【优化方案】（深圳专用）2013高中英语 Module1 SectionⅡ Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary Language Study精品课件 外研版必修5.ppt

Section Introduction&Reading and VocabularyLanguage StudyModule 1British and American English要要点点透透析析讲讲练练互互动动1We have really everything in common with America nowadays，except of course，language.当然，除了当然，除了语语言外，如今我言外，如今我们们确确实实在所有方面在所有方面都和美国一都和美国一样样。词汇精研词汇精研词汇精研词汇精研品味品味经经典典Though they are twins，they have nothing in common.虽虽然是双胞胎，他然是双胞胎，他们们却毫无共同之却毫无共同之处处。To my surprise，I found I had a lot in common with this stranger.令我吃惊的是，我令我吃惊的是，我发现发现自己和自己和这这个陌生人有个陌生人有许许多共同点。多共同点。自我探究自我探究have sth.in common(with sb.)意意为为“_”；have sth.in common(with sth.)意意为为“_”，(与某人与某人)想法、想法、兴兴趣等相同趣等相同(与某物与某物)特征或特性相同特征或特性相同其其宾语宾语一般是表示程度的一般是表示程度的_等。等。a lot，everything，much，little，nothing In common with other students，Tom is good at English.和其他学生一和其他学生一样样，汤汤姆的英姆的英语语学得也很好。学得也很好。易混辨析易混辨析common，regular，usual，ordinary(1)common共同的，到共同的，到处处可可见见的，的，强强调调普遍性普遍性(2)regular定期的，定期的，强强调规调规律性；律性；(3)ordinary平凡无奇的，普通的，平凡无奇的，普通的，强强调调不特殊；不特殊；(4)usual经经常的，一常的，一贯贯如此的，如此的，强强调习惯调习惯性。性。单词团团转单词团团转用用common，usual，regular，ordinary填空填空It is(1)_ that drunken drivers have accidents，both important people and(2)_ people have equal chance to kill people or be killed.Therefore，test of alchol to drivers should be(3)_ carried out.Also a/an(4)_ warning should be given to the drivers who are addicted to monordinaryregularlyusual解析：从解析：从时时空概念上区分空概念上区分这这4个个词词很容易理很容易理解，也方便解，也方便记忆记忆。(1)common到到处处可可见见的，的，强强调调普遍性普遍性(空空间间概概念念)；(2)ordinary 普通的，普通的，层层次低次低(空空间间概概念念)；(3)regular定期的定期的(时间时间概念概念)；(4)usual经经常的，一常的，一贯贯如此的如此的(时间时间概念概念)。2It doesnt make much of a difference whether a teacher speaks British or American English.一位老一位老师说师说的是英式英的是英式英语还语还是美式英是美式英语语，这这并并没有多大差异。没有多大差异。品味品味经经典典It makes no difference whether he comes or not.他来不来没有多大的影响。他来不来没有多大的影响。If you can speak English very well，it does make a difference.如果你英如果你英语说语说得棒的得棒的话话，那会很不一，那会很不一样样。Could that make any difference to you?那那对对你有影响你有影响吗吗？自我探究自我探究whether.or._，为为固固定定结结构构，引引导导了了一一个个_，在在句句中中作作真真正正的的主主语语，而主句中的，而主句中的 _只是形式主只是形式主语语。make a difference 表示表示“_”或或_。“是否是否还还是是”主主语语从句从句itit有影响有影响“使使不一不一样样”常用的固定搭配常用的固定搭配还还有有 make no/some/any/much/a lot of difference 表示表示_。没有没有/有一些有一些/有很大的影响有很大的影响牛刀小牛刀小试试完成句子完成句子(1)他帮不帮助我他帮不帮助我们们没有多大的影响。没有多大的影响。It makes no difference _.whether he will help us or not(2)如果你想与如果你想与别别人不一人不一样样，你就，你就应该应该努力工作。努力工作。If you want to _，you should work hard.(3)他的失他的失败对败对你有影响你有影响吗吗？Does his failure _？