课上用被动语态 Microsoft PowerPoint 演示文稿.ppt

(三三三三)被动语态常用的八种时态被动语态常用的八种时态被动语态常用的八种时态被动语态常用的八种时态1.一般现在时：一般现在时：People grow rice in the south of the country.Rice is grown in the south of the country.Rice is grown in the south of the country.The school doesnt allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.We We are are not not allowed allowed to to enter enter the the chemistry chemistry lab lab without without a a teacher.teacher.2.一般过去时：一般过去时：They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.The students didnt forget his lessons easily.His lessons were not easily forgotten.His lessons were not easily forgotten.3.一般将来时：一般将来时：They will send cars abroad by sea.Cars will be sent abroad by sea.Cars will be sent abroad by sea.They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers.Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.4.过去将来时：过去将来时：The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year.The The manager manager said said the the project project would would be be completed completed by by the the end of the year.end of the year.The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible.The The workers workers told told me me that that the the car car would would be be mended mended as as soon soon as possible.as possible.5.现在进行时：现在进行时：The radio is broadcasting English lessons.English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.We are painting the rooms.The rooms are being painted.The rooms are being painted.6.过去进行时：过去进行时：Why didnt they drive there on time?Because the workers were mending the road.Because the road was being mended.Because the road was being mended.This time last year we were planting trees here.Trees were being planted here this time last year.Trees were being planted here this time last year.7.现在完成时：现在完成时：Someone has told me the sports meet might be put off.the sports meet might be put off.I have been told the sports meet might be put off.I have been told the sports meet might be put off.We have brought down the price.The price has been brought down.The price has been brought down.8.过去完成时：过去完成时：When I got to the theatre,I found they they had had already already sold sold outout the tickets.the tickets.When When I I got got to to the the theatre,theatre,I I found found the the tickets tickets had had already already been sold out.been sold out.The whole country was very sad at the news of his death;People People had consideredhad considered him to be a great leader.him to be a great leader.He He had been consideredhad been considered to be a great leader.to be a great leader.9.含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态：含含有有情情态态动动词词的的被被动动语语态态是是由由“情情态态动动词词+be+及及物物动动词词的的过过去分词去分词”构成。构成。You must hand in your compositions after class.Your compositions Your compositions must be handed inmust be handed in after class.after class.He can write a great many letters with the computer.A great many letters A great many letters can be writtencan be written with the computer by with the computer by him.him.10.动词不定式的被动语态：to+be+过去分词 eg:1.He was told to be invited at a party.2.More trees need to be planted.3.The old man wanted to be looked after very well.注意：在主动句中see，watch，hear，make 等后+宾语+不带to的动词原形的结构变为被 动句时一律在它们的过去分词后，即：seen，watched，heard，made等后必需加上to,再加动词原形。eg.1.We hear birds sing every morning.Birds are heard to sing by us every morning.2.His father made him stay at home.He was made to stay at home by his father.3.She saw her son study in his own room.Her son was seen to study in his own room.注注注注意意意意：一一般般在在下下列列动动词词后后，常常在在主主动动句句中中的的直直接接宾宾语语变变为为被被动动句句中中的的主主语语后后，在在这这些些动词动词后加上介后加上介词词to，如：如：bring,give,hand,lend,offer,pass,pay,promise,sell,show,take,teach,tell 等。等。eg:1.主主动动句：句：The teacher showed the class the cup with mixture.=The teacher showed the cup with mixture to the class.被被动动句：句：The cup with mixture was showed to the class.2.主主动动句：句：I lent her my bike.=I lent my bike to her.被被动动句：句：My bike was lent to her.一一般般在在下下列列动动词词后后，常常在在主主动动句句中中的的直直接接宾宾语语变变为为被被动动句句中中的的主主语语后后,在在这这些些动动词词后加上介词后加上介词for，如：，如：build,buy,cook,cut,choose,do,fetch,find,fix,get,keep,make,order,paint,play,sing 等。等。eg:1.主主动动句：句：Mother made me a new skirt.=Mother made a new skirt for me.被被动动句：句：A new skirt was made for me.2.主主动动句：句：They cooked us the meat.=They cooked the meat for us.