2020年北京卷七选五讲义-高三英语三轮复习.docx

2020年北京卷七选五 讲义-高三英语三轮复习2020年北京卷七选五Many people think that positive thinking is mostly about keeping ones head in the sand and ignoring daily problems, trying to look optimistic. In reality it has more to do with the way an individual talks to himself. Self-talk is a constant stream of thoughts of a person, who is often unaware and uncertain of some events, phenomena, people, or even the person himself. (46) _ Meanwhile, positive thinking can help to stop negative self-talks and start to form a positive view on an issue. People who regularly practise positive thinking tend to solve problems more effectively. They are less exposed to stress caused by external factors. They tend to believe in themselves and in what they do. (47) _ People who think positively demonstrate increased life span (寿命), lower rates of depression and anxiety, better physical and psychological health, reduced risks of death from heart problems. Positive thinking also contributes to ones ability to deal with problems and hardships. (48) _ For example, researchers have found that in the case of a crisis accompanied by strong emotions, such as a natural disaster, positive thinking can provide a sort of buffer (缓冲作用) against depression and anxiety. Resilient (适应性强的) people who think positively tend to treat every problem as a challenge, a chance for improvement of any kind, or as an opportunity for personal growth. Pessimists, on the contrary, tend to perceive problems as a source of additional stress. (49) _In conclusion, positive thinking is a powerful and effective tool for dealing with hard times and improving the quality of ones life. It doesnt have anything to do with ignorant optimism when an individual refuses to notice a problem. (50) _ Thinking in a positive, self-encouraging way brings about many benefits to ones physical and mental health.A. It doesnt cause any severe emotional discomfort, either.B. Negative self-talk damages self-confidence and decreases self-respect.C. It helps one to remain clear-headed and confident in difficult situations.D. Positive thinking has several beneficial effects on the body and the mind.E. As thinking changes, an individuals behavior and habits change as well.F. They often offer a real alternative to the common and regular way of thinking.G. They often feel discouraged long before trying to solve the problem, even if small.题目分析 “春有百花秋有月，夏有凉风冬有雪。若无闲事挂心头，便是人生好时节。”第一次读到慧开祖师的这首偈诗，是在林清玄先生的某本书里。那个时候林先生的散文还没有被语文教材各种选用，偶然得知其人其文，还是被书摊上一本温一壶月光下酒的书名吸引，短短七个字，诗意禅意侠意纵横。细细品读过后，林先生的文字就成了我的心头好。林先生的文字清澈澄净、温婉细腻，却又蕴含着无限的力量，那可能就是他笔下柔软的力量“那最美的花瓣是柔软的，那最绿的草原是柔软的，那最广大的海是柔软的，那无边的天空是柔软的，那在天空自在飞翔的云，最是柔软！我们心的柔软，可以比花瓣更美，比草更绿，比海洋更广，比天空更无边，比云还要自在，柔软是最有力量，也是最恒常的。”在林先生的书中，内心的力量随处可见。他说，明天太阳依旧会升起，你的喜怒哀乐，应该掌控在自己手中才是。他又说，你的环境并不能决定你的未来，你的过程也不能决定你的未来，而是你的心的向往决定了你的未来。哪怕是在辞世前的最后一条微博，他说的还是：这就是positive thinking。2019年1月22日夜，林清玄先生与世长辞，享年65岁。46题 连词逻辑关系成立，相邻句内容对应解题的关键依据在于空格后面的逻辑关系词“Meanwhile 与此同时、相比之下”，如果前后是两个具体动作，那么就是同时发生，如果前后是两种状态描述，那就可能是在进行对比。这里后面写到的是“positive thinking can ”，属于状态描述，那么能够和“积极思考”形成对比的，当然是“negative thinking 消极思考”，选项中唯一符合要求的只有B选项。另外，空格前面的句子写到的是“self-talk 自我对话”，然后B选项写到“Negative self-talk”，空格后面写到“stop negative self-talks”，三句话的核心内容是完全对应的。有些同学可能在这道题纠结D选项，但是看过47题应该就不用纠结了。47题 段首句对段落内容的概括作用作为段首句，要对整段话的内容形成概括的作用。只要大概看过前两句，就能看出来这段话讲的肯定是“积极思考的好处”，合格的选项只有D选项。同时要求每个同学必须具备的能力，就是看到D选项这样的语句要立刻意识到，这是个总括句，肯定要出现在段首的位置。“积极思考对身体和内心都有好处”，随后就应该具体展开“对身体和内心到底有什么具体的好处”了。48题 相邻句内容对应，例子与例子服务的主题内容密切相关空格前面的语句重点内容是“deal with problems and hardships 处理问题和困难”。空格后面再次出现例子的标志“For example”，那么例子的内容一定要和空格里的语句密切相关，而例子里再次看到的仍然是“crisis 危机”和“natural disaster 自然灾害”，同样属于“hardship 困难、苦难”。结合空格前后句的内容考虑，48题肯定也要选择和“困难”相关的内容，有且只有C选项“difficult situations”满足要求。49题 相邻句内容对应，正负态度保持一致相邻句写到的是“Pessimists 悲观主义者”的观点，那么49题的内容一定应该和“悲观”有关联。另外，空格前面的句子是整体的负态度，所以49题的感情色彩也要保持一致。能同时满足以上两个条件的只有G选项，“试图解决问题之前就灰心丧气”，这也是除了B选项以外唯一的负态度选项。50题 相同句式的并列关系剩下的选项只有AEF三个选项了。