2022届吉林省长春市普通高等学校招生全国统一考试临考押题卷（A）英语试题（解析版）.docx

2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试临考押题卷（A）英语考前须知：1.本试题卷共15页，总分值150分，考试时间120分钟。2 .答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡的相应位置。3 .全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试题卷上无效。如需改mt o4 .答复选择题时，选出每题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂 动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。5 .考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。第一局部听力（共两节，总分值30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每题1.5分，总分值7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读 一遍。例:How much is the shirt?A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15.答案是C。1. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. At home.B. In Disneyland.C. In a meeting room.2. Why does the woman make the call?A To look for her purse.B. To take over Paulina's work.C. To reach the HR Department.3. What did the woman do just now?A. She studied at home.B. She called her friends.C. She went to the airport.4. What does the woman think of working with Bob?A. Just so-so.B. Quite impressive.C. A bit disappointing.5. Why is the man late?A. He is stuck in heavy traffic.B. He has to work extra time.C. He is poor in time management.第二节（共15小题;每题1.5分，总分值22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。丝体长得像小茸毛，可以和废料一起扭动，直到所有东西都“粘在一起。然后将混合物再次混合，放入 想要的模具中，继续生长和硬化。然后将得到的材料放入烤箱烘烤。除了使其像木材一样巩固外，高温还 会杀死菌丝，从而使这种可降解材料的保质期与木材相似）可知，第三段主要讲的是如何制作蘑菇家具材 料。应选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中"Customers can expect to pay anywhere from $249 USD for the Tafl to $699 USD for the King's table, both of which are only available in limited quantities.（顾客可以支付 249 美元的 Tafl 至 I699 美元的Kingtables,这两种都是限量供给的）可知，Tafl和King's tables供给有限。应选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中 “ Now, the company wants to bring their amazing material into homes and offices with a new line of compostable （可堆月巴的）furnishings that are grown using just three materials: mycelium （the vegetative part of mushrooms）, hemp （麻类植物）,and salt.（现在，该公司希望将他们的神奇材料带入家庭和办公室，他们 推出了一种新的可堆肥家具系列，这种家具只使用三种材料生长：菌丝（蘑菇的营养局部）、麻类植物和盐） 结合文章主要介绍了 Ecovative公司用蘑菇研发制造了一种未来新型环保家具。可知，D选项“未来的家具 可能是从蘑菇中生长出来的最符合文章标题。应选D。第二节（共5小题;每题2分，总分值10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。How to Ask for a RaisePicture this: Your heart is racing and you're starting to sweat a little as you walk into your boss's office to ask for a bigger paycheck. Don't worry. 16What does preparation look like?Taheripour, a professional negotiator, says good preparation begins with the story we tell ourselves. Write down all of your accomplishments at work. Consider whether you've taken on additional responsibilities or projects. 17 The answers to these questions become data to bring into the conversation.The other thing is building confidence. 