2022-2023学年吉林省吉林市永吉四中高一（上）第一次月考英语试卷（附答案详解）.docx

2022.2023学年吉林省吉林市永吉四中高一（上）第一次月考英语试卷AAnimals are natural resources that people have wasted all through our history. Animals have been killed for their fur and feathers, for food, for sport and simply because they were in the way Thousands of kinds of animals have disappeared from the world forever. Hundreds more are on the danger list today. About 170 kinds in the United States alone are considered in danger.Why should people care? Because we need animals. And because once they are gone, there will never be any more.Animals are more than just beautiful and interesting. They are more than just a source of food. Every animal has its place in the balance of nature. Destroying one kind of animal can create many problems. For example, when farmers killed large numbers of hawks （老鹰）,the farmers stores of corn and grain were destroyed by rats and mice. Why? Because hawks eat rats and mice. With no hawks to keep down their numbers, the rats and mice quickly.Luckily, some people are working to help save the animals . Some groups raise money to let people know about the problem. And they try to get the governments to pass laws protecting animals in danger.Quite a few countries have passed laws. These laws forbid （禁止） the killing of any animals or plants on the danger list. Slowly, the number of some animals in danger is growing.1. What is the best title for the passage? A. Save the animals.B. Useful animals.C. Laws of Animals.D. Animals in danger.2. Animals are important to us mainly because.A. they give us a source of foodB. they are beautiful and lovelyC. they give us a lot of pleasureD. they keep the balance of nature3. What is the meaning of the underlined word “multiplied” in the passage? A. Became more B. Became less C. Turned black D. Ate food4. We can infer from the passage that.A. people have known the importance of animal protection a long time agoB. the number of hawks is on the decreaseC. animals play an important role in people's lifeD. many countries passed laws forbidding the killing of any animalB【解析】根据括号内词义，“志愿者”可译为volunteer,是可数名词，根据句中dont要用复数形式， 且句首字母大写。故填：Volunteers。志愿者不要求任何形式的报酬。考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出 单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。29 .【答案】graduation【解析】根据括号内词义，“毕业”可译为graduation,介词After后接名词作宾语，graduation是不 可数名词。故填：graduation o毕业后，我得到了一个教写作课程的工作。考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出 单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。30 .【答案】advances【解析】根据括号内词义，“进步”可译为advance,是可数名词，其前有数词three修饰时要用复 数形式。故填：advanceso说出当时科学技术的三项进步。考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出 单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。31 .【答案】suitable【解析】答案：suitable.形容词suitable作定语修饰名词dresses.故填：suitable.她穿这件衣服再合适不过了。考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出 单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。32 .【答案】responsible【解析】根据括号内词义，”负有责任的”可译为responsible, be responsible for”对负责；对有责任”，是固定搭配。故填：responsibleo人类活动并不是造成所有水资源短缺的原因。考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出 单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。33 .【答案】fluently【解析】由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词fluently修饰动词speak。故填：fluentlyo他认为这很难，希望说一口流利的中文。翻译填空要求考生不仅具备一定的词汇量、扎实的句型和语法知识，还要去学生有较好的阅读能 力，能灵活运用所学知识去分析语篇。简单地说，该题型的考查范围极广，不仅包括词汇和语法 的掌握，还考查学生的阅读分析能力、逻辑推理能力，以及情境语感。34【答案】小题1 have left【小题 2】communicating【小题3 and【小题4】difficulty【小题5】an【小题6】carefully【小题7】with【小题 8 friendly【小题9】which/that【小题 10 to worry【解析】(l)haveleft.考查动词的时态。句意：这对你来说可能很难，因为这是你第一次离开 父母。此处是"this is the first time+that 从句”句型，在这个句型中，that从句中应用现在完 成时，故填have left.(2)communicating.考查动名词。句意：你可能经常感到孤独和焦虑，难以与他人沟通。have trouble doing sth.n做某事有困难”，为固定用法，故填communicating.(3) and.考查连词。句意：那是因为你是新来的，人们不了解你。空处前后表示并列关系，应用 连词and连接，故填and.(4) difficulty.考查名词。