2022年GSMBSS信令消息诠释-释放流程.doc
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2022年GSMBSS信令消息诠释-释放流程.doc
GSM BSS信令音讯诠释释放流程GSM信令音讯诠释释放流程目录目录11.概述32.正常释放流程33.1信令流程33.2信令流程详解43.本地释放流程103.1信令流程103.2信令流程详解11附件112附录224GSM BSS信令音讯诠释释放流程骆瑛(162429)关键词:释放 协议 信令摘 要:本文内容是继GSM BSS信令音讯诠释之-位置更新后的以释放为例,结合相关的协议,从字节级深化解读每条信令里的核心字段,从而理解每条信令的功能和作用,进而理解整个流程的意义。参考材料清单:0408协议0808协议0858协议BSS信令与接口分析根底M900M1800 BSS 信令分析手册1. 概述常见的释放流程有两种:正常释放和本地释放。l 正常释放是指该释放流程由MS或MSC发起。l 本地释放是指由BSC发起的释放流程。相比建立流程,即先建物理层通路,然后建层2链路再建层3链路,释放流程是相反的,即先释放层3链路,再释放层2链路,最后释放物理层。2. 正常释放流程正常释放是指该释放流程由MS或MSC发起,主叫挂机触发MS向MSC发出Disconnect音讯,相应的MSC会向被叫MS发Disconnect音讯。3.1 信令流程MS在正常接入以后,假如由于业务需求(如用户挂机),能够主动发起释放,其流程如图1所示。图 1 MS发起的释放流程3.2 信令流程详解(1). Disconnect通话完毕,主叫方挂机,主叫MS给MSC发送Disconnect音讯,主要包括了cause字段,指示了拆线的缘故;另外还有Transaction identifier字段。Transaction Identifier对属于CC(Call Control)和SS(Supplementary Service)音讯,用一个字节的第5到8比特来表示Transaction identifier。它是用来唯一区别事务(Transaction)的,因而叫做Transaction Identifier(TI)。对一个给定PD和SAP的音讯流来说,能够用TI来区别16种不同的双向的(bi-directional)音讯流,我们称这个音讯流为事务。TI的构造如下:事务是动态生成的,对应的TI值也是在生命周期里被分配,TI值是由触发一个事件的某一个接口的一侧(BSC或MSC)来分配的,当该事务完毕时,对应的TI值就会被释放并被重新分配给后来的事务。当某个接口上的不同侧分别触发了一个事务,则需要用两个不同的TI来区别开,这时就用TI flag来表示:The message is sent from the side that originates the TI :0表示本音讯的是从触发该事务的一侧发送出来的,1表示本音讯是被发送到触发该事务的一侧去的。 因而TI flag是唯一标识是谁给本领务分配该TI值,其唯一的作用确实是用来防止同时分配一个一样的TI值时的冲突。详细请参见协议 GSM 04.07。因而TI flag=0,说明本条音讯是由BSC发出来的,TI值为0。CauseCause的构造如下图本音讯cause字段为Coding Standard协议对Coding Standard的定义如下,目前该字段都是11,也确实是GSM PLMN定义的标准,详细请参见附件1。当本字段为11时,本音讯就不没有“Recommendation”字段了。 Location协议对location字段的定义如下,0000表示是挪动用户而非网络触发的该释放流程。Cause Value对应第4个字节是Cause value,比特8固定为1,比特57的值定义如下表,本音讯是001:正常事件;比特14表示分属于下面不同类别更细致的缘故,本音讯是0000,也确实是比特17为001000,对应的缘故值为“Normal call clearing”,详细请参见附件1。(2). ReleaseMSC向MS发送Release音讯(同时MSC会给对应的被叫下发Disconnect音讯)。该音讯的内容跟disconnect音讯里的内容几乎完全一样。不同点如下:从音讯头里能看到该音讯是DTAP音讯,DLCI值为0,DTAP长度为6,PD为0011,即属于CC音讯。由于协议定义PD为(3). Release CompleteMS收到Release音讯后,向MSC回Release Complete音讯。本音讯根本没有携带任何重要的内容,只说明本音讯是MS向网络侧发起的RELEASE COMPLETE音讯,通过(1)(3)这三条音讯,MSC和之间的CC资源(呼叫操纵治理的相关资源)就释放完了。应用层主要有CC、MM、RR,这里释放的是CC的资源,也确实是说,首先释放的是呼叫操纵治理层的资源。(4). Clear Command当和MSC之间的高层资源释放完了以后,那么MSC它就会下发一个clear command音讯通知BSC释放占用的A接口资源和Um接口资源。Clear Command包括两部分内容:layer3 header information和Cause,层3音讯和缘故。层3头信息包括PD和TI两部分,见前面disconnect音讯里的相关说明。从PD能够看出,Clear Command属于无线资源治理音讯(rr-management-Protocol-Discriminator:0x6(6)。对缘故,协议0808_4C1的3.2.1.21规定典型缘故值如下:call control,O and M intervention,equipment failure,handover successful,protocol error between BSS and MSC.Cause value的bit5bit7为000,即Normal event,见下表所示,bit1bit4为1001,对应协议定义为Call control,见附录2.