18"If you are putting yourself down, then your goals are goingto be lower/' she says.Making the askTaheripour suggests a few conversation starters: "How's your day?" or "How's your family? Is your son still playing sports?"When you're ready to get down to business, Taheripour notes “You say to your boss JI want to talk about myrole, and I've had a really good year here.' " And you pick the two or three things that are your strongest arguments fur why they should pay you more. 19 That actually doesn't increase the amount of power that you have. Remember to keep it short and sweet."It's not in the budget"20 If so, Taheripour says, consider replying like this, "I know these are really tough times, but I just wanted to bring these things to your attention, because I have taken on so much responsibility. Ask your boss to acknowledge all of the hard work you're doing. If a salary increase isn't possible now, ask to have the conversation six months in the future.A. Then focus on the arguments.B. There is a cure for salary negotiations.C. A lot of people want to give 20 arguments.D. You should consider different possible answers.E. It's possible that your boss will give you this answer.F. It's risky to walk into negotiations with low self-worth.G. Think about whether the projects have added value to your company.【答案】16.B17. G 18.F19. C 20. E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章就如何向老板提出加薪要求提供了几点建议。【16题详解】由标题“How to Ask fora Raise （如何要求加薪），上文 u Picture this: Your heart is racing and youe starting to sweat a little as you walk into your boss's office to ask for a bigger paycheck. Don't wony （想象下： 当你走进 老板的办公室要求加薪时，你的心跳加速，开始有点出汗。别担忧。）和下文关于如何提加薪的方法可知, 该空应该是针对向老板提出加薪感到紧张一事，提出解决方法，引出下文如何提加薪的方法，B选项“有一 种解决薪资谈判的方法。切题。应选B项。【17题详解】由上文 u Write down all of your accomplishments at work. Consider whether you've taken on additional responsibilities or projects.（写下你在工作中取得的所有成就。考虑你是否承当了额外的责任或工程）可知， 提加薪时，要做准备工作，要先弄清楚你在工作中取得的所有成就，G选项“想想这些工程是否为您的公 司带来了附加值。承接上文具体讲你在工作中取得的成就，G项中的“whether”和"theprojects”与上文 中的“whether”和"projects”相照应。应选G项。【18题详解】由上文“The other thing is building confidence.（另一件事是建立信心）可知,提加薪时,要有自信,F选项 “带着低自我价值进行谈判是有风险的。引出“低自我价值的人去谈加薪的危害的话题，引出下文“'If you are putting yourself down, then your goals are going to be lower,' she says.（她说：“如果你在贬低自己，那么 你的薪资目标就会更低。）。应选F项。39题详解】由上文 “And you pick the two or three things that are your strongest arguments fur why they should pay you more. （然后你选择两到三个最有力的理由来解释他们为什么应该给你更多的报酬）可知，在提加薪时，作者建议 选择两到三个最有力的理由来向老板解释为什么你应该得到更多的报酬，C选项“很多人想给出20个理 由。说明与作者建议提加薪方法不同的、无用的做法，承接下文“That actually doesn't increase the amount ofpower that you have.（这实际上并不会增加你拥有的说服的力量）讲加薪理由多对于加薪无效。应选C项。【20题详解】由小标题not in the budget"（"加薪不在预算中）可知，对于你提出的加薪要求，老板可能会用 “加薪不在预算中来回绝你的要求，E选项“你的老板可能会给你这个答案。承接上文讲可能会出现老板拒绝提薪的这种情况，引出下文 “If so, Taheripour says, consider replying like this, “I know these are really tough times, but I just wanted to bring these things to your attention, because I have taken on so much responsibility（Taheripour说，如果是这样的话，可以考虑这样答复：“我知道现在真的很艰难，但我只是 想让你注意到这些事情，因为我承当了太多的责任。）中针对这种情况你应该如何做的方法。应选E项。 第三局部语言知识运用（共两节，总分值45分）第一节（共20小题;每题1.5分，总分值30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正 确选项。