make a differencemake any difference to you3British and American English are different in many ways.The first and most obvious way is in the vocabulary.英式英英式英语语与美式英与美式英语语在很多方面都不相同。最在很多方面都不相同。最首要、最明首要、最明显显的区的区别别就在于就在于词汇词汇。品味品味经经典典It is quite obvious that he didnt do it himself.显显然他没有然他没有亲亲自去做。自去做。It was obvious that she felt upset.显显然她感到不安。然她感到不安。Her disappointment was obvious to everyone.大家都看得出来她大家都看得出来她显显然很失望。然很失望。Obviously he cant tell the difference between them.显显然他无法区然他无法区别别二者的不同。二者的不同。自我探究自我探究obvious adj.意意为为“_”。句型句型 It is obvious that.意意为为“_”，_为为形式主形式主语语，_是主是主语语。obviously 是是_。显显然的，然的，显显而易而易见见的的显显然然itthat 从句从句副副词词单词团团转单词团团转obvious(obviously)，clear(clear)，apparent(apparent)显显然的然的/明明显显地地4As a tourist，you will need to use the underground in London or the subway in New York，or maybe you will prefer to get around the town by taxi(British)or cab(American)作作为为游客，你在游客，你在伦伦敦要乘的地敦要乘的地铁铁叫叫 underground，而在，而在纽约则纽约则叫叫 subway，或者你，或者你愿意乘坐愿意乘坐 taxi(英国用法英国用法)或者或者 cab(美国用法美国用法)游游览览城市。城市。品味品味经经典典It is difficult for him to get around without a stick.他没有手杖四他没有手杖四处处活活动动很困很困难难。It quickly got around that Joshua was back in town.乔乔舒舒亚亚已已经经回城的消息很快就回城的消息很快就传传开了。开了。(朗文朗文P813)I think we should be able to get around most of these problems.我我认为认为我我们应该们应该能避开能避开这这些些问题问题的大部分的。的大部分的。自我探究自我探究get around 意意为为“_”，相当于相当于 get about，后接，后接“人人”作作宾语时宾语时，表，表示示“劝劝服服(某人某人)”。四四处处走走动动；传传播；流播；流传传单词团团转单词团团转用适当的用适当的词词填空填空(get through，get along with，get down to，get around)A boy did not(1)_ most of his classmates so well，for he used to(2)_ them while they were working on assignments.get along withget aroundHis disturbing made it impossible for them to(3)_ their work.The usual case is that they managed to(4)_ their work with the help of the teacher who scolded and punished the boy.get down toget through解析：解析：这这些些词组词组皆皆为为常用必常用必备备的的语语言材料：言材料：get through意意为为“完成完成”；get along with意意为为“和和相相处处”；get down to意意为为正式做；正式做；get around意意为为“四四处处走走动动”。牛刀小牛刀小试试完成句子完成句子 We had to use public transport to _(外出活外出活动动)get around5Prepositions，too，can be different：compare on the team，on the weekend(American)with in the team，at the weekend(British)介介词词的用法也有所不同：比的用法也有所不同：比较较一下一下 on the team，on the weekend(美国用法美国用法)和和 in the team，at the weekend(英国用法英国用法)。品味品味经经典典Living in a town cant compare with living in the country in many respects.在在许许多方面城市生活比不上多方面城市生活比不上乡乡下生活。下生活。These women nurses can be compared to angels in white.这这些女些女护护士可以被比作白衣天使。士可以被比作白衣天使。A beginners painting cant be compared to that of an expert.