句意：但是我认为如果你遵循下面的建议，你可以克服困难。空处作 宾语，前面又有定冠词the修饰，应用所给词的名词形式difficulty,故填difficulty.(5) an.考查冠词。句意：首先，你应该积极参加讨论，发表自己的意见，同时要学会认真听取 别人的意见。take an active part in.n积极参与”，为固定用法，active是以元音音素开头的单词，故填an.(6) carefully.考查副词。句意：首先，你应该积极参加讨论，发表自己的意见，同时要学会认 真听取别人的意见。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语修饰动词短语listen to,应用副词，故填carefully.(7) with.考查介词。句意：其次，你耍了解同学们的喜好以便与他们和睦相处。get on with sb/f 与某人和睦相处”，为固定短语。故填with.(8) friendly.考查形容词。句意：只有这样你才能认识更多不同的人并让他们知道你也很友好。 分析句子结构可知，空处作表语，表示“友好的”，故填friendly.(9) which/that.考查定语从句。句意:最后但并非最不重要的是，参加更多的课外活动，这将有 助于你结交更多的朋友，丰富你的学校生活。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是 activities,且空处在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which/that引导，故填which/that.(10) to worry.考查不定式。句意：没有必要过分担心。There* no need ( for sb. ) to do sth.”(某人)不必做某事”，为固定句型，故填towory.本文是一篇应用文。作者针对如何处理好高中生活给出了几点建议。语法填空题是考查学生的语言运用能力。解题时，要在理解文章的基础上，灵活运用语法知识， 如词性、时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断空白处应填写的内容，答完后，还要通 读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境。35.【答案】Dear John,Glad to hear from you. I'd like to tell you something about a moral fable I recently read.The fable is titled "Waiting for gains without pains*'. One day, while ploughing in his field, a young farm saw a hare bump into a stump accidentally and died. He had the chance to eat delicious meat of the hare.From that day on, he put down his hoe, waiting by the stump for a second hare to tiwn up but in vain.The story satirizes those who just wait for luck, rather than making efforts to obtain what they need. I hope we shouldn't be that kind of people. It is working hard that is the most valuable. Do you think so? Looking forward to your reply.【解析】略【思路点拨】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外国朋友John写封信，分享中国古代寓言故事守株待兔。 写作步骤一般分为：审题，明确文体形式；构思，根据提示全面构思文章内容，根据内容构思词 语和句型结构；写作完稿，按照合理的顺序和语言要求，连句成文。注意句子间的正确联系，注 意词语的丰富和句型的多样。【亮点词汇】bump into撞上，偶然碰见turn up出现in vain徒劳地make efforts to do sth.努力做某事【高分句型】©From that day on, he put down his hoe, waiting by the stump for a second hare to turn up but in vain.（动 词的-ing形式作状语）The story satirizes those who just wait for luck, rather than making efforts to obtain what they need.（who引导定语从句）【结构布局】引言：对故事的简要介绍中心：从中悟出的人生哲理结尾：表达希望【拓展词汇】enrich one's knowledge丰富某人的知识be exposed to 接触【拓展句型】©Read some materials concerning about., which plays an extremely significant role in Chinese literature. 阅读有关的材料，在中国文学中起着极其重要的作用。©Considering the fact that I have a very limited knowledge of., your introduction will surely help me appreciate it better.鉴于我对了解有限，你的介绍一定能帮助我更好的欣赏它。Every day thousands of people travel across the world for different reasons.Whenever Fve checked in for a flight, Fve seen many travellers saying "I missed itn or nI forgot it”, etc.This happens because while packing our bags, we miss so many important things.The baggage packing isn't a big job but many people see it as a messy job.Fll advise you to always pack your bags according to your trip.The baggage should be different according to the duration （持续时间） of your trip.You shouldn't carry unnecessary things or more than what you need.If you're going on a business trip of not more than 2-3 days, then make sure you don't carry more than a single bag.Pack 2-3 business suits, a night suit and also some casual（非正式的）clothes.Youll need casual clothes because you might get a chance to explore the place.While on holidays of 5-6 days, you have to be very smart while packing your bag.First of all, check the climate of the place.If it's summer, then carry lightweight clothes and if it's winter, then you have to pack a sweater.For holidays, pack all the small things you*ll be requiring.But don't carry too many things.If you're going to a relative's place, then you can be a bit relaxed because if you miss something, you won't have to worry as your relative will be there