九年级英语下册 Module 4 Rules and suggestions 情态动词复习课件 (新版)外研版.ppt
情态动词复习1.must1)表示必须、必要。是说话人的主观看法Youmustcomeintime.在回答引出的问句时,如果是否定的,不能用mustnt(禁止,不准),而用neednt,donthaveto(不必).-Mustwehandinourexercisebookstoday?-Yes,youmust.-No,youdonthaveto/youneednt.1.must2)表示推测、可能性(只用于肯定的陈述句)1YoureTomsgoodfriend,soyoumustknowwhathelikesbest.2Yourmothermustbewaitingforyounow.Mightandmay1)表示请求和允许。might比may语气更委婉,而不是过去式否定回答时可用cant或mustnt,表示“不可以,禁止”。-Might/MayIsmokeinthisroom?-No,youmustnt.-May/MightItakethisbookoutoftheroom?-Yes,youcan.(No,youcant/mustnt.)用MayI.?征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气,而用CanI.?在口语中更常见。2)用于祈使句,表示祝愿。Mayyousucceed!3)表示推测、可能性(不用于疑问句)。might不是过去式,它所表示的可能性比may小。1Hemay/mightbeverybusynow.2Yourmothermay/mightnotknowthetruth.三、can,could1)表示能力(体力、知识、技能)。Canyouliftthisheavybox?(体力)Marycanspeakthreelanguages.(知识)Canyouskate?(技能)此时可用beableto代替。Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式;而beableto则有更多的时态。Illnotbeabletocomethisafternoon.当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用beableto,不能用Can。如:Hewasabletogotothepartyyesterdayeveninginspiteoftheheavyrain.2)表示请求和允许。-CanIgonow?-Yes,youcan./No,youcant.此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could,might代替,不是过去式,只是语气更委婉,不能用于肯定句和答语中。-CouldIcometoseeyoutomorrow?-Yes,youcan.(No,Imafraidnot.)3)表推测可能性。肯定句中:can表示理论上的可能性;may表示事实上的可能性,如:InYuyao,sometimesitcanbereallycold.Tommaygocampingwithustomorrow,butheisnotsure.否定句和疑问句中,只能用can表猜测可能性。Someoneisknockingatthedoor,andwhocanitbe?ItcantbeTombecausehehasgonetoBeijing.四、shall1)shall用于第一人称,征求对方的意见。Whatshallwedothisevening?shallIcleantheroomforyou?2)shall用于第二、三人称,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。1.Youshallfailifyoudontworkhard.(警告)2.HeshallhavethebookwhenIfinishit.(允诺)3.Heshallbepunished.(威胁)五.should1)表示“应该”,常用来表示劝告、建议;认为“某人应该做某事”或“有义务责任做某事”。We should obey traffic laws.You shouldnt watch TV every day。You shouldnt have made this kind of silly mistakes.Tom should have brought his report today.这时它可以和这时它可以和 ought to,be supposed to 互互换使用换使用2)Should(oughtto)表示推测时,是指有一定根据的推测,意为“可能、该”-WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrow,-They_bereadyby12:003.表示惊讶的语气Youcanneverimaginesuchagentlemanshouldbesorudetoalady.六:will和would1)表示意志或意愿:决心,愿意,Wewilldoourbesttosavethechild.我们会尽力抢救这个孩子。Itoldhertostopcrying,butshejustwouldntlisten.我叫她别哭,可她就是不愿听。2)表示请求、建议或征求对方意见时,用Wouldyou?比用Willyou?更婉转。如:Will/Wouldyoupleasekeepthedooropen?请让门开着好吗?Will/Wouldyougowithme?你愿意和我一起去吗?相关情态动词wouldlike表示愿意Iwouldliketohaveawordwithyou.我想同你说句话。wouldratherthan宁愿也不愿Iwouldratherfailthancheatintheexamination.我宁愿考不及格,也不愿意考试作弊。七。need1need作情态动词无人称或数的变化,后接动词原形,多用于否定句和疑问句中。如:Youneedntworry.你不必担心Ineednthavebroughttheraincoatwithmeinsuchasunnydayyesterday.2由need引出的一般疑问句,肯定回答常用must或haveto;否定答语常用neednt.如:NeedIanswerthequestion?我需要回答那个问题吗?Yes,youmust.-Yes,youhaveto.是的,你必须回答。-No,youneednt./youdonthaveto不,不必了。由must引出的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定答语用neednt或donthaveto。如:MustIdotheworknow?我必须现在干这个活吗?Yes,youmust/haveto.-No,youneednt/donthaveto.Need做行为动词NeedsthNeedtodosthNeeddoing=needtobedone表被动否定:dontneed八:dare敢通常用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中Dareyouaskhim?你敢问他吗?Shedarenotgooutalone.她不敢单独出去。Idontknowwhetherhedaretry.我不知道他敢不敢试。注意:1.有过去式dared。如:Noonedaredspeakofit.没有人敢提及此事。2.Howdareyou/he/she/they?表示说话人对某人的行为表示愤慨。如:Howdareyouaskmesuchaquestion?你怎敢问我这样的问题?3.Idaresay表示“我相信,我认为,可能”。如:Idaresayyouareright.我认为你是对的作行为动词:可用于各种句子中;在疑问句或否定句中,to经常被省略。如Didanyonedare(to)admitit?有人敢于承认吗?Hedidnotdare(to)leavehiscarthere.他不敢把车停放在那里。IfhedarestoshowupatherhouseIllbesurprised.如果他敢出现在她的房子里,我会感到吃惊。注意点一:表推测可能性:must,can,may,might,cant,couldnt-Iheardtheywentskiinginthemountainslastwinter.-it_truebecausetherewaslittlesnowwhere.二、表推测的用法1.musthavedone过去肯定做了某事Sincetheroadiswet,itmusthaverainedlastnight.不存在mustnthavedone的形式。其否定或疑问形式须用can(could)来表示.例如:Hecanthavemissedtheway.Idrewhimamap.“Thedictionaryhasdisappeared.Whocouldhavetakenit?”may/mighthavedoneIcantfindmykeys.Imay/mighthaveleftthemattheschoolyesterday.我找不到我的钥匙了。我可能昨天把他们落在学校了。Johnmay/mightnothavepassedtheexam;helooksverysad.约翰可能没有通过考试。他看起来很忧伤。3.can/couldhavedone表推测一般用在否定句和疑问句中,表示不相信或怀疑的态度。Can/Couldhehavepassedtheexam?他可能通过了考试吗?Ithinkthathecouldnt/canthavegoneabroad.Isawhimjustnow.我认为他不可能出国了。我刚才还看见他了。