写作技巧教案.pdf

写作技巧教案写作技巧教案初中英语写作技巧指导（一）初中英语写作技巧指导（一）方法一方法一:善用高级词汇善用高级词汇Which is better?Which is better?1 1 我喜欢轻音乐，它可以使我放松。我喜欢轻音乐，它可以使我放松。A AI like quiet music.It can make me relaxed.I like quiet music.It can make me relaxed.B BI prefer gentle music that can make me relaxed.I prefer gentle music that can make me relaxed.2 2雨下得很大，所以他没赶上校车。雨下得很大，所以他没赶上校车。A AIt rained heavily.So he didnIt rained heavily.So he didnt catch the school bus.t catch the school bus.B BHe missed the school bus because of the heavy rain.He missed the school bus because of the heavy rain.3 3她还小，搬不动这么重的箱子。她还小，搬不动这么重的箱子。A AShe is very young.She canShe is very young.She cant carry the heavy box.t carry the heavy box.B BShe is too young to carry the heavy box.She is too young to carry the heavy box.4 4我们必须采取措施来拯救地球，这样才能过上更好的生活。我们必须采取措施来拯救地球，这样才能过上更好的生活。A AWe must do something to help save the earth.Then we will have a betterWe must do something to help save the earth.Then we will have a betterlife.life.B BThe more we do to help save our planet,the better life we will have.The more we do to help save our planet,the better life we will have.1.1.The weather was good,and ourThe weather was good,and ourjourney was comfortable.journey was comfortable.Thanks to the good weather,our journey was comfortable.Thanks to the good weather,our journey was comfortable.2.We all think he is a great man.2.We all think he is a great man.We allWe allthinkthinkhe is such a great man thathe is such a great man that3.3.The students there neednt pay for their booksThe students there neednt pay for their books.Books are free for the students there.Books are free for the students there.方法二方法二:活用多种句型活用多种句型审审(search)(search)牛刀小试牛刀小试健康很重要。在学习和健康很重要。在学习和工作的压力日趋增大的工作的压力日趋增大的今天，会休息的人才会今天，会休息的人才会有健康的身体。人们是有健康的身体。人们是如何度过假期的呢？国如何度过假期的呢？国际健康组织对此作了一际健康组织对此作了一次调查，右图是他们此次调查，右图是他们此次的调查结果。根据你次的调查结果。根据你所得的信息，请为国际所得的信息，请为国际健康组织写一篇完整的健康组织写一篇完整的调查报告调查报告,并提倡大家并提倡大家进行假日休闲。进行假日休闲。（一）审（一）审（二）列（二）列（ListList）2 2traveltravelstay at homestay at homevisit friendsvisit friendsor parentsor parentsworkwork根据以下关键词及图表用简单的句子列出文章的要点。根据以下关键词及图表用简单的句子列出文章的要点。如何度假如何度假调查报告调查报告倡议假日休闲倡议假日休闲A lot ofA lot ofpeople travel.people travel.Some people stay at home.Some people stay at home.Some other people visit friends or parents.Some other people visit friends or parents.A few people work.A few people work.Enjoy your vacation.Enjoy your vacation.（三）加（三）加(add)(add)加首尾，使结构完整。加首尾，使结构完整。可以采取总分总结构，开头或结尾的句子应注意简洁、漂亮可以采取总分总结构，开头或结尾的句子应注意简洁、漂亮How do people spend their vacation?We made a survey and here is ourHow do people spend their vacation?We made a survey and here is ourreport.report.（the beginningthe beginning）A lot of people travel.Some people stay at home.They watch TV or surfA lot of people travel.Some people stay at home.They watch TV or surfthethe internet.internet.SomeSome otherother peoplepeople visitvisit friendsfriends oror parents.parents.A A fewfew peoplepeoplework.work.ComeCome andand enjoyenjoy youryour vacation.vacation.PeoplePeople whowho relaxrelax wellwell workwork well.well.（the endingthe ending）（四）连（四）连(connect)(connect)How do people spend their vacation?We made a survey and here is ourHow do people spend their vacation?We made a survey and here is ourreport.report.AccordingAccording toto it,it,a a lotlot ofof peoplepeople travel.travel.AndAnd somesome peoplepeople staystay atat home.home.They watch TV or surf the Internet.Also some other people visit friendsThey watch TV or surf the Internet.Also some other people visit friendsor parents.However,a few people work.or parents.However,a few people work.Come and enjoy your vacation.People who relax well work well.Come and enjoy your vacation.People who relax well work well.