My brother had a chronic （慢'性的）disease. So recently he was 21 to the hospital again for routine checks and treatment. While he was there, I 22 with him in the daytime and my parents slept there in the night.Beside him 23 a little girl in a sea of sheets. She, too, was a 24 so being at the hospital was probably nothing new to her.When I saw her, she looked a bit25Her mom had stepped out somewhere andwe werein the26 of moving into the room.27I smiled and said "Hi out of pure social 28 At first,Ithink she was 29 but then she warmly smiled back. I could only think of the 30 she wouldn't getdue to whatever condition she had. Masses of people only talked to her out of pity or just 31 her.I went home that day and didn't 32 too much about it. To me she was just a person,and 33 a person like a simple "Hi probably didn't make a 34.But it turned out that I was 35. After T left, the little girl talked to my mom about how muchhappiness I had 36 to her. Tm no Mother Teresa obviously, but it's nice to know that instead of the usualfrowns （皱眉）she saw, I was a（n）37 for a rather toothy smile. I actually 38 her, for there wassense of uncommon courage in her.It was to be 39 that perhaps I could've done more. But I still felt good, like I just accidentally grabbed（抓住）a handful of stars while jumping carelessly around the yard without particular 40. 21. A. rushedB. rescuedC. orderedD. admitted22. A. stayedB. talkedC. sleptD. playedA. livedB. layC. satD. stood23. A. strangerB. regularC. survivorD. victimA. surprisedB. ashamedC. mercifulD. lonely24. A. planB. queueC. processD. discussionA. ObviouslyB. FinallyC. SuddenlyD. Naturally25. A. responsibilityB. influenceC. habitD. statusA. confusedB. disappointedC. delightedD. satisfied26. A. impressionB. recognitionC. punishmentD. opportunityA. teasedB. misunderstoodC. blamedD. overlooked27. A. considerB. speakC. hearD. botherA. observingB. treatingC. greetingD. defending28. A. judgementB. hitC. promiseD. differenceA. wrongB. unluckyC. foolishD. embarrassed29. A. suggestedB. describedC. broughtD. explainedA. wishB. reasonC. excuseD. admiration30. A. got along withB. looked up toC. kept up withD. watched out forA. honoredB. rememberedC. regrettedD. recognized31. A. intentionB. preparationC. doubtD. motivation【答案】2LD22. A 23. B 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31.D 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. A 36. C 37. B 38. B 39. C 40. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在医院不经意向一个住院的小女孩打招呼的举动为小女孩的心 情带来了巨大改变的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，最近他再次入院接受常规检查和治疗。A. rushed迅速移动；B. rescued拯 救；C.ordered订购；D. admitted接收入院。由上文的“My brother had a chronic （慢性的）disease."和下文的 “the hospital again for routine checks and treatment，z可知，最近作者的弟弟因为慢性病要接受常规检查和治 疗再一次住院了。应选D项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在那里的时候，我白天和他呆在一起，我父母晚上睡在那里。A. stayed待着;B. talked 谈话；C. slept 睡觉；D. played 玩耍。由下文的“ with him in the daytime and my parents slept there in the nightz,可知，弟弟住院了，作者白天待在医院里陪护弟弟，而父母晚上睡在医院陪弟弟。应选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他旁边，一个小女孩躺在床单的海洋里。A. lived居住；B.lay躺；C. sat坐； D.stood站。由下文的“in a sea of sheets"可知，在床单上，作者的弟弟旁边躺着一个小女孩。应选B项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她也是常客，所以住院对她来说可能不是什么新鲜事。A. stranger陌生人；B. regular 常客；C. survivor 幸存者;D. victim 受害者。由下文的 abeing at the hospital was probably nothing new to herz, 可知，对小女孩来说住院或许不是什么新鲜事了，说明小女孩习惯了住院，可得出她也是医院的常客。应 选B项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我看到她时，她看起来有点孤独。A. surprised惊讶的；B. ashamed羞愧的； C.merciful仁慈的；D.lonely孤独的。由下文的“Her mom had stepped out somewhere"可知，小女孩的母亲 出去了，就小女孩一个人，可得出小女孩看起来有点孤单。