初初学学者者的的画画不不能能与与专专家家的的相相比。比。Compared to/with developed countries，we still have a long way to go.与与发发达国家相比，我达国家相比，我们还们还有很有很长长的路要走。的路要走。自我探究自我探究compare sth.with sth._compare sth.to sth._compared to 常用作状常用作状语语，表示，表示“_”的意的意思。思。把把和和比比较较；比起来；比起来把把比比拟为拟为；喻为喻为和和相比相比牛刀小牛刀小试试完成句子完成句子(1)比比较较一一下下我我和和他他的的作作文文，你你会会发发现现他他的的比比较较好。好。_ my composition with his，and you will find his is better.Compare(2)和你哥哥相比，你和你哥哥相比，你应该应该更加努力学更加努力学习习英英语语。_ with your brother，you should make greater efforts to study English.Compared(3)当当比比较较不不同同的的文文化化的的时时候候，我我们们经经常常只只注注意不同点，而不注意它意不同点，而不注意它们们的相同点。的相同点。_ different cultures，we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.Comparing解析：第一句是解析：第一句是“祈使句祈使句and陈陈述句述句”句句型型结结构，所以用构，所以用动词动词原形；第二句原形；第二句为过为过去分去分词词短短语语作状作状语语，表示被，表示被动动，和主句主，和主句主语语存在存在逻辑逻辑动宾动宾关系，相当于关系，相当于If you are compared with your brother，you.；第三句；第三句为为v.ing形式作形式作状状语语，表示主，表示主动动，和主句主，和主句主语语之之间间存在存在逻辑逻辑主主谓谓关系，相当于关系，相当于When we compare different cultures，we.。6The other two areas in which the two varieties differ are spelling and pronunciation.两两种种语语言言分分类类各各不不相相同同的的另另外外两两个个方方面面就就是是拼拼写和写和发发音。音。(1)variety品味品味经经典典Theres a large variety of dishes on the menu.菜菜单单上有上有许许多种菜。多种菜。A variety of apples are sold in this supermarket.这这家超市家超市卖卖各种各各种各样样的苹果。的苹果。There are new varieties of wheat.麦子有麦子有许许多新品种。多新品种。Teaching methods vary greatly from school to school.各个学校的教学方法大不相同。各个学校的教学方法大不相同。(朗文朗文P2206)自我探究自我探究variety n意意 为为 _；a variety of 意意为为_，相相当当于于 _。variety 的的前前面面可可以以有有_，_，_ 等等词词修修饰饰。(2)differ“变变化；品种，化；品种，变变种；多种多种；多种多样样”“多种多多种多样样的的”varieties ofgreatlargewide品味品味经经典典Our opinion differs greatly from each others in that respect.我我们们的的意意见见在在那那方方面面有有很很大大的的出入。出入。The brothers differ widely in their tastes.他他们们弟兄的弟兄的爱爱好大相径庭。好大相径庭。Im sorry to differ with you on that.对对不起，在那一点上我与你看法不同。不起，在那一点上我与你看法不同。自我探究自我探究动词动词 differ 在在该该句中的意思是句中的意思是“不同于，相不同于，相异异”。与介。与介词词 _连连用表示用表示“在某方面相在某方面相异异”。与介。与介词词 _连连用，表示用，表示“和和不同不同”，相当于，相当于_。differ _sb._ sth.意意为为“不同意，持异不同意，持异议议”。infrombe different fromwith /fromabout/on单词团团转单词团团转用适当的用适当的词词填空填空The trees differ(1)_ each other，but it is difficult to tell what they are different(2)_After careful observation，youll tell the differences(3)_ the trees.frominbetween解析：解析：这这三个句子把三个同根三个句子把三个同根词词有机地有机地结结合在合在一起，既考一起，既考查查了不同搭配又了不同搭配又说说明它明它们们的内在的内在联联系。建系。建议记议记住住这这段情景。段情景。牛刀小牛刀小试试完成句子完成句子这这家旅家旅馆为馆为客人提供各种各客人提供各种各样样的的娱乐娱乐活活动动。The hotel offers its guests _ amusements.a wide variety of7The accent，which is most similar to British English，can be heard on the East Coast of the US.