E选项里提到的“behaviour and habits 行为和习惯”与前后文内容没有任何对应，F选项的代词They在前面的句子里没有指代对象，所以50题能选择的只有A选项。A选项的句式是“It doesnt , either 它也不会”，与前面的句子“It doesnt 它不会”是完全相同的句式。前面的句子“与无知的乐观主义无关”是正态度，A选项“不会造成情绪不适”也是正态度。所以either的并列关系成立。未选择的选项 E、FE选项的“改变行为和习惯”与文章任何一个空格相邻句都没有内容对应。F选项里提到“为普通常规的思考方式提供替代”，那就是“让思考方式变得不普通不常规”，对应的应该是“有创造力的、有开拓性的、另辟蹊径的”这样的内容，与文章主题完全没有关系。2020年北京高考因为疫情延期了一个月，而且疫情对人们生活的影响才刚刚开始。命题者通过这样一篇题目告诉学生要positive thinking，这就是高考命题的人文关怀。全文翻译Many people think that positive thinking is mostly about keeping ones head in the sand and ignoring daily problems, trying to look optimistic. In reality it has more to do with the way an individual talks to himself. Self-talk is a constant stream of thoughts of a person, who is often unaware and uncertain of some events, phenomena, people, or even the person himself. Negative self-talk damages self-confidence and decreases self-respect. Meanwhile, positive thinking can help to stop negative self-talks and start to form a positive view on an issue. People who regularly practise positive thinking tend to solve problems more effectively. They are less exposed to stress caused by external factors. They tend to believe in themselves and in what they do.许多人认为，积极思考就是把头埋在沙子里，对日常问题视而不见，试图看上去很乐观。实际上，它更多地与一个人和自己对话的方式有关。自我对话是一个人不间断的思绪，他往往对某些事件、现象、人，甚至是自己都没有意识，也不确定。消极的自我对话会损害自信心，降低自尊心。相比之下，积极思考可以帮助停止消极的自我对话，开始对某个问题形成积极的看法。经常练习积极思考的人往往能更有效地解决问题。他们受到外部因素引起的压力较小。他们倾向于相信自己，相信自己所做的事情。Positive thinking has several beneficial effects on the body and the mind. People who think positively demonstrate increased life span, lower rates of depression and anxiety, better physical and psychological health, reduced risks of death from heart problems. Positive thinking also contributes to ones ability to deal with problems and hardships. It helps one to remain clear-headed and confident in difficult situations. For example, researchers have found that in the case of a crisis accompanied by strong emotions, such as a natural disaster, positive thinking can provide a sort of buffer against depression and anxiety. Resilient people who think positively tend to treat every problem as a challenge, a chance for improvement of any kind, or as an opportunity for personal growth. Pessimists, on the contrary, tend to perceive problems as a source of additional stress. They often feel discouraged long before trying to solve the problem, even if small.积极思考对身体和内心都有有益的影响。积极思考的人寿命更长，抑郁和焦虑的比率更低，身体和心理健康更好，因心脏问题死亡的风险也更低。积极思考也有助于提高一个人处理问题和困难的能力。它能帮助一个人在困难的情况下保持清醒的头脑和自信。例如，研究人员发现，在伴随着强烈情绪的危机情况下，比如自然灾害，积极思考可以提供一种缓冲作用，防止抑郁和焦虑。适应性强的人倾向于把每个问题都当作一个挑战、一个改进的机会，或者一个自我成长的机会。悲观主义者则相反，他们倾向于将问题视为额外压力的来源。他们往往在试图解决问题之前就已经灰心丧气了，即使是小问题。In conclusion, positive thinking is a powerful and effective tool for dealing with hard times and improving the quality of ones life. It doesnt have anything to do with ignorant optimism when an individual refuses to notice a problem. It doesnt cause any severe emotional discomfort, either. Thinking in a positive, self-encouraging way brings about many benefits to ones physical and mental health.总之，积极思考是一种强大且有效的工具，用于应对困难时期和改善个人生活质量。它和拒绝注意到问题的无知的乐观主义没有任何关系。它也不会造成任何严重的情绪不适。以一种积极的、自我鼓励的方式进行思考，会给一个人的身心健康带来许多好处。选项翻译A. It doesnt cause any severe emotional discomfort, either.B. Negative self-talk damages self-confidence and decreases self-respect.C. It helps one to remain clear-headed and confident in difficult situations.D. Positive thinking has several beneficial effects on the body and the mind.E. As thinking changes, an individuals behaviour and habits change as well.F. They often offer a real alternative to the common and regular way of thinking.G. They often feel discouraged long before trying to solve the problem, even if small.A. 它也不会造成任何严重的情绪不适。B. 消极的自我对话会损害自信心，降低自尊心。C. 它能帮助一个人在困难的情况下保持清醒的头脑和自信。D. 积极思考对身体和内心都有有益的影响。E. 随着思维的改变，一个人的行为和习惯也会随之改变。F. 它们常常为普通和常规的思维方式提供了真正的替代方案。G. 他们往往在试图解决问题之前就已经灰心丧气了，即使是小问题。学科网（北京）股份有限公司