2022-2023学年江西省南昌市第二中学高二上学期开学诊断性考试英语试卷（解析版）.docx

南昌二中2022-2023学年度上学期高二诊断性考试英语试卷第一局部听力（共两节，总分值30分）第一节（共5小题;每题1.5分，总分值7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What does the man offer to do?A Pay for the bill.B. Do the cooking. C. Get something to eat.2. What does the woman mean?A. She doesn't have a bike. B. Her mother made up the story. C. She didn9t tell the man the truth.3. What does the woman mean?A. The man is annoying. B. Her homework is too hard. C. The man is absent-minded.4. How did the woman know the place?A. On the Internet. B, On her way to work. C. From her colleague.5. . Who might have made the reservation?A. David. B. Mary. C. Burton.第二节（共15小题;每题1.5分;总分值22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟;听完后，各 小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，答复第6、7题。6. What does the man like about his hometown?A. It's really very big. B. It has colorful nightlife. C. It's not expensive to live there.7. What is the weather like in the fall in the man's hometown?A. Cold. B. Sunny. C. Wet.听第7段材料，答复第8、9题。8. When will the plane take off?A. At 4:50. B. At 6:30. C. At 7:30.9. How will the speakers go to the airport?A. By taxi. B. By underground. C. By bus.听第8段材料，答复第10至12题。10. Where is the man?A. At a theater. B. At a hoteLC. At a snack bar.11. What will the man probably do at 6:00 p.m. tomorrow?B. Facebook may not abuse information.C. Facebook may not play a good leading role.D. Facebook will make the Internet a better world.【答案】12.C13. B 14. A 15. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要阐述了什么是元宇宙以及元宇宙存在的个人数据平安隐患。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二自然段“ Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg's announcement that he's changing his company's name to Meta Platforms Inc. But Zuckerberg and his team are hardly the only tech visionaries with ideas on how the metaverse,（Facebook首席执行官马克扎克伯格宣布将公司名称改为元平台公司但是扎克伯格和他的团队并不是唯一一个对元宇宙有想法的技术梦想家）可知，扎克伯格和他的团队将从事元宇宙技 术方面的研究，转型元宇宙领域。因此将公司改名为元平台公司。因此，扎克伯格要更改公司名称的原因 是他将从事元宇宙研究。应选C项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三自然段“ What is the metaverse? Zuckerberg has described it as a "virtual environmentv you can go inside of - instead of just looking at on a screen. Essentially, it's a world of endless, interconnected virtual communities where people can meet, work and play, using virtual reality headsets and glasses, smartphone or other devices.（什么是元宇宙？扎克伯格称之为“虚拟环境你可以进入而不仅仅是在屏幕上看。本质上，这 是一个由无数相互关联的虚拟社区组成的世界，人们可以使用虚拟现实耳机和眼镜、智能或其他设备在这里见面、工作和玩耍）可知，进入元宇宙，人们可以使用虚拟现实耳机和眼镜、智能或其他设备在这里见面、工作和玩耍，由此推知，B项“Have meetings in the virtual office.（在虚拟办公室开会）也是可 以在元宇宙中做的事情，应选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题 o 根据第四自然段 u They consider the metaverse as online culture's liberation from tech platforms like Facebook that assumed ownership of people's accounts, photos, posts and traded off what they collected from that data.（他们认为，元宇宙是网络文化从Facebook等技术平台上解放出来的产物，这些技术平台拥有人们的账 户、照片、帖子，并对他们从这些数据中收集到的信息进行交易）可知，Facebook等技术平台拥有人们的 账户、照片、帖子等信息，而元宇宙就是要让网络用户从这些平台中解放出来，用户对个人数据负责，由 此推知，A项“Users should be responsible for their personal data.（用户应对其个人数据负责）是元宇宙粉丝 的核心信念，应选A项。推理判断题。根据最后一段 “There is a growing concern about Facebook trying to lead the way into a virtual world that could require even more personal data and offer greater potential fbr abuse and misinformation when it hasn't fixed those problems in its current platforms.（人们越来越担忧，Facebook试图引领人们进入一个可能需要更多 个人数据的虚拟世界，并在其当前平台尚未解决这些问题的情况下，带来更大的滥用和错误信息的可能 性）可知，Facebook现有平台尚未解决个人数据平安方面的问题，扎克伯格进军元宇宙的决定可能会带来 更大的问题，由此推知，C项“Facebook may not play a good leading role. （Facebook可能不会起到很好的领 导作用）是人们的态度，应选C项。第二节（共5小题;每题2.5分，总分值12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。Collecting rainwater is important. It can help you save both money and the environment while preventing possible damage. 