standards are being set in Denmark解析：此题是正误判断题。根据第五段第句话In Denmark，it is trying to set voluntary standards for models andfashion可知B选项New standards are being set in Denmark是其同义替换。24 答案C showing little concern for health factors解析：细节题。个设计师很可能因为什么原因被CFW拒绝，根据关键词可回到中定位倒数第段，句说丹麦的时尚界就有关模特的年龄，健康及其他特性的内容达成致意见，切项新法案也明确规定，他们已经意识到时尚界对于们尤其是年轻的体健康所带来的影响，并且该对此负责，接着下句就说，这法规的执式就是拒绝些设计师，因为可以推断设计师很可能因为不考虑体健康因素被CFW拒绝。25 答案D A challenge to the Fashion Industrys Body Ideals解析：主旨题。本从段就开始阐述法国的观点，即时尚界已经失去了定义性体之美的权利，且议会也禁站通过宣传过度节来强调过度消瘦。段继续说明美丽不能只看外表更不能以牺牲健康为代价。三段说性不该让他来评判的美丽。以及后的段落中也直在不断说明点，即健康很重要，不能只看外表。所以章最佳标题应该是 D，对时尚界完美材的质疑。Text 2For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country。In Britain this has had a curious result。While pollsshow Britons rate”the countryside”alongside the royal family，Shakespeare and the National Health Serivce（NHS）aswhat makes them proudest of their country，this has limited political support。A century ago Octavia Hill Launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save“the beauty of natural placesfor everyone forever”。It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience“arefreshing air。”Hills pressure later led to creation of national parks and green belts。They dont make countryside anymore，and every year concrete consumes more of it。It needs constant guardianship。At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment。The conservativesplanning reformexplicitly gives rural development priority over conservation，even authorising“off-plan”building where local people mightobject。The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable。Labour likewise wants to discontinue localplanning where councils oppose development。The Liberal Democrats are silent。Only Ukip，sensing its chance，hassided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land。Its Campaign to Protect Rural Englandstruck terror into many local conservative parties。The sensible place to build new houses，factories and offices is where people are，in cities and towns where infrastructureis in place。The London agents Stirling Ackroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the London areaalone，with no intrusion on green belt。What is true of London is even truer of the provinces。The idea that”housing crisis”equals“concreted meadows”is pure lobby talk。The issue is not the need for more housesbut，as always，where to put them。Under lobby pressure，George Osborne favours rural new-build against urbanrenovation and renewal。He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets。This is not a free market but a biasedone。Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow。They do so best where building sticks to their edges andrespects their character。We do not ruin urban Development should be planned，not let rip。After the Netherlands，Britainis Europes most crowed country。Half a century of town and country planning has enabled it to retain an enviable ruralcoherence，while still permitting low-density urban living。There is no doubt of the alternative-the corrupted landscapesof southern Portugal，Spain or Ireland。Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the politicalspectrum。26.Britains public sentiment about the countrysideA has brought much benefit to the NHS。B didnt start till the Shakespearean age。C is fully backed by the royal family。欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！D is not well reflected in politics。27.According to Paragraph 2，the achievements of the National Trust are now beingA gradually destroyed。B effectively reinforced。C properly protected。D largely overshadowed。28.which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3？A Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation。B the Conservatives may abandon”off-plan“building。C the Liberal Democrats are losing political influence。D labour is under attack for opposing development。29.the author holds that George Osbornes preferenceA reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas。B shows his disregard for the character of rural areas。C stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis。D highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure。30.In the last paragraph，the author shows his appreciation ofA the size of population in Britain。B the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain。C the town-and-country planning in Britain。D the political life in today is Britain。26 答案D is not well reflected in politics解析：细节题。精读题，划出关键词。根据题回到原精确定位到段最后句，该句中的 polls民意调查对应题中的public sentiment，定位答案处