2022年高三上学期期中模拟预测卷（全国卷）02-英语（解析版）.docx

2022年高三上学期期中模拟预测卷02【全国卷】英语（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试 卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转 涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一 遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. £19. 15.B.£9. 18.C.£9. 15.答案是CoWhat are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Cheese.B. Apples.C. Sausages.【答案】C【原文】W: I found a local butcher that makes the most amazing pork sausages. He makes some with apples that are out of this world.C. introduce a topicD. show his colorful life25 . What factors lead to the popularity of micro-flats according to the text?A. The growing young population and rising living costs.B. Housing shortages and the growing ageing population.C. Urban conveniences, housing shortages and rising house prices.D. An affordability crisis, urban conveniences and the growing population.26. What does the underlined word “optimize“ in Para. 4 mean?A. Limit.B. Decorate.C. Set aside.D. Make full use of.27. What would be discussed in the following paragraph?A. Price controls on the housing market.B. Examples of micro-flats in other areas.C. Why many old people prefer micro-flats.D. How to find affordable micro-flats near work.【答案】24. C 25. C 26. D 27. B【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了高房价、住房短缺等因素使得大城市中的微型公寓成 为房市宠儿。24 .推理判断题。文章第一段讲述完Samuel Baron的个例后，第二段首句给出了全文的中心句“The tiny house movement has been on the rise.99 （微型房的需求一直在增长。）故推知，作者用Samuel Baron的例子是为了引出文章的话题。故选C项。25 .细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Driven by housing shortage and an affordability crisis in cities across the globe, these micro-suites are being planned and promoted by developers.59 （受住房短缺和全 球各城市承受能力危机的推动，开发商正在规划和推广这些微型套房。）；以及“young people who want to be close to urban conveniences, job opportunities and city life in places like New York, Paris and Vancouver."（年轻人想要得到城市的便利、工作机会，也想在像New York, Paris and Vancouver 大城市生活。）；以及第三段中“Rising house prices in big cities have squeezed many homebuyers out ofthemarket."（大城市不断上涨的房价将许多购房者挤出了市场。）可知，城市生活的便利、住 房短缺和房价上涨使得微型公寓备受人们亲睐。故选C项。26 .词句猜测题。A. Limit 限制；B. Decorate 装饰；C. Set aside 留出，不顾；D. Make full use of充分利用。根据第四段中“so there is no unused room"（所以没有闲置的房间），可知，My Micro NY 这个项目应该是充分利用了每一寸空间。故选D项。27 .推理判断题。根据最后段中“Similar projects are being developed in the UK and Canada, too”. （英国和加拿大也在开发类似的项目。）可推断出，下文应该列举其他地方推行的微型公寓项目。故选B项。CA new test for COVID-19 is coming to store shelves throughout the U.S. This is the first test for the disease that you can do at home. It does not need a prescription, or doctor's approval, to use.Currently, the U.S. is testing nearly 2 million people daily, and most health experts agree the country needs to be testing many more people than that. Most tests still require a nasal swab （鼻拭子） performed by a health professional, followed by processing at a laboratory. That typically means you have to wait days for the test results.For months, health experts have stressed the need for fast, widespread home testing, which allows people to screen themselves and avoid contact with others if they have an infection. With this new home test, people can “swab their nose, run the test and find out their results in as little as 20 minutes J said FDA commissioner Stephen Hahn.The test kit includes a small tool to help you to take nasal swab, or sample from inside your nose. Once you swab your nostril （鼻孔）you place the swab onto a small cartridge. This cartridge analyzes the sample and sends the results to an app on your smartphone. The app displays the results and then helps you interpret them. Users can also connect with a health professional through the app.Ellume's test works differently than other tests. Most tests look fbr the genetic material of the virus. This is the material that hakes up its genes, which influence how the virus looks and acts. However, Ellume's test looks fbr proteins that the virus sheds （散发）.These viral proteins are large molecules that can trigger a response from your immune system, which is the collection of cells and their responses that help the body fight off infections.Like other COVID-19 tests that look for proteins, Ellume's test still has a shall chance of errors.FDA officials say that people who get a negative result but still have coronavirus symptoms shouldfollow up with a doctor.Although the price of the test could prevent some people from using it, Dr. Michael Mina, a professor at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, called the new test "a great addition, to existing options.28 . What is the problem with current testing in the U.S.?A. It is not efficient enough.B. It leads to poor management.C. It based on nasal swabs.D. It results in outbreak of virus.29 . What is the right procedure for home testing?a. analyze the sampleb. send the result to an app c. take a nasal swabd. place the swab on a cartridge e. interpret the resultA. cadbe.B. cdabe.C. dcbae.D. dcabe.30 . What is a negative factor of the new test?A. It's unaffordable fbr some people. B. It has a great chance of errors.C. It's an addition to existing options. D. It causes people to get infected. 31. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A. Smartphone apps for analysis.B. A tool for taking Nasal swab.C. More options for recovering.D. Home test for CO VID-19.【答案】28. A 29. B 30. A 31. D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的COVID-19病毒检测方法，这种新的方法 简单易操作，使用者可在家自行进行家庭检测，而且检测结果很快。28 .推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Currently, the U.S. is testing nearly 2 million people daily, and most health experts agree the country needs to be testing many more people than that. Most tests still require a nasal swab （鼻拭子）performed by a health professional, followed by processing at a laboratory. That typically means you have to wait days for the test results.（目前,美国每天检测近 200 万人，大多数健 康专家认为，美国需要检测的人要多得多。大多数检测仍然需要由卫生专业人员进行鼻拭子检测, 然后在实验室进行处理。这通常意味着你要等几天才能得到测试结果）”可推断，目前的检测方法 无法满足检测的人数需求，而且需要很久才能得到检测结果，所以是低效的。故选A。29 .细节理解题。根据第四段“Once you swab your nostril （鼻孔）you place the swab onto a small cartridge. This cartridge analyzes the sample and sends the results to an app on your smartphone. The app displays the results and then helps you interpret them.（当你用棉签擦拭鼻孔时，把棉签放在一个 小墨盒上。这个墨盒分析样本，并将结果发送到您的智能手机上的应用程序。该应用程序显示结 果，然后帮助你解释它们）”可知，应先擦拭鼻孔，然后放到墨盒上，墨盒分析样本，把结果发到 APP上，最后解读结果。故选B。30 .细节理解题。根据最后一段“Although the price of the test could prevent some people from using it, Dr. Michael Mina, a professor at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, called the new test “a great addition" to existing options.（尽管这种测试的价格可能会使一些人望而却步，但马萨诸塞州 剑桥市哈佛大学教授Michael Mina博士称，这种新测试是对现有选择的“一个很好的补充"）”可知, 这种测试的弊端就是价格昂贵，有些人负担不起。故选A。31 .主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Anew test for COVID-19 is coming to store shelves throughout the U.S. This is the first test for the disease that you can do at home. It does not need a prescription, or doctor's approval, to use.（一种新的COVID-19检测方法即将在美国各地的商店上架。这是你可以 在家里进行的首个检测方法。它不需要处方或医生的批准就可以使用）”及全文可知，文章主要介 绍了一种新的COVID-19检测方法。所以“Home test for COVID-19.（COVID-19家庭检测）”作为文 章标题最为合适。故选D。DSleep, considered a luxury by many, is essential for a person's health and happiness. Researchers have found that inadequate sleep and tiredness increase a person's risk of developing severe medical conditions, such as obesity, high blood sugar levels, and heart disease. Now, a new study has found that getting enough sleep is also the key to improving academic performance.Jeffrey Gross, the university science professor who led the research, was not trying to find the relationship between sleep and grades when he handed out smart watches to the 100 students in his chemistry class. Instead, the professor hoped the wrist-worn devices （装置）,which track a person's physical activity, would show a connection between exercise and academic achievement.While Gross's data showed no relationship between these two factors （因素），the study foundsomething surprising. As the researchers were analyzing their data, they noticed that there was a straight-line relationship between the average amount of sleep a student got and their results in the course's 11 quizzes, three midterm tests, and the final exam.Even more interesting, it was not enough for students to just head to bed early the night before a test. Instead, it's the sleep you get during the days when learning is happening that matters most.The time students went to bed each night was similarly important. Those who went to bed in early hours of the morning performed poorly, even if the total sleep time was the same as a higher- performing student. "When you go to bed matters/9 Gross says, “If you go to bed at 109 or 12, or 1 at night, and sleep for seven hours, your performance is the same. But if you go to bed after 2, your performance starts to go down even if you get the same seven hours. So, quantity isn't everything.Perhaps the most interesting was the huge effect that small differences in sleep patterns had on the students5 grades. The entire course grades for students averaging six and a half hours of sleep each night were 25% lower than students who averaged just one hour more sleep. Similarly, students who changed their bedtime by even one hour each night had grades that dropped 45% below those with more regular bedtimes.Who knew getting Adjust required some extra ZZZ's?32 . Based on his original goals, which best describes Professor Gross's research findings?A. Complete.B. Accidental.D. Doubtful.C. Convincing.33 . Who were the people taking part in the study?A. University student athletes.B Professor Gross's own students.C. Middle school chemistry students.D. Volunteers from different universities.34 . How did Professor Gross's team measure academic performance?A. Making the students wear a special watch.B Giving the students regular after-class quizzes.C. Using students' university entrance test results.D. Using the students' normal test and quiz grades.35 . Based on the study's findings, who is likely to perform best academically?A. A person who sleeps for a total of 7 hours each night.B A person who sleeps from 11 p. m. to 6 a. m. each day.C. A person whose normal bedtime changes between 9 p. m. and 12 p. m.D. A person who has a good night's sleep the night before an important test.