高考英语复习 专题 短文改错精品课件 大纲人教版.ppt

英语高考专题英语高考专题短短 文文 改改 错错1短文改错的设题切入口短文改错的设题切入口近几年高考短文改错题题型稳定、考查点近几年高考短文改错题题型稳定、考查点多、覆盖面广。多、覆盖面广。一般以三种题型出现一般以三种题型出现:增加增加,删除或修改删除或修改。设问的角度有三个：设问的角度有三个：词法、句法和行文逻词法、句法和行文逻辑辑。从这三个角度考查学生在语篇中综合。从这三个角度考查学生在语篇中综合运用英语的准确性。运用英语的准确性。从错误比例上看从错误比例上看，2：1：7或者或者 1：1：8：多多 缺缺 错错2 测试点分布测试点分布 1、名词、名词 2、动词时态、动词时态/语态语态 3、代词、代词 4、从句、从句 5、形容词、副词、形容词、副词 6、冠词、冠词 7、连词、连词 8、介词、介词34一、动词形一、动词形 主要包括两类错误：动词的主要包括两类错误：动词的时态时态和和语态语态错误，以及错误，以及主、谓不一致主、谓不一致的错误。的错误。Whenhegetshome,hesawtheanimalwaitingatthedoor,stillwearinghisjacketwiththewalletinthepocket.InGradeEightItookphysics.InonetestIgetonly36percentoftheanswerscorrect.gotgot5ImsorrythatIwasntabletoreturnyourbikeontimeyesterday.Imeantogiveitbacktoyoubeforefourintheafternoon,butwasholduponmywayback.(2009全国卷全国卷2)分析：mean改为meant,hold改为held;文章是描述过去发生的事情。ImgladtoknowthatyouhadaninterestinChinesefood.(2009重庆卷)分析:had-have描述现在的事情描述现在的事情61.When our six children were young,suppertime is always being interrupted.2.Growing up is not easy.Sometimes all that is need is someone to rely on.wasneeded7 考点剖析考点剖析 此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几个方面：此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几个方面：(1)短文中时态的使用前后不一致。短文中时态的使用前后不一致。(2)在特定语境条件下时态的误用在特定语境条件下时态的误用(如含有状如含有状语从句的复合句中，主句用将来时态，而从句语从句的复合句中，主句用将来时态，而从句中则用一般现在时态中则用一般现在时态)。(3)主动语态和被动语态的混用。主动语态和被动语态的混用。8解决方案解决方案(1)通读全文，搞清文中动词时态通读全文，搞清文中动词时态的主旋律的主旋律.(2)结合语境，灵活运用时态形式结合语境，灵活运用时态形式.(3)认真推敲，准确把握主动与被认真推敲，准确把握主动与被动动.9二、名词数二、名词数 指指名词单、复数形式名词单、复数形式的用法错误。的用法错误。高考链接：高考链接：Personally,Ifoundmostlessonratheruninteresting.lessons 高考链接：高考链接：If you have interests in it,reply to me soon.interest10Istayedhereforoneandahalfhour.(2009全国卷全国卷2)分析：.hour改为hours OnerainydaywhileIwaswalkinghomewithoneofmyfriend,atrunkcametostopbesideus.(2009浙江卷浙江卷)分析：分析：考查名词数。考查名词数。one of 后受后受one of影响必须用名词影响必须用名词复数形式，应改为复数形式，应改为friends.111.The book will give you all the informations you need.2.He is on good term with me.3.He is a generous fellow,and will soon make friend with you again.furniture,fun,homework,paper,news,progress,trouble,work（工作），（工作），advice等等informationtermsfriends12三、还要注意形和副三、还要注意形和副 注意注意形容词和副词形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错题的常考点。法。这也是高考短文改错题的常考点。高考链接：高考链接：I got to the finishing line first.I won the race.I felt very proudly of myself.高考链接：高考链接：We can hear birds singing happy all around.proudhappily修饰修饰名词名词、bebe动词、系动词动词、系动词要用要用形容词；形容词；修饰修饰动词动词、形容词、整个句子、形容词、整个句子用用副词；副词；比较级比较级和和最高级最高级的使用。的使用。131.They came back lately and had some tea.2.The two men threw all their equipment into the water to make the balloon light.3.The new person on the job feels more better after he or she has played tennis with other people in the office.latelightermuch/even/rather14考点剖析考点剖析:(1)形容词和副词的混用，是短文形容词和副词的混用，是短文改错中常见的考点之一改错中常见的考点之一.(2)比较级和最高级的混用或误用比较级和最高级的混用或误用.