（五）美（五）美(beautify)(beautify)WeWe interviewedinterviewed peoplepeople aboutabout thethe waysways toto spendspend thethe vacationvacation andand herehere is isour report.our report.AccordingAccording toto it,it,mostmost peoplepeople choosechoose toto traveltravel toto getget awayaway fromfrom thethe busybusyworld during the holidays.Then some people like to stay at home,watching TVworld during the holidays.Then some people like to stay at home,watching TVor surfing the Internet to have a good rest.And to visit friends or parents alsoor surfing the Internet to have a good rest.And to visit friends or parents alsomakes them relaxed.However,a few people have to work.makes them relaxed.However,a few people have to work.Come and enjoy your vacation.People who relax well work well.Come and enjoy your vacation.People who relax well work well.AccordingAccording toto it,it,mostmost peoplepeople choosechoose toto traveltravel toto getget awayaway fromfrom thethe busybusyworld during the holidays.Then some people like to stay at home,watching TVworld during the holidays.Then some people like to stay at home,watching TVor surfing the Internet to have a good rest.However,a few people have to work.or surfing the Internet to have a good rest.However,a few people have to work.As the saying goes,“All work and no playAs the saying goes,“All work and no playmakesmakes Jack a dull boy.”ComeJack a dull boy.”Comeand enjoy your vacation.People who relax well work well.and enjoy your vacation.People who relax well work well.图表类作文常用语：图表类作文常用语：1.1.如图所示或从图表中我们可以清楚的看到如图所示或从图表中我们可以清楚的看到It can be seen from the table/chart/diagramIt can be seen from the table/chart/diagramthatthatAs is shown in the chart/table/diagramAs is shown in the chart/table/diagramIt It s clear from the table/chart/diagram thats clear from the table/chart/diagram thatFrom the above tableFrom the above table,we can see clearly,we can see clearly2.2.Many students,about 42%,like to study English in Australia.Many students,about 42%,like to study English in Australia.3 33.3.40%of the students like/have interest in/are fond of40%of the students like/have interest in/are fond of.4.4.a small number of studentsa small number of students./a small percentage of students./a small percentage of students5.5.As the saying goes,As the saying goes,“.”方法三方法三:妙用关联词妙用关联词书面表达的衔接与连贯合理使用表示各种逻辑关系的过渡语书面表达的衔接与连贯合理使用表示各种逻辑关系的过渡语使用过渡语是实现书面表达语言连贯性最常用的方法之一。使用过渡语是实现书面表达语言连贯性最常用的方法之一。过渡语过渡语(也称衔接语也称衔接语)是连接句子或段落的媒介。是连接句子或段落的媒介。合理地使用过渡语合理地使用过渡语,可以使整篇文章结构紧凑可以使整篇文章结构紧凑，行文行文流畅，从而增强表达效果。现将中学阶段常用的过渡语总结如下流畅，从而增强表达效果。现将中学阶段常用的过渡语总结如下:I I 表示起始的过渡语表示起始的过渡语:At first,first of all,to begin with,At first,first of all,to begin with,according to,as foraccording to,as for 等等.如如:ToTo beginbegin withwith，wewe shouldshould remember,remember,I I thinkthink，thatthat mostmost peoplepeople cannotcannotchoose their careers.choose their careers.II II 表示时间关系的过渡语表示时间关系的过渡语:At first,then,later,finally,since then,At first,then,later,finally,since then,as soon as,meanwhile,as soon as,meanwhile,the nextthe nextmoment,now,before,after,soon,first,next,one daymoment,now,before,after,soon,first,next,one day等等。如如:1)After a short rest,we had great fun singing and dancing.1)After a short rest,we had great fun singing and dancing.2)As for myself,I will study hard to improve myself and serve the society.2)As for myself,I will study hard to improve myself and serve the society.Meanwhile,I shall learn from others and give a hand once there is a needMeanwhile,I shall learn from others and give a hand once there is a needfor help.for help.IIIIII 表示空间关系的过渡语表示空间关系的过渡语on the right/left,on the right/left,to the right/left of,to the right/left of,on one side of.on one side of.on the other side of.,on the other side of.,at the foot/top/end of,at the foot/top/end of,in the middle/center of,in the middle/center of,atat thethe backback of,of,closeclose to,to,nearnear by,by,nextnext to,to,oppositeopposite toto等等。