【答案】32. B 33. B 34. D 35. B【分析】这是一篇说明文。一项新研究表明，睡眠不足除了对身体健康造成不良影响之外，也会 对学习成绩产生影响。好的睡眠是提高学习成绩的关键。32 .推理判断题。根据第三段“While Gross's data showed no relationship between these two factors （因 素）,the study found something surprising. As the researchers were analyzing their data, they noticed that there was a straight-line relationship between the average amount of sleep a student got and their results in the course's 11 quizzes, three midterm tests, and the final exam. "（虽然格罗斯的数据显示这 两个因素之间没有关系，但这项研究发现了一些令人惊讶的东西。在研究人员分析数据时，他们 注意到，学生的平均睡眠时间与他们在这门课的11次测验、3次期中考试和期末考试中的成绩之 间存在直线关系。）可知，基于他最初的目标，格罗斯教授的研究发现是“偶然的故选B。33 .细节理解题。根据第二段中“Jeffrey Gross, the university science professor who led the research, was not trying to find the relationship between sleep and grades when he handed out smart watches to the 100 students in his chemistry class."（领导这项研究的大学科学教授杰弗里格罗斯（Jeffrey Gross） 在给化学课上的100名学生分发智能手表时，并不是为了寻找睡眠和成绩之间的关系。）可知， 参与研究的人是他自己的学生。故选B。34 .细节理解题。根据第三段中“As the researchers were analyzing their data, they noticed that there was a straight-line relationship between the average amount of sleep a student got and their results in the course's 11 quizzes, three midterm tests, and the final exam. "（在研究人员分析数据时，他们注意 到，学生的平均睡眠时间与他们在这门课的11次测验、3次期中考试和期末考试中的成绩之间存 在直线关系。）可知，格罗斯教授的团队是使用学生的正常测试和测验成绩来衡量学业表现的。 故选D。35 .推理判断题。根据第五段中“The time students went to bed each night was similarly important.Those who went to bed in early hours of the morning performed poorly, even if the total sleep time was the same as a higher- performing student. tWhen you go to bed matters,“ Gross says, “If you go to bed at 10, or 12, or 1 at night, and sleep for seven hours, your performance is the same. （学生每晚睡觉的 时间同样重要。那些在清晨上床睡觉的学生表现很差，即使他们的总睡眠时间与表现较好的学生 相同。”“你上床睡觉的时候很重要，'格罗斯说，“如果你晚上10点、12点或1点上床，睡7个 小时，你的表现是一样的。“）可知，根据这项研究的发现，睡得较早，且时间足够的学生表现 好。结合选项推知，每天从晚上11点睡到早上6点的人可能在学业上表现最好。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The term “social distancing“ is all over the news, but what does it really mean? Social distancing refers to staying a specific distance away from other people to help prevent illnesses from spreading.36 With all the misinformation online, take a few minutes to review how to social distance and learn why it's important to help stop COVID-19. Stay 6 ft （1.8 m）, or your government's recommended distance, away from other people. COVID-19 typically spreads through droplets, like sneezes or coughs, which are typically found in public spaces. 37 That's why social distancing is so important. Call or video chat with loved ones instead of visiting. Get in touch with a friend or family member and see if they'd like to chat. If a phone call isn't cutting it for you, see if they'd be interested in video chatting. While there's no real replacement for in-person social gatherings, virtual hang-outs can help you stay connected. 38 Stay away from crowded areas. 39If you choose to visit a public space, check that it ispracticing safe social distancing measures, so you can stay safe during your visit. 40 COVID-19 is exhausting both emotionally and mentally, and there's no reason for youto cook meals every single day. It's great to support your local restaurants - just do it safely by ordering delivery through the restaurant or a third-party delivery service.A. Going out in public is unavoidable.B Order delivery instead of eating out.C. Wear a face mask whenever you go out in public.D. Cook meals at home instead of eating at restaurants.E. They can travel a pretty long distance through the air.【答案】36. F 37. E 38. G 39. A 40. B【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就预防新冠病毒，保持社交距离提出了几点建议。36. 根据上文“Social distancing refers to staying a specific distance away from other people to help prevent illnesses from spreading.（“保持社交距离”指的是与他人保持一定距离，以防止疾病传播）” 可知，上文提到了“社交距离''的概念，推测本句是在说明其制定者。故F选项“社交距离由卫生 专家和国家政府确定"符合语境，故选F。37. 根据上文“ Stay 6 ft （1.8 m）, or your government's recommended distance, away from other people. COVID-19 typically spreads through droplets, like sneezes or coughs, which are typically found in public spaces.（与他人保持6英尺（1.8米）的距离，或政府建议的距离。COVID-19通常通过 飞沫传播，如打喷嚏或咳嗽，这通常出现在公共场所）”以及后文"That，s why social distancing is so important.（这就是社交距离如此重要的原因）”可知，本句是在说明社交距离重要的原因：新冠病毒 可以通过空气传播相当长的距离。故E选项“它们可以通过空气传播相当长的距离”符合语境，故 选Eo根据上文“ Call or video chat with loved ones instead of visiting. Get in touch with a friend or family member and see if they'd like to chat. If a phone call isn't cutting it fbr you, see if they'd be interested in video chatting. While there's no real replacement fbr in-person social gatherings, vi