也确实是说本条音讯触发的缘故是由于系统间(interworking)的呼叫操纵(cc)而触发的。(5). Channel ReleaseBSC向MS下发Channel Release音讯,要求MS和BTS释放Um接口逻辑信道,包括了RR cause字段。这条音讯是由BTS透传的,它用于释放中RR层的相关资源。(6). DISC(Disconnect)帧MS收到Channel Release音讯后,撤除上行信令链路,然后向BTS发DISC帧,表示已释放逻辑信道。(7). UA(Unnumbered Acknowledgement)帧BTS向MS发UA帧确认;MS收到UA帧后,返回CCCH信道进入空闲状态。留意:Disconnect和UA是层二的音讯,用于释放和基站之间层二的链路资源。(8). Deactivate SACCHBSC向BTS发Deactivate SACCH音讯,这条音讯是用于释放BTS中的SACCH逻辑信道的,同时,也释放与SACCH相关的TCH信道的。(9). Release IndicationBTS在收到MS的DISC帧,向BSC回Release Indication音讯,说明MS已经释放了Um接口的逻辑信道。通过Deactivate SACCH和Release Indication,层二被释放。主叫流程:时隙号6的TCH/F(bm-acch,即Bm + FACCH + SACCH,是指TCH/F),而通过channel type看出,可用做FACCH或SDCCH,由于如今实际占用的是TCH,因而只能是FACCH而非SDCCH,也确实是说本Release Indication是在TCH上传输的,但这时是通过偷帧用做FACCH,这也确实是为什么说释放是占用的FACCH的缘故。在这里做个比照:假如是位置更新的释放指示的话,如下,也确实是释放的是SDCCH,从link identifier的channel type: facch or sdcch看出,本信道是SDCCH而非FACCH。对位置更新:(10). RF Channel ReleaseBSC向BTS发RF Channel Release音讯,这是要释放BTS中相关的射频资源。对主叫流程:对位置更新:(11). RF Channel Release AcknowledgeBTS释放完成以后,会响应一个RF Channel Release Acknowledge,如此相关的资源就全部释放完了,该信道资源已空闲可用于再分配。通过RF Channel Release和RF Channel Release Acknowledge,底层的物理层就被完全释放了。对主叫流程:对位置更新:(12). Clear CompleteBSC向MSC回Clear Complete音讯。从信令里看到:该音讯属于BSSMAP协议层音讯,是release 音讯里的Clear complete音讯,(13). RLSDMSC向BSC发RLSD音讯,释放SCCP链接。(14). RLSD CompleteBSC向MSC回RLSD Complete音讯,表示已释放SCCP链接。 留意:RLSD和RLSD Complete是层二的音讯,用于释放A口层二的SCCP连路,对应A口层二建立SCCP连路的CC和CR。补充说明:1). 描绘的是MS发起的释放过程,关于网络侧发起的释放流程,除这三条透明传输音讯的方向相反之外,其余音讯是一样的。2).(1)(3)为呼叫连接释放,属于CC层。(4)(14)为无线资源释放,属于RR层。3).在CC层和MM层的连接释放完毕后,网络将向BSC发出Clear Command 音讯来恳求释放SCCP信令链路。在该音讯中携带此次呼叫去除的缘故,如“Handover Successful”或“Call Control”等。4)掉话时的信令流程(见下列图):Ø 呼叫发生异常,如由于Um接口音讯失败、无线链路失败或因设备毛病等导致的释放,则是由BSC向系统发出Clear Request音讯申请拆线,然后MSC下发Clear Command音讯,BSC再回Clear Complete确认。BSC向MSC发送Clear Request音讯时,统计为掉话。Ø 当BSC收到MSC发送的Clear Command音讯,假如去除命令中的缘故不是“Call control”,也不是“Handover successful”,而且,BSC在收到Clear Command之前没有发送过Clear Request音讯,则统计为掉话。3. 本地释放流程3.1 信令流程在正常呼叫流程中Assignment Complete之后,BSC会启动对信令信道的本地释放流程。同样在切换完成后,BSC也会启动对旧信道的本地释放流程。其流程如0。图 2 BSC本地释放流程3.2 信令流程详解(1). Deactivate SACCH跟正常释放流程一样,BSC向BTS发Deactivate SACCH音讯,这条音讯是用于释放BTS中的SACCH逻辑信道的,同时,也释放与SACCH相关的TCH信道的。(2). Release RequestBSC向BTS发Release Request音讯所带的缘故值为Local End Release。如今的释放过程与MS无关。本音讯有1个比特位为Release Mode:0为正常释放;1为本地释放。此外,还携带了恳求释放的信道的时隙号和类型。(3). Release ConfirmBTS收到Release Request音讯缘故为Local End Release后,给BSC回Release Confirm音讯,用于确认Release Request恳求的时隙和信道已经完全被释放了。