应选D项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她妈妈出去了，我们正在进入病房。A. plan方案；B.queue行列；C.process过 程；D. discussion讨论。由本处语境可知，作者一行人正走进病房，固定搭配in the process of意为“在的过程中、正在做。应选C项。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：自然，我笑着说“嗨纯粹是出于社交习惯。A. Obviously明显地；B. Finally 最后;C. Suddenly 突然;D. Naturally 当然地、自然地。由下文的 “I smiled and said "Hi out of pure social" 和常识可知，出于社交，作者自然地向小女孩微笑和打招呼。应选D项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：自然，我笑着说“嗨纯粹是出于社交习惯。A. responsibility责任；B. influence 影响;C.habit习惯;D.status地位。由上文的“I smiled and said "Hi"”和常识可知,作者是出于社交习惯, 才对小女孩微笑并和她打招呼。应选C项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，我觉得她很困惑，但后来她热情地笑了笑。A. confused困惑的；B. disappointed 失望的；C. delighted 快乐的；D. satisfied 满意的。由下文的 “but then she warmly smiled back” 可知，该空与下文形成转折，面对陌生人向自己打招呼，小女孩一开始是困惑的，但随后她热情地回以微 笑。应选A项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只能想到，不管她有什么状况，她都不会得到认可。A. impression印象；B. recognition 认可；C. punishment 惩罚；D. opportunity 时机。由上文语境和下文的 “Masses of people only talked toheroutofpity可知，面对作者自然地没有任何原因）向自己打招呼，小女孩一开始是困惑的，因为鉴 于她的状况，大多数人只是出于同情和小女孩聊天，并不是因为认可小女孩本人而和她聊天。应选B项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多人只是出于同情才和她说话，或者只是无视了她。A. teased取笑；B.misunderstood 误解；C. blamed 责备；D. overlooked 无视。由上文语境和上文的 “Masses ofpeople only talked to her out of pity,z可知，看见小女孩单独一人在病房，作者很自然地和她打招呼，小女孩一开始很困惑是因 为大多数人只是出于同情和她聊天，或者直接无视她（暗指不会和她打招呼）。应选D项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天我回家了，没有考虑太多。A. consider考虑、细想；B. speak说；C.hear听； D.bother打搅。由下文的“To me she was just a person”可知，对作者来说，小女孩只是一个普通人，所以 作者并没有过多地想这件事。应选A项。33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，她只是一个普通人，像简单的“嗨 一样问候一个人可能不会产生 什么影响。A. observing观察；B. treating对待；C. greeting问候、打招呼；D. defending防御。由上文的“I smiled and said “Hi和下文的“a simple "Hi""可知，上文中作者用“嗨问候小女孩，此处表示像说简单的“嗨这样问候一个人。应选C项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，她只是一个普通人，像简单的“嗨 一样问候一个人可能不会产生 什么影响。A. judgement判断；B. hit击中；C.promise承诺；D.difference差异。由上文语境可知，对作者 来说，小女孩只是一个普通人，作者认为像说简单的“嗨这样问候一个人可能不会产生什么影响，make a difference （有影响）。应选D项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但结果证明我错了。A. wrong错误的；B. unlucky不幸的；C.foolish愚蠢的； D. embarrassed 为难的。由上文语境和下文的 “the little girl talked to my mom about how much happiness"可 知，作者认为像说简单的“嗨这样问候一个人可能不会产生什么影响，但小女孩因为作者的“嗨感到 快乐，说明作者的想法是错误的。应选A项。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我离开后，小女孩告诉我妈妈我给她带来了多大的幸福。儿suggested建议；B. described 描述；C. brought 带来；D. explained 解释。由上文语境和上文的 “the little girl talked to my mom about how much happinessv可知，作者认为像说简单的“嗨这样问候一个人可能不会产生什么影响，但小女孩 因为作者的“嗨感到快乐，即作者用“嗨为这个小女孩带来了快乐。应选C项。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很明显，我不是特蕾莎修女，但很快乐知道，她看到的不是通常的皱眉头，这 是我看到她露出牙齿微笑的原因。A. wish希望；B. reason原因；C.excuse借口； D. admiration钦佩。由上 文的 “the little girl talked to my mom about how much happiness I had 16 to her” 和 u instead of the usual frowns （皱眉）she saw可知，作者用“嗨为这个小女孩带来了快乐，相比于其他人对小女孩的皱眉，作 者是小女孩微笑的原因。应选B项。【38题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我真的很尊敬她，因为她身上有一种非凡的勇气。A. got along with与相处 友好；B. looked up to 尊敬;C. kept up with 跟上；D. watched out for 密切注意。由下文的 “ for there was sense of uncommon courage in her/，可知，因为小女孩身上有不平凡的勇气，所以作者尊敬她。应选B项。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：遗憾的是，也许我可以做得更多。