被被动动句：句：The meat was cooked for us.3.主主动动句：句：They played us some country music.=They played some country music for us.被被动动句：句：Some country music was played for us.有些既不用有些既不用to 也不用也不用for,根据动词与介词的搭配关系。根据动词与介词的搭配关系。主动句：主动句：People all over the world know the Great Wall.被动句：被动句：The Great Wall is known to people all over the world.(不用不用by短语短语)下列情况不用被动句：下列情况不用被动句：下列情况不用被动句：下列情况不用被动句：第第一一，感感官官系系动动词词一一般般用用主主动动形形式式表表示示被被动动意意义义，如如：feel，look,smell,seem,taste,sound,remain等。等。The cloth feels very soft.The food tastes delicious.It smells good.The pop music sounds beautiful.2.有有些些动动词词既既是是及及物物动动词词又又是是不不及及物物动动词词，当当它它们们和和well,badly,easily等等副副词词连连用用时时，表表示示主主语语内内在在品品质质或或性性能能，是是不不及及物物动动词词，用用主主动动表表示示被被动动，这这时时不不用用被被动动语语态态，常常见见的的有有：write,read,clean,sell,wash,cook 等。如：等。如：The cloth washes easily.这布很好洗。这布很好洗。The new product sells well.这新产品很畅销。这新产品很畅销。The pen writes smoothly.这支笔写字很流畅。这支笔写字很流畅。对比：对比：The books sell well.(主动句主动句)The books were sold out.(被动句被动句)The meat didnt cook well.(主动句主动句)The meat was cooked for a long time over low heat.(被动句被动句)3.一一些些不不及及物物动动词词短短语语没没有有被被动动语语态态，如如：happen,take place,break out,break down,belong to,come out,lose heart,rise,succeed,remain,lie等。等。eg:The accident happened on a cold winter morning.The fire broke out in the capital building.When we got to the top of the mountain,the sun had already risen.After the earthquake,few houses remained.These books came out in 1998.The machines have broken down.4.need+v.ing ，want+v.ing的形式表达了被动的含义。的形式表达了被动的含义。eg:This bike needs mending.=This bike needs to be mended.（注：在（注：在need+v.ing和和need to+v的形式中，的形式中，need为为 情态动词。）情态动词。）The patient wanted taking good care of.=The patient wanted to be taken good care of.5 5.谓谓 语语 是是 及及 物物 动动 词词 leave,enter,reach,suit,have,own等。如：等。如：eg:1.We are having a meeting now.错误：错误：A meeting is being had by us now.正确：正确：A meeting is being held by us now.2.He entered the room and got his book.错错误误：The room was entered and his book was got.5 5.在汉语中，有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可在汉语中，有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构来表示，例如：用被动结构来表示，例如：据说据说It is said that 据报导据报导It is reported that 据推测据推测It is supposed that 希望希望It is hoped that 众所周知众所周知 It is well known that 普遍认为普遍认为 It is generally considered that 有人建议有人建议 It is suggested that 1)It is reported that it is going to rain tomorrow.2)It is well known that Thomas Edison invented the electric lamp.3)It was said that 3)It was said that 3)It was said that 3)It was said that Mr.LiMr.LiMr.LiMr.Li s s s s brother had written a letter.brother had written a letter.brother had written a letter.brother had written a letter.1.We can repair this watch in two days.This watch can be repaired in two days.2.They should do it at once.It should be done at once 3.All the people laughed at him.He was laughed at by all people.4.They make the bikes in the factory.The bikes are made by them in the factory.5.He cut down a tree.A tree was cut down by him.6.Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.My bike is being repaired by Tom now.7.They are planting trees over there.Trees are being planted over there by them.8.There are two books to be read.There are two more trees to be planted.9.Bruce writes a letter every week.A letter is written by Bruce every week.10.Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.The broken bike was mended by Li Lei this morning.11.He has written two novels so far.Two novels have been written by him so far.12.They will plant ten trees tomorrow.Ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow.13.Lucy is writing a letter now.A letter is being written by Lucy now.14.You must lock the door when you leave.The door must be locked when you leave.5)Exercises:一.选择填空:1.Windows_ of glass.A.be made B.is made C.are made D.been madeB.2.The house_ in 2004.C.is built B.is building C.was built D.usedD.3.A coat can_ for keeping warm.E.be used B.is used C.been used D.usedCCA4.Watches_ Shanghai last long.A.are made in B.is made C.are made from D.made5.This desk is made _ wood.A.of B.from C.in D.by6.The things on show were _ the old days.A.used B.used to C.used for D.used in7.Silk _ in Hangzhou and Suzhou.A.is produced B.are produced C.produced D.is produces AADA 1.Our school _in 2002.(开办)2.The young trees must_well.