16 And lots of people have taken action to do it.17 Many people pay monthly for the water from the city water supply. Collecting rainwater can help you save part of that money. Why? You can use the rainwater to water your garden and wash your pets, houses, and cars without ever opening the city water supply.Plants can grow better. It's a known fact that plants are not huge fans of tap water. Tap water is treated with numerous chemicals unfriendly to plants. But with rainwater, you'll never have to worry about these chemicals. After all, rainwater is a natural source of water. It generally won't harm plants. 18It can protect your property （房产）from rain damage. Too much rain may damage your home. 19 This is especially true if your house doesn't have a water collecting system.The system can help direct rainwater away from your home to where you want to collect it, which also prevents water from flooding in your neighborhood.You'll help clean natural waterways. Rainwater helps the ground stay clean. But when it runs along rooftops, streets, etc., it collects many pollutants. 20 However, by collecting the water, you can prevent a considerable percentage of the pollutants from reaching the natural waterways in your hometown.A It's helpful in reducing your water bills.B Your city offers cheaper drinking water.C. Instead, it can promote certain plants' growth.D. It's hard to collect enough water during dry seasons.E. The resulting dirty water flows into the natural waterways.F. Nowadays, many towns encourage people to collect rainwater.G. For example, in rainy seasons, rainstorms may destroy your yard.【答案】16.F17. A 18.C19. G 20. E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。收集雨水很重要。它可以帮助你节省金钱和保护环境，同时防止可能的破坏。 文章主要说明了一些收集雨水的好处。【16题详解】才艮据上文 u Collecting rainwater is important. It can help you save both money and the environment while preventing possible damage.（收集雨水很重要。它可以帮助你节省金钱和保护环境，同时防止可能的破坏）以及后文“And lots of people have taken action to doit.（很多人已经采取了行动）可知，此处应该是说人们积极参与收 集雨水的具体活动，F选项中collect rainwater对应上文中Collecting rainwater。故F选项“现在，许多城镇 鼓励人们收集雨水符合语境，应选F。【17题详解】根据后文“ Many people pay monthly for the water from the city water supply. Collecting rainwater can help you save part of that money. Why? You can use the rainwater to water your garden and wash your pets, houses, and cars without ever opening the city water supply.（许多人每月支付城市供水系统的水费。收集雨水可以帮你省下一局 部钱。为什么？你可以用雨水浇灌你的花园，给你的宠物洗澡、清洗房子和汽车，而不用翻开城市供水系 统）可知，本段提到收集雨水可以帮你省下一局部钱，即减少水费，故A选项“这有助于减少你的水费 符合语境，应选A。【18题详解】根据上文“ Plants can grow better. It's a known fact that plants are not huge fans of tap water. Tap water is treated with numerous chemicals unfriendly to plants. But with rainwater, you'll never have to worry about these chemicals. After all, rainwater is a natural source of water. It generally won't harm plants.（植物可以长得更好。众所周知，植物并 不怎么喜欢自来水。自来水用许多对植物不友好的化学物质处理过。但有了雨水，你就再也不用担忧这些 化学物质了。毕竟，雨水是一种天然的水源。它一般不会伤害植物）可知，本句为本段最后一句，上文提 到雨水不会伤害植物，可见对植物有好处，可以促进植物生长。故C选项“相反，它可以促进某些植物的 生长符合语境，应选C。【19题详解】根据上文“It can protect your property （房产）from rain damage. Too much rain may damage your home.（它可以 保护你的财产免受雨水的破坏。过多的雨水可能会破坏你的家）以及后文“This is especially true if your house doesn't have a water collecting system.（如果你的房子没有集水系统，尤其会这样）可知，本句承接上文就雨 水破坏房屋或庭院进行举例，故G选项“例如，在雨季，暴雨可能会摧毁你的院子符合语境，应选G。【20题详解】 根据上文 “You'll help clean natural waterways. Rainwater helps the ground stay clean. But when it runs along rooftops, streets, etc., it collects many pollutants.（你将帮助清洁天然水道。雨水有助于地面保持清洁。但当它 沿着屋顶、街道等运行时，它会收集许多污染物）以及后文“However, by collecting the water, you can prevent a considerable percentage of the pollutants from reaching the natural waterways in your hometown.（然而，通过收 集水，你可以阻止相当比例的污染物到达你家乡的天然水道）可知，本句承接上文说明结果，指出雨水会 收集许多污染物，导致污水流入自然水道，与后文构成转折，故E选项“由此产生的脏水流入自然水道 符合语境，应选E。