(3)比较级和最高级修饰语的误用比较级和最高级修饰语的误用以及近义词的误用以及近义词的误用.15解决方案解决方案(1)熟知形容词和副词的句法功熟知形容词和副词的句法功能能.(2)理清短文中形容词和副词比理清短文中形容词和副词比较较等级的关系等级的关系.(3)结合短文内容，准确使用形结合短文内容，准确使用形容词和副词容词和副词.16四、非谓语，细辨别四、非谓语，细辨别这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有现这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有现在分词、过去分词，动名词和不定式错误。在分词、过去分词，动名词和不定式错误。高考链接高考链接：I could not to run very fast and fell behind.高考链接：高考链接：Li Meng came see me every day.to17SoIhelpedthemgoingtothenearesthospital.(2009全国卷全国卷2)分析：分析：going改为改为go考查非谓语动词的复合结考查非谓语动词的复合结构：构：help sb(to)do sthMyclassmate,Joseph,isatpresentinhospitalwith a breaking leg.(2009陕西卷陕西卷)【解析解析】breaking-broken非谓语动词做定语，非谓语动词做定语，与所修饰词是被动关系，用过去分词与所修饰词是被动关系，用过去分词 181.He has never been heard speak ill of others.2.I just want to thank you for helping me becoming a different person.3.It is difficult to make yourself understand in English.tounderstoodbecome194.On his way home,he suddenly heard his name calling.5.But then there are always more mysteries look into.6.After learn the basics of the subject,nothing else seemed very practical to me.calledtolearning20考点剖析考点剖析此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几个此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几个方面：方面：(1)谓语动词与非谓语动词的混用谓语动词与非谓语动词的混用.(2)非谓语动词之间的混用非谓语动词之间的混用.(3)在并列结构中非谓语动词的误在并列结构中非谓语动词的误用用.21(1)纵观全文或全句，明确句中动词纵观全文或全句，明确句中动词所作的句子成分所作的句子成分.(2)系统掌握非谓语动词的句法功能系统掌握非谓语动词的句法功能.(3)前后联系，整体把握前后联系，整体把握.22高考链接：高考链接：IheardthatMr.WangwouldteachourEnglishthisterm.1.1.人称代词人称代词主格主格和和宾格宾格，物主代词物主代词的使用的使用2.2.反身代词反身代词oneselfoneself的使用的使用3 3不定代词不定代词的使用的使用4 4Both,all,either,neither,noneBoth,all,either,neither,none的使用的使用.5 5.WhoseWhose 和和whowhos s，itsits和和itits s的区别的区别五五、代词代词格，格，细领悟细领悟us23高考链接：高考链接：Ishouldbeabletotellvisitorsaboutourhistoryandcultureandshowthemtheirgreatachievement.高考链接：高考链接：JustatthattimeIwokeupandfoundmestillinbed!ourmyself244.People find increasingly difficult to make their living.5.Those fresh men finally learned to solve the problems by them.6.I read your e-mail to my parents and showed them the photo you sent it to me.itthemselves25考点剖析考点剖析 此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几个方面：个方面：1)代词指代的人或事物前后不一致代词指代的人或事物前后不一致的错误的错误.2)“it”一词的不当使用一词的不当使用(包括用于包括用于从句中或作形式主语或宾语从句中或作形式主语或宾语).3)不定代词或反身代词的误用不定代词或反身代词的误用.26解决方案解决方案(1)顺藤摸瓜，理清短文中代词的指顺藤摸瓜，理清短文中代词的指代关系，注意联系上下文。代关系，注意联系上下文。(2)系统掌握系统掌握it的各种用法的各种用法.(3)准确把握不定代词在文中的正确使准确把握不定代词在文中的正确使 用。用。27主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识，其主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识，其错误表现形式主要有三种：错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭多词、少词和搭配错误。配错误。