(照顾)3._ this building_(建成)last year?4.The book _ _(写)by him last year.5.The bridge _ _(不建造)in1989.6.The 29th Olympic Games will_ _ (举行)in Beijing in 2008.was openedbe looked afterWas built was writtenwasnt builtbe held将下列句子由主动句变为被动句或由被动句变为主将下列句子由主动句变为被动句或由被动句变为主动句：动句：1)Zheng Jie invented this special pen.变被动句变被动句2)2)The bike was fixed up by Jimmy.变主动句变主动句3)People use sunglasses to protect their eyes.4)Teachers allow students to put up hands in class.This special pen was invented Zheng Jie.Jimmy fixed up the bikeSunglasses are used(by people)to protect eyes.Students are allowed(by teachers)toput up hands in class.用所给动词的正确形式填空：用所给动词的正确形式填空：1)The bike _(fix)up by Xiao Ming yesterday.2)Sunglasses _(use)for protecting peoples eyes.3)A picture _(put)up on the blackboard.4)French_(speak)in France.5)Teenagers should _(allow)to choose their own clothes.was fixedare usedis putis spokenbe allowed练习一 请把下列的主动句变为被动句（注意时态的一致）1 He wrote an article last week.An article was written by him last week.2 The people make history.History is made by people.3 Do people use Chinese only in China?Is Chinese used by people only in China?4 They didnt visit the city two years ago.The city wasnt visited by them two years ago.5 Where did you make them?Where were they made by you?一 用适当的形式填空 1 History is _ by the people.(make)2 He is often _ to do the work by the teacher.(ask)3 The book _ by him last year.(write)4 The radio _ last week.(mend)5 Some trees _ on the hill this spring.(plant)6 A new subway _(build)next year.7 She _(take)to the hospital already.8 Thousands of satellites _(send)up into the space so far.9 They said they _(invite)to the party already.10 The trains _(produce)in Zhuzhou.11 Young trees should _(water)often.madeaskedwas writtenwas mendedhave been plantedwill be builthas been takenhave been senthad been invitedare producedbe wateredMultiple Choice:1.()If the work _,you can go and play games.A.finished B.has finished C.will be finished D.is finished 2.()It was raining heavily outside,the children were made _ in the classroom.4.()To make our city more beautiful,rubbish _ into the river.A.neednt be thrown B.mustnt be thrown C.cant throw D.may not throw5.()I like my bike.It _ very well.A.rides B.is riding C.is ridden D.has riddenDBBA 3.()Kate _ the letter before her mother came into her bedroom.A.has written B.was written C.had written D.is writing A.stay B.to stay C.staying D.stayedC6.()I wont come to the party unless Tom _,too.You mean if Tom comes,youll come.8.()The children must _.9.()The woman still doesnt know what _ in her hometown DDBA.will invite B.invites C.invited D.is invited7.()Everyone who heard Mr.Greens story _ it.A.laughed at B.was laughed C.laughed D.was laughed atAA.happens B.happened C.will happen D.was happened while she was away.A.look after B.be taken good care C.look the same D.be taken good care of10.()I saw you were on foot this morning.Yes.My bike _.A.is mending B.is being mended C.is mended D.is being mendingB 由 不及物动词+介词或副词构成的被动语态主动句 主语+不及物动词+介词+宾语被动句 主语(原宾语)+be+介词+by +原主语之宾格She looks after her grandmother.(主动句)Her grandmother is looked after by her.被动句)My friends laughed at me all the time.(主动句)I was laughed at by my friends all the time.(主动句)注:介词不能省略 =及物动词其他:1.I often hear him sing songs in the next room.He is often heard to sing in the next room.2.The boss makes the workers work fifteen hours a day.The workers are made to work fifteen hours a day.1.Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.2.The manager has not signed the papers.The papers have not been signed by the manager.主 +谓 +宾3.I posted that letter last night.That letter was posted last night.4.They know that he is an expert.It is known that he is an expert.有时by可以省略.主 +谓 +宾 +宾1.He told her a long story.She was told a long story.A long story was told to her.2.Mother bought me a new coat.I was bought a new coat.A new coat was bought for me.练习：请把下列主动句变为被动句1 The woman asked the policeman for help.2 The old man on TV tells a story on Sunday.3 Do they use the box as a table?4 She sent me a collection last week.5 The teacher doesnt teach us math this term.6 Did Lily buy her sister a hat?7 We often hear him play the violin at home.8The lazy boy didnt wash clothes yesterday.9Students listen to the kind teacher carefully.1010 When did your father took you to the park .