第三局部语言知识运用（共两节，总分值30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题;每题1分，总分值15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment. Their savings had been21to pay lawyers5 fees. To make matters worse, Moth was diagnosed （诊断）with a serious disease. Therewas no22, only pain relief.Failing to find any other way out, they decided to make a 23 journey, as they caught sight of an old hikers' guide.This was a long journey of unaccustomed hardship and 24 recovery. When leaving home, Raynor and Moth had just £ 320 in the bank. They planned to keep the 25 low by living on boiled noodles, with the occasional hamburger shop treat.Wild camping is 26 in England. The Winns had to get their tent up late and packed it away early in the morning to avoid being caught. They soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot 27 than they remember it was in their 20s. Raynor felt itchy （痒）all over and 28 a bath. Moth, meanwhile, after an initial struggle, found his symptoms （病症）were strangely29 by their daily tiring journey.30, the couple found that their bodies turned for the better, with re-found strong muscles that they thought had 31 forever. “Our hair was fried and falling out, nails broken, clothes 32 to athread, but we were alive. During the journey, Raynor began a career as a nature writer. She writes, "33 had taken every materialthing from me and left me torn bare, an empty page at the end of a（n）34 written book. It had also givenme a choice, either to leave that page 35 or to keep writing the story with hope. I chose hope.”21. A. tom apartB. given awayC. used upD. set aside22. A. cureB. fortuneC. demandD. promise23. A. busB. trainC. walkingD. cycling24. A. predictedB. unexpectedC. frighteningD. upsetting25. A. scheduleB. budgetC. routineD. income26. A. illegalB. practicalC. attractiveD. unpopular27. A. funnierB. easierC. cheaperD. tougher28. A. arrangedB. forgotC. desiredD. rejected29. A. developedB. relievedC. confirmedD. recognized30. A. FinallyB. HopefullyC. CasuallyD. Generally31. A. gainedB. keptC. recoveredD. lost32. A. sewnB. washedC. ironedD. worn33. A. DoctorsB. WildernessC. HomelessnessD. Lawyers34. A. wellB. neatlyC. partlyD. initially35. A. lostB. blankC. fullD. available【答案】2LC 22. A23. C 24. B25. B 26. A 27. D28. C 29. B30. AD 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。雷诺温恩和她的丈夫莫丝因为错误的投资而无家可归，丈夫莫丝患了绝症， 夫妇俩决定去徒步旅行，却意外地获得了健康，雷诺也开始了自然作家的职业生涯。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们的积蓄已经用来支付律师费了。A. torn apart撕碎；B. given away赠送；C. used up 用光；D. set aside 留出。根据前文 uRaynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment.（雷诺温恩和她的丈夫莫丝因为错误的投资而无家可归。）可知，他们的积蓄都用光了。应选C。 【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：无法治愈，只能减轻疼痛。A. cure治愈，治疗；B. fortune运气；C demand要 求；D. promise承诺。根据“only pain relief"可知,此处是指没有治愈方法。应选A。23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于找不到其他出路，他们决定徒步旅行，因为他们看到了一位年老的徒步向 导。A. bus 公交车；B. train 火车；C. walking 步行；D. cycling 骑自行车。根据 "as they caught sight of an old hikers，guide”可知，此处是指他们决定徒步旅行。应选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一段漫长的旅程，经历了不习惯的艰苦和意外的恢复。A. predicted预计 的；B. unexpected 意外的;C. frightening 可怕的;D. upsetting 令人心烦意乱的。根据前文 “There was no cure, only pain relief/可知，此处是指意外的恢复。应选B。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了节省开支，他们打算只吃煮面条，偶尔去汉堡店吃一顿。A. schedule方案（表）,进度表；B. budget 预算;C.routine 常规，惯例;D. income 收入。根据"by living on boiled noodles, with the occasional hamburger shop treat可知，此处是指保持低的预算。应选B。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：野外露营在英国是违法的。A. illegal违法的；B. practical实际的；C. attractive 有吸引力的；D. unpopular 不流行的。根据后文 “The Winns had to get their tent up late and packed it away early in the morning to avoid being caught.（温恩夫妇不得不很晚才把帐篷搭好，一大早就把它收拾好，以免被逮 住。）可知，野外露营在英国是违法的。应选A。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们很快发现，50多岁的时候每天徒步旅行要比20多岁的时候艰难得多。A. funnier更有趣的；B. easier更容易的；C.cheaper更廉价的；D. tougher更艰难的。根据后文“by their daily tiringjourney（通过他们每天疲惫的旅程）可知，此处是指50多岁的时候每天徒步旅行要比20多岁的时候 艰难得多。