to help you.But don*t forget to buy gifts for your relatives.If the gifts are ， then pack them in a hard box and always keep them in between clothes.No need to carry too many clothes as you can wash your clothes at their place.This will also help you to shop more and more.5. While packing for a trip, we needn't consider.A. how long we'll stay at the destinationB. possible activities at the destinationC. the climate of the destinationD. how long it takes us to go to the destination6. What does the underlined word “fragile” in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Hard to use.B. Difficult to carry.C. Easy to break.D. Important to prepare.7. If we go to travel in a relative's place, we.A. had better stay at the relative's homeB. can carry fewer clothes with usC. don't have to buy too many things thereD. should buy expensive gifts for the relative8. What does the text mainly talk about? A. What to take while travelling.B. How to pack baggage according to the duration.C. Why packing baggage is necessary while travelling.D. How to take care of the baggage while travelling.There was once a boy called Joseph Webb who always loved to show off how many friends he had at school.One day his £9) said to him, "Joseph, I bet you a big bag of popcorn that you don't have as many friends as you think.Fm sure many of them are nothing more than companions.0Joseph (10) the bet at once.However, he wasn't sure how to test whether his schoolmates were real friends or not, so he asked his grandfather.The old man answered, nWait a minute.n Then he left and (11) soon as if carrying something in his hands, but Joseph could see nothing there."Take it.It's a very (12) chair because it's invisible (看不见).It's rather (13) to sit on, but if you take it to school and (14) to sit on it, you'll activate (激*舌)its (15) and it'll be able to tell who your real friends are/'Joseph， brave and determined, set off for (16) with the strange and invisible chair.At break time he asked everyone to form a (17), and he put himself in the middle, with his chair.Having difficulty seeing it, Joseph tried to sit on it but he (18) the seat and fell straight onto his backside.Everyone around him had a pretty good laugh.nWait!Let me try again, nJoseph said.But again, he missed the seat, (19) more surprised looks and a few catcalls (尖叫, 喝彳到彩)Joseph didn't (20) and kept trying to sit on the magic chair.But he kept falling to the ground.until, suddenly he tried again but didn't (21),Looking around, Joseph saw three of his best friends holding him up.(22), many others he had thought of as friends had done nothing but make fun of him.And there, the show came to an end.Joseph understood that true friends were those who care for him, and not just the(23) that happened to be passing by.And someone who took joy in his misfortunes (不幸)was even less of a friend.9. A. grandfather10. A. concluded11. A. passed12. A. soft13. A. exciting14. A. intend15. A. promise16. A. home17. A. popcorn18. A. sat19. A. providing20. A. give up21. A. fall22. A. ThereforeB. companionB. noticedB. recoveredB. specialB. wonderfulB. manageB. magicB. hospitalB. chairB. heldB. causingB. watch overB. careB. MoreoverC. schoolmateC. acceptedC. returnedC. beautifulC. positiveC. hopeC. memoryC. partyC. circleC. missedC. movingC. turn downC. standC. BesidesD. strangerD. believedD. disappearedD. comfortableD. difficultD. decideD. knowledgeD. schoolD. bagD. escapedD. losingD. sort outD. sitD. HoweverA. relative B. neighborC. teammate D. companion23. She has such a kind, friendly (个性).24. Disagreements are natural and in fact, (辩论)and discussion should be encouraged.25. It's hard for the lawyer to guarantee their rights when there is no (正式的)contract.26. Professor Eric will give us a series of wonderful (讲座) this Friday.27. (志愿者)don*t expect any kind of pay.28. After (毕业),I was offered a position teaching a writing class.29. Name three (进步)in science and technology at this time.30. There would not be more (合适的) dresses for her like this one.31. Human activities aren't (负有责任的)for all water shortage.32. He thought it was very difficult and hoped to speak Chinese (流利).