如如:On one side of the road there is a new classroom building.On the otherOn one side of the road there is a new classroom building.On the otherside,side,wherewhere thethe playgroundplayground usedused toto bebe nownow standsstands a a newnew buildingbuilding-our-ourlibrary.library.IVIV 表表 示示 因因 果果 的的 过渡语过渡语forfor，becausebecause of,of,thanksthanks to,to,forfor oneone reason;reason;forfor anotheranother reason,reason,One reason is thatOne reason is that another reason is thatanother reason is thatso,so,therefore,as atherefore,as aresult(of.)result(of.)等等。如如:1)One(suggestion)is1)One(suggestion)is totogivegive ourour deardear teacherteacher anan album,album,forfor everyeverystudentsstudentspicture is contained in it.picture is contained in it.V V 表示对照的过渡语表示对照的过渡语but,but,still,still,however,however,otherwise,while,after allotherwise,while,after all 等。如：等。如：However,bad eating habits are still very common among us students.However,bad eating habits are still very common among us students.VIVI 表示解释列举的过渡语表示解释列举的过渡语AccordingAccording to,to,forfor example/instance.example/instance.TakeTake asas anan example,example,suchsuchas,as,like,and so on,like,and so on,that is(to say),that is(to say),in other wordsin other words 等等。如如:1)However,there are still some problems,such as water and air pollution1)However,there are still some problems,such as water and air pollutionand heavy traffic in rush hours.and heavy traffic in rush hours.2)For example,we can buy some flowers or cook a delicious meal for our2)For example,we can buy some flowers or cook a delicious meal for ourmothers on that day.mothers on that day.4 4VIIVII 表示递进的过渡语表示递进的过渡语WhatWhat s more,whats better,whats worse/worse besides,as well,still,also,s more,whats better,whats worse/worse besides,as well,still,also,not onlynot onlybut alsobut also,and then,and then,等等。如如:1)They think its both convenient and comfortable.Whats more,they can1)They think its both convenient and comfortable.Whats more,they cansave money for other purposes.save money for other purposes.2)Besides,the film is usually more interesting,and it is easier to follow.2)Besides,the film is usually more interesting,and it is easier to follow.VIIIVIII 表示总结的过渡语表示总结的过渡语in short,in general,in short,in general,in a word,as youin a word,as youknow,generally speakingknow,generally speaking 等。等。如如:1)In a word,to read the original work is better than to see the film based1)In a word,to read the original work is better than to see the film basedon it.on it.2)In short,things began to improve since schools are called on to reduce2)In short,things began to improve since schools are called on to reducethe learning load.the learning load.IXIX 表示顺序关系的过渡语表示顺序关系的过渡语First(firstly),second(secondly,next,lastly,oneFirst(firstly),second(secondly,next,lastly,oneanother,in the end,another,in the end,等。等。如：如：AsAs highhigh schoolschool students,students,firstly,firstly,wewe areare expectedexpected toto bebe neatlyneatly dresseddressed atatschool.Secondly,it must be made clear that we should never be late for class orschool.Secondly,it must be made clear that we should never be late for class orleave school before it is over.Lastly,when you are walking on the road,pleaseleave school before it is over.Lastly,when you are walking on the road,pleaseremember to keep to the right.remember to keep to the right.方法四方法四:妙用引文和例子妙用引文和例子加谚语加谚语(Proverb)(Proverb)锻炼对学生有好处锻炼对学生有好处It is good for us students to take exerciseIt is good for us students to take exerciseAs the saying goes,“All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.”It is good forAs the saying goes,“All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.”It is good forus students to take exercise.us students to take exercise.