假设BSC下发的Release Request音讯带有其它缘故值(也确实是正常释放的缘故值)时,则BTS应向MS下发DISC帧,等收到MS上报的UA(或DM帧)后,才向BSC上报Release Confirm音讯。(4). RF Channel ReleaseBSC向BTS发RF Channel Release音讯。(5). Channel Release AcknowledgeBTS向BSC发RF Channel Release Acknowledge音讯。在我们实际的维护过程中,通常我们比拟少地去分析本地端的释放流程,由于这个释放流程是在BSC内部固定完成的,做得比拟完善的,通常不会出现什么咨询题。附件1摘自协议040810.4Message TypeThe message type IE and its use are defined in GSM 04.07. Tables 10.3/GSM 04.08, 10.4/GSM 04.08, and 10.5/GSM 04.08 define the value part of the message type IE used in the Radio Resource management protocol, the Mobility Management protocol, and the Call Control protocol.Table 10.1/GSM 04.08 (page 1 of 2): Message types for Radio Resource management 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 1 1 1 - - - Channel establishment messages: 0 1 1 - ADDITIONAL ASSIGNMENT 1 1 1 - IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT 0 0 1 - IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT EXTENDED 0 1 0 - IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT REJECT 0 0 1 1 0 - - - Ciphering messages: 1 0 1 - CIPHERING MODE COMMAND 0 1 0 - CIPHERING MODE COMPLETE 0 0 1 1 0 - - - Configuration change messages: 0 0 0 - CONFIGURATION CHANGE COMMAND 0 0 1 - CONFIGURATION CHANGE ACK. 0 1 1 - CONFIGURATION CHANGE REJECT 0 0 1 0 1 - - - Handover messages: 1 1 0 - ASSIGNMENT COMMAND 0 0 1 - ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE 1 1 1 - ASSIGNMENT FAILURE 0 1 1 - HANDOVER COMMAND 1 0 0 - HANDOVER COMPLETE 0 0 0 - HANDOVER FAILURE 1 0 1 - PHYSICAL INFORMATION 0 0 0 0 1 - - - Channel release messages: 1 0 1 - CHANNEL RELEASE 0 1 0 - PARTIAL RELEASE 1 1 1 - PARTIAL RELEASE COMPLETE 0 0 1 0 0 - - - Paging and Notification messages: 0 0 1 - PAGING REQUEST TYPE 1 0 1 0 - PAGING REQUEST TYPE 2 1 0 0 - PAGING REQUEST TYPE 3 1 1 1 - PAGING RESPONSE 0 0 0 - NOTIFICATION/NCH 1 0 1 - NOTIFICATION/FACCH 1 1 0 - Reserved (see NOTE) 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 - NOTIFICATION RESPONSE (continued.)NOTE:This value was allocated but never used in earlier phases of the protocol.Table 10.1/GSM 04.08 (page 2 of 2): Message types for Radio Resource management 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0 1 1 - - - System information messages: 0 0 0 - SYSTEM INFORMATION TYPE 8 0 0 1 - SYSTEM INFORMATION TYPE 1 0 1 0 - SYSTEM INFORMATION TYPE 2 0 1 1 - SYSTEM INFORMATION TYPE 3 1 0 0 - SYSTEM INFORMATION TYPE 4 1 0 1 - SYSTEM INFORMATION TYPE 5 1 1 0 - SYSTEM INFORMATION TYPE 6 1 1 1 - SYSTEM