应选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：雷诺浑身发痒，想洗个澡。A. arranged安排；B. forgot忘记；C.desired想要；D. rejected拒绝。根据"Raynor felt itchy （痒）all over”可知,此处是指想洗个澡。应选Co【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，莫丝在最初的挣扎之后，发现自己的病症在每天疲惫的旅途中奇怪 地减轻了。A. developed开展；B.relieved缓解,减轻；C.confirmed证实，证明；D.recognized认识,区分 出 o 根据前文 “This was a long journey of unaccustomed hardship and unexpected recovery.可知，此处是指病 症在每天疲惫的旅途中奇怪地减轻了。应选B。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，这对夫妇发现他们的身体开始好转，重新找回了他们认为永远失去的强 壮肌肉。A. Finally 最后；B. Hopefully 充满希望地；C. Casually 随意地；D. Generally 大致上。根据“the couple found that their bodies turned for the better, with re-found strong muscles”可知，此处是指最后这对夫妇发现他 们的身体开始好转。应选A。31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，这对夫妇发现他们的身体开始好转，重新找回了他们认为永远失去的强 壮肌肉。A. gained 获得；B. kept 保持；C. recovered 恢复；D. lost 失去。根据 “re-found strong muscles”可 知，此处是指原以为永远失去的强壮肌肉。应选D。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的头发烧焦脱落，指甲折断，衣服破得只剩一根线，但我们还活着。A. sewn 缝纫，缝上；B. washed清洗；C. ironed熨，烫；D. worn磨损。根据"to a thread”可知，此处是指衣服破 得只剩一根线。应选D。33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：无家可归夺走了我的一切物质上的东西，让我变得一无所有，就像一本半途而 废的书末尾的一页空白。A. Doctors医生；B. Wilderness未开发的地区，荒野；C.Homelessness无家可归； D. Lawyers 律师。根据后文 “had taken every material thing from me and left me torn bare"和"It had also given me a choice(这也给了我一个选择)可知，此处是指无家可归夺走了一切物质上的东西。应选C。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：无家可归夺走了我的一切物质上的东西，让我变得一无所有，就像一本半途而 废的书末尾的一页空白。A. well顺利地；B. neatly整齐地；C.partly局部地；D. initially开始，最初。根据“an empty page"可知,此处是指一本半途而废的书。应选C。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这也给了我一个选择，要么让那一页空白，要么带着希望继续写这个故事。A. lost 迷失的；B. blank 空白的;C.full 充满的;D. available 可获得的。根据 “or to keep writing the story with hope”可知，此处是指要么让那一页空白。应选B。第二节语法填空(共10小题;每题1.5分，总分值15分)语法填空With the recent relaxation in travel restrictions, I found myself 36 (visit) Innsbruck, the capital city of the state of Tyrol in Western Austria.The destination within snow-capped mountains is perfect for a short break. Even the approach 37 Innsbruck Airport by air is a breathtaking sight as the plane 38 (gentle) moves between the mountains on its journey to the runway.The city is like an artistic39(compose) of modern architecture and historic buildings serving both asa university town and a tourist center. Weaving my way through cobbled streets and well-designed buildings, I was impressed by this stunning city40was the Imperial capital 500 years ago, when the Holy Roman EmperorMaximilian I lived here, and it still lives up to 41 (it) royal connections today with the unique architecture.I wandered round this small city, 42 (amaze) at the dramatic backdrop of the Nordkette mountain which offers skiing and hiking near the downtown. The Goldenes Dachl, 43 significant landmark in Innsbruck with its 2,657 golden copper tiles(瓦片)that shine in the sunlight, took my breath away.Innsbruck 44 (steal) my heart with the stunning architecture, majestic mountains and friendly people on this tour. I couldn't wait to return 45(explore) more of this delightful European city.【答案】36. visiting37. to 38. gently39. compositionwhich#that40. its 42. amazed43. a 44. stole45 . to explore【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要表达了作者去Innsbruck旅行的所见所闻。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着最近旅行限制放松，我来到了奥地利西部蒂罗尔州首府因斯布鲁克。分析 句子可知，此处此题主要考查“find+宾语+宾语补足语结构。myself和visit是主动关系，应用现在分 词作宾补。故正确答案为visitingo37题详解】考查介词。句意：当飞机在通往跑道的旅途中缓慢地在山间移动时，即使是乘坐飞机前往因斯布鲁克机场 也是一道令人叹为观止的风景。the approach to意为"的途径。故正确答案为to。【38题详解】考查副词。句意：当飞机在通往跑道的旅途中缓慢地在山间移动时，即使是乘坐飞机前往因斯布鲁克机场 也是一道令人叹为观止的风景。空处修饰动词moves,需用副词形式。故正确答案为gentlyo【39题详解】考查名词。句意：这座城市是现代建筑和历史建筑的组成，既是大学城又是旅游中心。根据上文Thecityis a可知，此处应填单数名词作表语。故正确答案为compositiono【40题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在鹅卵石街道和精心设计的建筑中穿行，这座令人惊叹的城市给我留下了深刻的印 象，500年前，神圣罗马帝国皇帝Maximilian 一世住在这里时，这里曾是帝国的首都。时至今日，