集中注意力于学习集中注意力于学习We should concentrate on our studies.We should concentrate on our studies.As the saying goes,“No pains,no gains.”We should concentrate on our studies.As the saying goes,“No pains,no gains.”We should concentrate on our studies.加例子加例子青少年应尽我们所能保护环境拯救地球。青少年应尽我们所能保护环境拯救地球。WeWe teenagersteenagers shouldshould dodo whatwhat wewe cancan toto protectprotect thethe environmentenvironment andand savesave thetheearth.earth.ForFor example,example,wewe cancan useuse recyclablerecyclable bagsbags insteadinstead ofof plasticplastic bags,bags,stopstop usingusingnapkins,plant more trees and save water and energy.napkins,plant more trees and save water and energy.在家里，我经常帮助父母亲干家务活。在家里，我经常帮助父母亲干家务活。I often help my parents do housework,I often help my parents do housework,such as washing dishes,folding the clothes,taking out the trash and so on.such as washing dishes,folding the clothes,taking out the trash and so on.Dear Mr KnowDear Mr Know，I m pleased toI m pleased to write to ask for some help.I want to tell you some problemswrite to ask for some help.I want to tell you some problemswe meet in English study.we meet in English study.FirstFirst，some of us arent interested in English.some of us arent interested in English.We think studying English is We think studying English issuch a boring thing.such a boring thing.And then its so difficult for us to remember all the words inAnd then its so difficult for us to remember all the words in5 5the tethe texts.So lots of us dont have enough confidence to keep up English study.xts.So lots of us dont have enough confidence to keep up English study.And we are always afraid to join the group discussion.And we are always afraid to join the group discussion.WhatsWhats more,more,therethere areare soso manymany newnew wordswords wewe haventhavent metmet beforebefore inin thethepassage.I dont know what to do.Sometimes we cant undpassage.I dont know what to do.Sometimes we cant understand the main idea,erstand the main idea,let alone(let alone(更不用说更不用说)answer the questions about them.But the most difficult thing)answer the questions about them.But the most difficult thingis to write.We often use wrong words and sentences.is to write.We often use wrong words and sentences.Can you help us?How can we improve our English?Please give us some usefulCan you help us?How can we improve our English?Please give us some usefuladvice.Thank you very much.Iadvice.Thank you very much.I m looking forward to hearing from you.m looking forward to hearing from you.Yours,Yours,MaryMaryDear Mary,Dear Mary,I heard you didnt do well in English.Here is some advice for you.I heard you didnt do well in English.Here is some advice for you._,I think reading English every day and listening to the_,I think reading English every day and listening to theteacherteacher carefullycarefully inin classclass areare thethe mostmost important._,important._,youyou cancan joinjoin thetheEnglishEnglish clubclub toto practicepractice English.English.YouYou know,know,“Practice“Practice makesmakes perfect.”perfect.”_,_,it it is is necessarynecessary forfor youyou toto listenlisten toto thethe EnglishEnglish radioradio everyeverymorning.It can improve your listening skill._,English is not difficult tomorning.It can improve your listening skill._,English is not difficult tolearn and I hope what I have said is helpful for you.learn and I hope what I have said is helpful for you.常用于开头的句子：常用于开头的句子：I hope you are very wellI hope you are very well我希望你身体健康。我希望你身体健康。How are you getting onHow are you getting onalong with your new jobalong with your new joblessons?lessons?你的新工作你的新工作/学习进展如何？学习进展如何？I was very gladI was very gladpleased