倒装句讲义-高三英语二轮复习.docx

1完全倒装当作状语的here, there, now, then, down, up, out, ,in, away off等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或表示地点的介词短语in the room, on the way等置于句首且主语为名词时，句子要完全倒装。但当主语是代词时，主谓不倒装。John opened the door. There stood a girl he had never seen before.South of the river lies a small factory.Then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了。1. Now comes your turn to make a short speech.2. On the top of the mountain sat a giant man.3.Here comes the bus.=The bus is coming.句子练习：1. 黑暗中传来一个他从来没有听过的声音。Out of the darkness came a voice he had never heard before.2. 他的脑中闪过一位英雄战士的形象。Through his mind flashed the image of a heroic fighter.3. 站在前门的是Jane的丈夫，他在找不到Jane的时候非常焦急。At the front door stood Janes husband who suffered great anxiety when she was nowhere to be found.4. 他僵硬的脸上有一种恐惧和仇恨的表情。On his rigid face there stood an expression of horror and hatred.5. 在她的前面是另一条长长的通道，她正好看到免子匆匆向远处跑去。In front of her was another long passage and she just managed to catch sight of the rabbit hurrying down it.当句子的主语为人称代词时，句子不倒装。Here it is. 给你。 =Here you are.Away they went. 他们走了。Such位于句前作表语功能：为了突出强调表语内容，可以使用such引导的全部倒装结构。例：1. Such is our home in the future.2. Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man and the 20th centurys greatest scientist.句子练习：1. 这就是“有志者事竞成”这个真理。Such is the truth that where there is a will, there is a way.2. 这就是成功的秘诀，多一点点努力，多一点点决心，你就能创造出多一点点的奇迹。Such is the key to successa little bit more efforts and a little bit more determination will create a little bit more miracle.(3) “There be”句型be动词可用stand, live, exist, lie, remain, seem, appear等来代替，其形式为“There谓语主语”。There stands a tower on the top of the mountain.there was /lived a king in the forestThere is/lies a river in front of the house.(4) 表语置于句首时为了保持句子平衡或强调表语部分，可将作表语的形容词、分词、介词短语等置于句首，构成完全倒装形式，即“形容词/现在分词/过去分词/介词短语be主语”。Present at the meeting were experts from Europe.出席会议的是来自欧洲的专家。(形容词短语)Seated on the ground are a group of young people.席地而坐的是一群年轻人。(过去分词短语)Lying on the floor was a boy aged about ten.躺在地上的是一个大约十岁的男孩。(现在分词短语)山顶有座塔。2部分倒装(1)only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。Only in this way can we learn English well.Only you ,yourself,can help in English learning.(2)否定副词never, nor, neither not, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely, rarely等及表否定意义的介词短语at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on no condition，in no way 等置于句首时要部分倒装。Never before have I seen such a moving film.We laugh at jokes, but seldom do we think about how they work. 我们对笑话感到好笑，但很少思考它们是如何好笑的。hardly/scarcely/rarely.when., no sooner.than.,No sooner had the game started than it began to rain heavily. 比赛刚一开始，天就下起了大雨。(3)表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者时，用部分倒装结构so/neither/nor助动词/系动词/情态动词主语。They love having lots of friends; so do those with disabilities.You like music, and I like music, too.You like music, so do I.You can swim,so can I.You dont like music, Neither /nor do I.(4)为了强调某种情绪，可以使用so/such.that.倒装结构。例：1. During the exam, so nervous was I that my mind went blank.During the exam, I was so nervous that my mind went blank.Such a fine day is it that we'd like to play outside.= So fine a day that It is Such a fine day that we'd like to play outside.天气如此好以至于我们想去外面玩。天气如此好以至于我们想去外面玩。2. So excited was he that he couldnt go to sleep.Soadj./adv. . that ./Such(a/an)adj.n. .that . “如此以至于”。So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home.句子练习：1. 我震惊得睁大眼睛，目瞪口呆。So shocked was I that I was dumbfounded with my eyes wide open.2. 他非常绝望，借酒消愁。So desperate was he that he drowned his sadness.3. 她心事太重，因此没听到妈妈的问题。So busily engaged was her mind that she failed to hear her mothers question.4. 他的吼叫声实在太猛烈、太可怕，吓得小猫从他身旁跳开了。So fierce and dreadful was his roar that the cat jumped away from him in alarm.(5)Not only . but also . “不仅而且”，Not only后是主谓倒装，but also后是正常语序。Not only will help be given to people to find jobs, but medical treatment will be provided for people who need it.Not only is he a teacher, but he is also a poet.他不仅是一位教师，而且是一位诗人。(6)在as/though引导的让步状语从句中，从句的表语/状语/动词位于句首，构成部分倒装结构。如果位于句首的是单数可数名词，其前不加冠词。Child as he is, he knows a lot aboutthe history of China.He is a child but he knows a lot.Although/though he is , he knows a lot. 在as/though引导的让步状语从句中，通常使用倒装语序(表语/状语/动词原形as主语)。Although he is a child,he knows a lot.Tired as he was, he still went on with his work. 尽管很累，他还是继续工作。Much as he likes the bike, he doesn't want to buy it.他虽然很喜欢那辆自行车，但不想买它。Try as he might, he didn't pass the exam.尽管尽力了，但他考试还是不及格。(7)在非真实条件句中，条件句中的if省略时，助动词had, were, should常提到主语前面，构成部分倒装。Were I a teacher, I would be strict with my students.If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students.在含有were, had, should的if虚拟条件从句中，可省去if把were, had, should移至主语前面。Had you come earlier, you would have met him.=if you had come here earlier,you would 要是你早来一些，你就会遇到他了。注意：在if条件句中，如果有not，则not不能提前。Had it not been for your timely help, I couldn't have done it.=If it had not been for .如果没有你的及时帮助，我无法完成这个事情。二、部分倒装强调动作发生的时间功能：为了强调动作发生的时间，可以使用not.until.倒装结构。例： 当“not until.”置于句首时，until从句的主谓不可倒装，而只是主句需要倒装。Not until he returned did we have supper. We did not have supper until he returned.直到他回来，我们才吃晚饭。 Not until he returned did we have supper.It is /was not until he returned that we had supper.1. Not until the fire die out did he wake up.2. Not until he climbed into bed was he free to think about it.句子练习：1. 直到那只免子完全消失在我们的视线中，我们才不追了。Not until the rabbit got completely out of sight did we stop chasing after it.2. 直到那时Megan才说出了困扰她一整天的事。Not until then did Megan poured out what had been disturbing her the whole day.The little boy didnt go home until he finished his work.学科网（北京）股份有限公司