A. honored尊重；B. remembered记得；C. regretted 感到遗憾；D. recognized认可。由上文语境和下文的“I coukTve done more”可知，作者没想到自己简单的 一个“嗨会对小女孩产生影响，让她快乐，认为自己本可以为小女孩做更多的事情，所以感到遗憾。应 选C项。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我仍然感觉很好，就像我在院子里漫不经心地跳来跳去，不小心抓住了一把星 星。A. intention 目的、意图；B. preparation 准备；C. doubt 疑心；D. motivation 动机。由上文的“I just accidentally grabbed （抓住）a handful of stars while jumping carelessly around the yard withoutz，可知，作者认为自己在院子 里漫无目的地随意跳动不小心抓地抓到了一把星星。应选A项。第二节（共10小题;每题L5分，总分值15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Forests, which cover nearly one-third of the world's land area, are a vital and 41 (price) gift from nature to humanity. Forests have been regarded as a limitless source of many different types of raw materials since ancient times. From food to cooking wood, from clothing to housing, the forests benefit us directly or indirectly in every way.In the early 1990s,42 (approximate) 17% of India's land area 43 (consider) forest land.However, in 1987, the actual forest cover was 64 million hectares (公顷). In the 1980s, the growing population, 44 is in high demand for forest resources, fueled the destruction of forests. Every year, the topsoil 45 (lose) in forest is estimated (估计)to reach six billion tons.People have become more interested in 46 (conserve) since they realized deforestation threatened (威 胁)not only the ecology but also livelihood in a variety of ways. The Chipko Movement is the most famous activist movement of all. In India, local women decided to fight the government in order to save the forests. If a sporting goods company attempted to cut 47 ash trees in their district, the 48 (woman) of Chamoli District, declared that they would “stick to“ trees. Since 1973, it 49 (spread) and developed into an ecological movement, inspiring similar actions in other forest areas.50 movement has slowed deforestation, raisedenvironmental awareness, and showed people's power.【答案】41. priceless42. approximately 43. was considered44. which 45. lost. conservation46 down 48. women49. has spread 50. The【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了森林对人类的重要性以及印度著名的保护森林的运动TheChipko Movement o【41题详解】考查形容词。句意：森林覆盖了世界近三分之一的土地面积，是大自然给人类的一份重要而无价的礼物。 结合句意，形容词priceless (无价的)作定语，修饰名词gift。故填priceless。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：20世纪90年代初，印度约17%的土地被视为林地。副词approximately作状语，修饰百 分比 17%。故填 approximately。【43题详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：20世纪90年代初，印度约17%的土地被视为林地。该空为谓语、由时间 状语In the early 1990s可知，此处应用一般过去时；主语approximately 17% of India's land area与谓语动词 consider之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语approximately 17% of Indian land area意为“大 约17%的印度土地"，不可数，看作一个整体，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填was considered。44题详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：20世纪80年代，对森林资源需求旺盛的不断增长的人口加剧了森林的破坏。 此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是the growing population,指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which 引导该从句。故填which。【45题详解】考查过去分词。句意：据估计，每年森林流失的表土达60亿吨。本句已有谓语is estimated且无连词，动词 lose用非谓语形式，逻辑主语the topsoil与动词lose是动宾关系，lose用过去分词表被动，作后置定语。故 填 losto【46题详解】考查名词。句意：自从人们意识到森林砍伐不仅威胁生态，还以各种方式威胁生计以来，他们对保护自然 越来越感兴趣。由空格前的介词in可知，此处应用抽象名词conservation作宾语。