在美国在美国东东海岸能听到与英国英海岸能听到与英国英语语非常相似的口非常相似的口音。音。品味品味经经典典She is similar in temper to her mother.她的脾气跟她她的脾气跟她妈妈妈妈相似。相似。The object of the game is similar to that of badminton.这这种运种运动动的目的和羽毛球相似。的目的和羽毛球相似。自我探究自我探究similar 作形容作形容词词，意，意为为“_”。后可接介。后可接介词词 to，构成构成 be similar to sb./sth.结结构，意构，意为为“_”。表示。表示“在在方面相似方面相似”，用，用 _。be similar to 的的反反义词义词是是 _“与与不同不同”。近似的，近似的，类类似的，相似的似的，相似的和和相似相似be similar inbe different from单词团团转单词团团转用用similar，similarly，similarity填空填空The two friends are(1)_ to each other in many ways，and they act(2)_But neither of them believes that there is much(3)_ between them.similarsimilarlysimilarity单词单词一条一条线线different(不同不同)similar(相似相似)same(相同相同)identical(完全一完全一样样)8But it has also led to lots of American words and structures passing into British English，so that some people now believe that British English will disappear.但是但是这这也致使也致使许许多美国英多美国英语单词语单词和和结结构构传传入英入英国英国英语语，以至于，以至于现现在有一些人相信英国英在有一些人相信英国英语语将将要消失。要消失。品味品味经经典典Hard work leads to success and failure often lies in laziness.勤勤劳劳通向成功，失通向成功，失败败源于源于懒懒惰。惰。Too much work and too little rest often lead to illness.过过量的工作和量的工作和过过少的休息会引起疾病。少的休息会引起疾病。This road leads to the hotel.这这条路通向旅条路通向旅馆馆。What led you to this conclusion?你是怎样得出这个结论的？你是怎样得出这个结论的？What led you to take up acting as a career?是什么让你开始从事演艺事业的？是什么让你开始从事演艺事业的？自我探究自我探究lead to _，其中，其中 to 为为介介词词，后接，后接_。lead sb.ton.“_”；lead sb._sth.使某人做使某人做。“引起，引起，导导致；通向致；通向”名名词词或或动动名名词词引引导导某人某人to do单词团团转单词团团转引起，引起，导导致：致：lead tobring aboutgive rise toresult in9A Londoner has more difficulty understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker.伦伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏苏格格兰兰人人说话说话比比听懂听懂纽约纽约人人说话说话更更难难。句型巧析句型巧析句型巧析句型巧析品味品味经经典典Some students have difficulty in finding jobs after graduation.有有些些学学生生毕毕业业后后很很难难找找到到工工作。作。He said he had some difficulties with his English pronunciation.他他说说他在英他在英语发语发音方面有一些困音方面有一些困难难。Did you have any trouble finding his house?你找到他的房子有没有困你找到他的房子有没有困难难？自我探究自我探究have difficulty in doing sth.“_”的意思。的意思。difficulty 前可加修前可加修饰词饰词 _等；等；_可省略。可省略。做某事有困做某事有困难难much，little，noindifficulty 可可换换成成 _，_，_，_，_ 等，若等，若difficulty 等后接名等后接名词词，介，介词词 in 换换成成 _。troubleproblema hard timea good timegreat funwith牛刀小牛刀小试试You cant imagine what difficulty we had _ home in the snowstorm.AwalkedBwalkCto walk Dwalking解析：解析：选选D。we had为为定定语语从句，修从句，修饰饰先行先行词词difficulty。imagine后后宾语宾语从句的从句的谓语为谓语为have difficulty(in)doing sth.结结构。构。