(根据汉语提 示单词拼写)How are you getting along in your senior high school? It may be hard foryou as this is the first time that you (leave) your parents. You may often feel lonely and anxious,having trouble (communicate) with others. Thafs because you are new here (3) people don't know about you. But I think you can overcome the (difficult) if you follow the advice below.First,you should take (5) active part in the discussions and show your own opinions, and at the same time,learn to listen to other people's views (6) (careful) . Second, you should learn about your classmates' likes and dislikes to get on (7) them.Only in this way can you get to know more different people and show them that you are just as (friend) . Last but not leastjoin in more after-class activities (9) will help you make more friends and enrich your school life.There's no need (10) (worry) too much. As long as you have confidence in yourself, you can adjust to the new life quickly.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)35.你最近又读了古代寓言故事守株待兔，从中学到了很多生活哲理，你打算把这则寓言 故事分享给你的外国朋友John,希望他们能对中国文化有更多的了解，同时能从中学到一些人生的道理。要点包括：对故事的简耍介绍；(2)你从中悟出的人生哲理；你的希望注意：词数80左右。开头已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：树桩stump；锄头hoe；讽刺satirizeDear John,Glad to hear from you. Td like to tell you something about a moral fable I recently read.Yours,Li Hua答案和解析14.【答案】A、D、A、C【解析】（1）A.标题归纳题.文章一二段讲述了动物面临的生存现状，三四五段讲述了保护动 物的必要性，六七段幸运的是一些国家已经采取了一些保护性措施，所以文章主题应是保护动 物.故选A.（2）D.细节理解题.根据第四段中的一二句"Animals are more than beautiful or interesting or a source of food. Every animal has its place in the balance of nature.动物不仅仅是美丽、有趣或食物的来源.每 种动物在自然界的平衡中都有自己的位置.”可知，每种动物的存在都是有道理的，都是为了维持 自然界的平衡.故选D.（3） A.考查词意猜测.根据句意"With no hawks to keep down their numbers,the rats and mice quickly.由于没有鹰来控制它们的数量，田鼠和老鼠迅速繁殖.”可知，鹰吃 老鼠，鹰大量死亡，导致老鼠数量大量增加，吃光了粮食.所以该词的意思是“增加”.A.Became more 变多；B. Became less 变少；C. Turned black 变黑；D. Ate food 吃食物.故选 A.（4） C.推理判断题.由第一段nAnimals are natural resources that people have wasted all through our history. Animals have been kille d for their fur and feathers, for food,for sport and simply because they were in the way Thousands of kinds of animals have disappeared from the world forever. Hundreds more are on the danger list today. About 170 kinds in the United States a lone are considered in danger.动物是人类历史上浪费掉的自然资源.动物被杀是因为它们的皮毛， 食物，运动，仅仅因为它们阻碍了成千上万种动物，从世界上永远消失.今天还有数百人在危险 名单上.仅在美国就有大约170种被认为处于危险之中.“可知，此前人们对动物的保护并没关注， 也并未意识到动物保护的重要性（可直接看出）；第四段"Animals are more than beautiful or interesting or a source of food. Every animal has its place in the balance of nature. Destroying one kind of animal can create many problems.动物不仅仅是美丽、有趣或食物来源，每种动物在自然平衡中都有自己的 位置.”暗示着动物在人们的生活在起着重要的作用.故选C.本文主要讲述了现在许多的动物面临着许多的危险，人们的杀戮以及其他的原因使得动物的生存 有威胁.幸运的是，国际已经采取措施来保护动物了.阅读理解考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题 干进行比较，再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根 据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.58.【答案】D、C、B、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段 The baggage should be different according to the duration （持 续时间）of your trip.（行李应该根据你待的时间不同而不同。）可知，旅行时耍考虑在目的地待 的时间。根据第三段 Pack 23 business suits, a night suit and also some casual （非正式的） clothes.You'll need casualclothes because you might get a chance to explore the place.（打包 2-3 天穿的 商业套装，一套晚上穿的衣服和一些便衣。你需要一些便衣是因为你可能有机会探索这个地方。） 可知，旅行时要考虑在目的地的活动而打包衣服。根据第四段First of all, check the climate of the place.（首先，查看下这个地方的天气。）可知，旅行时要查看目的地的天气。综上可知，ABC 选项都是要考虑的，只有D选项没有提及。故选D。（2）词句猜测题。根据最后一段 If the gifts are , then pack them in a