catch a sight of lose my heart in hurry in Sunday afternoon such many people in a shortaon so六、习惯用法要记住六、习惯用法要记住281.Dont approach to a work of art in such a spirit.2.The boy was absorbed building a dam in the brook.3.The gentleman insisted at my receiving the money.4.At last we reached to the village at the foot of the hill inon296.Because the help you gave me that summer,my life changed.7.When a young man starts to earn his own living,he can no longer expect others to pay his food.offor30考点剖析考点剖析:(1)在一些固定短语中，介词的误在一些固定短语中，介词的误用用 是很常见的题型是很常见的题型.(2)介词与连词或副词的混用介词与连词或副词的混用.(3)及物动词之后介词的多用或不及及物动词之后介词的多用或不及物动词之后介词的漏用物动词之后介词的漏用.31解决方案解决方案:(1)平时的学习中注意积累语言知识，平时的学习中注意积累语言知识，特别是一些固定搭配的记忆特别是一些固定搭配的记忆.(2)强化语法训练，分清连词，副词强化语法训练，分清连词，副词和介词之间的区别和句法功能和介词之间的区别和句法功能.(3)语法知识的记忆和语感的培养结合语法知识的记忆和语感的培养结合起来起来.32七、句子成分多分析七、句子成分多分析 不同的句子成分要用不同的词类；不同的语境要不同的句子成分要用不同的词类；不同的语境要选择不同的词语。只有对句子结构和成分作细致的分选择不同的词语。只有对句子结构和成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。析，才能找出用词不当的错误。TheUnitedStatesiscomposedoffiftystates,twoofthoseareseparatedfromtheothersbylandorwater.Which331.These photos will show you how our village looks like.2.I cannot make sense of that he said at the meeting.whatwhat34八、逻辑错误须关注八、逻辑错误须关注 与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误，如称谓上的张冠李戴。逻辑性错误，如称谓上的张冠李戴。高考链接：高考链接：But he said he could only give me half of the money.He should find the other half myself.高考链接：高考链接：:Some students may also save up for our college or future use.I their35常考的错误形式有：连词常考的错误形式有：连词but，and，or和和so的用的用法错误，以及冠词的用法错误等。法错误，以及冠词的用法错误等。高考链接：高考链接：ImeanttowritelongletterandtellyouallthethingsImdoingattheschoola 九、冠词、连词常光顾九、冠词、连词常光顾36分析：前后文是并列关系，分析：前后文是并列关系，用并列连词用并列连词and。Somefriendsofhisgotoseehimeveryday,theytakehim Lostofgoodbooksandfreshfruit.Imeanttogiveitbacktoyoubeforefourintheafternoon，andIwasholduponmywayback.(全国卷2)分析分析：前后文是转折关系，前后文是转折关系，用转折连词用转折连词but37高考链接：高考链接：Today I was having a PE lesson while I fell down and hurt my foot.高考链接：高考链接：She always made sure that our homework was finished on time,but she marked strictly on our actual performance.高考链接：高考链接：He thought the poor animal was injured,but the kind farmer took off his jacket and put on the animal.whenandso 38冗词的多用冗词的多用1.Two years later,he returned back home.2.It is about 200 miles far away from London.3.Many students feel it that a popular teacher must be kind and easy-going.394041解题原则一、错误以改动最少为原则一、错误以改动最少为原则二、虚词以添加或删除为原则二、虚词以添加或删除为原则三、实词以改变形式为原则三、实词以改变形式为原则四、原意以坚持不变为原则四、原意以坚持不变为原则42四不改：四不改：1.单词拼写不改单词拼写不改.2.大小写不改大小写不改.3.词序不改词序不改.4.标点符号不改标点符号不改.43 At Christmas Eve,Jim went with his father to choose a Christmas tree.They choose a big one.It was almost as taller as the room!They put them in the corner of the sitting room.Kate was covered it with a lot of Christmas light.The sitting room looked really beautifully at the moment.There was a fire burn in the fire place,and the Christmas tree lights were shinning brightly.Jim or his parents singing and dancing happily.高考英语短文改错模拟训练高考英语短文改错模拟训练Onchosetallitlightsbeautifulburningandwere44