10This nonstop communication，the experts think，has made it easier for British people and Americans to understand each other.专专家家认为认为，这这种不种不间间断的交流使得英美人之断的交流使得英美人之间间的相互理解的相互理解变变得更加容易。得更加容易。品味品味经经典典His dream was that the Olympic Games would make it possible for countries and people to live peacefully side by side.他的梦想就是奥林匹克运他的梦想就是奥林匹克运动动会能使所有的国家会能使所有的国家和人和人们们和平共和平共处处。New inventions and discoveries have made it possible for us to think about the world in new ways.新新的的发发明明和和发发现现使使我我们们用用新新的的方方式式了了解解世世界界成成为为可能。可能。We found it pleasant that we worked together with them.我我们发现们发现与他与他们们一起工作很愉快。一起工作很愉快。He thinks it no need talking about it with them.他他认为认为没有必要跟他没有必要跟他们谈们谈。自我探究自我探究当当_、_或或_在复在复合合宾语结宾语结构中作某些构中作某些动词动词的的宾语时宾语时(如如 make，find，see，hear 等等)，为为保持句子平衡，常用保持句子平衡，常用 _作形式作形式宾语宾语，而将真正的，而将真正的宾语宾语放在句放在句尾。其尾。其结结构构为为：主：主语语谓语动词谓语动词 it 形容形容词词/名名词词/代代词词不定式不定式/动动名名词词/从句。从句。it 后面的后面的形容形容词词或名或名词词作作_。不定式不定式动动名名词词从句从句it宾补宾补单词团团转单词团团转用适当的用适当的词词填空填空I have to make(1)_ clear that(2)_ is no use regret what you have done and that you should never take(3)_ for granted that another chance will be given to you.ititit解析：解析：(1)题题、(3)题题it作形式作形式宾语宾语，替代，替代that引引导导真正的真正的宾语宾语从句；从句；(2)题题it 作形式主作形式主语语，替代，替代that引引导导真正的主真正的主语语从句。从句。11When the Irish writer George Bernard Shaw made the famous remark that the British and the Americans are two nations divided by a common language,he was obviously thinking about the differences.当著名的当著名的爱爱尔尔兰兰作家作家萧萧伯伯纳说纳说出出“英国和英国和美国是被一种常美国是被一种常见见的的语语言分割开来的两个国家言分割开来的两个国家”一番一番话时话时，很明，很明显显他考他考虑虑了两者之了两者之间间的差异。的差异。品味品味经经典典I have no idea when he will come.我不知道他什么我不知道他什么时时候来。候来。Almost everyone expressed the hope that we would meet again.几几乎乎每每个个人人都都表表达达了了想想再再次次见见面的希望。面的希望。I am glad to hear the news that our team has won the game.我很高我很高兴兴听到我听到我们队赢们队赢得了比得了比赛赛的消息。的消息。自我探究自我探究that the British and the Americans are two nations divided by a common language 是是_，用来，用来说说明前面的名明前面的名词词 remark 的的_。常跟在以下名。常跟在以下名词词的后面：的后面：idea，thought，belief，hope，suggestion，doubt，order，news。同位同位语语从句从句内容内容归纳归纳拓展拓展that 引引导导同位同位语语从句从句时时，是，是连词连词，在从句中不，在从句中不充当任何成分，一般不能省略；充当任何成分，一般不能省略；that 引引导导定定语语从句从句时时，是关系代，是关系代词词，在从句中充当主，在从句中充当主语语或或宾宾语语，若作，若作宾语宾语，可以省略。，可以省略。,试试看以下两个例看以下两个例句：句：,(1)The news that our football team won the match was encouraging.(同位同位语语从句从句),(2)The news(that)we heard on the radio was encouraging.(定定语语从句从句)语语法一条法一条线线The news(1)_ Mr.Zhang will teach us is true while the news(2)_ a girl classmate told me is false.thatthat解析：第一句里从句解析：第一句里从句为为同位同位语语从句，从句，news充充当成分，第二句里从句当成分，第二句里从句为为定定语语从句，从句，news作作told的的宾语宾语。