INFORMATION TYPE 7 0 0 0 0 0 - - - System information messages: 0 1 0 - SYSTEM INFORMATION TYPE 2bis 0 1 1 - SYSTEM INFORMATION TYPE 2ter 1 0 1 - SYSTEM INFORMATION TYPE 5bis 1 1 0 - SYSTEM INFORMATION TYPE 5ter 1 0 0 - SYSTEM INFORMATION TYPE 9 0 0 0 1 0 - - - Miscellaneous messages: 0 0 0 - CHANNEL MODE MODIFY 0 1 0 - RR STATUS 1 1 1 - CHANNEL MODE MODIFY ACKNOWLEDGE 1 0 0 - FREQUENCY REDEFINITION 1 0 1 - MEASUREMENT REPORT 1 1 0 - CLASSMARK CHANGE 0 1 1 - CLASSMARK ENQUIRY 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 - EXTENDED MEASUREMENT REPORT 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 - EXTENDED MEASUREMENT ORDER VGCS uplink control messages: 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 - VGCS UPLINK GRANT 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 - UPLINK RELEASE 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 - UPLINK FREE 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 - UPLINK BUSY 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 - TALKER INDICATION Bit 8 is reserved for possible future use as an extension bit, see GSM 04.07.Table 10.1a/GSM 04.08: Message types for Radio Resource management messages using the RR short protocol discriminator 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 SYSTEM INFORMATION TYPE 10 0 0 0 0 1 NOTIFICATION/FACCH 0 0 0 1 0 UPLINK FREE Table 10.2/GSM 04.08: Message types for Mobility Management 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 x 0 0 - - - - Registration messages: 0 0 0 1 - IMSI DETACH INDICATION 0 0 1 0 - LOCATION UPDATING ACCEPT 0 1 0 0 - LOCATION UPDATING REJECT 1 0 0 0 - LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST 0 x 0 1 - - - - Security messages: 0 0 0 1 - AUTHENTICATION REJECT 0 0 1 0 - AUTHENTICATION REQUEST 0 1 0 0 - AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE 1 0 0 0 - IDENTITY REQUEST 1 0 0 1 - IDENTITY RESPONSE 1 0 1 0 - TMSI REALLOCATION COMMAND 1 0 1 1 - TMSI REALLOCATION COMPLETE 0 x 1 0 - - - - Connection management messages: 0 0 0 1 - CM SERVICE ACCEPT 0 0 1 0 - CM SERVICE REJECT 0 0 1 1 - CM SERVICE ABORT 0 1 0 0 - CM SERVICE REQUEST 0 1 0 1 - CM SERVICE PROMPT 1 0 0 0 - CM RE-ESTABLISHMENT REQUEST 1 0 0 1 - ABORT 0 x 1 1 - - - - Miscellaneous messages: 0 0 0 0 - MM NULL 0 0 0 1 - MM STATUS 0 0 1 0 - MM INFORMATION Bit 8 is reserved for possible future use as an extension bit, see GSM 04.07.Bit 7 is reserved for the send sequence number in messages sent from the mobile station. In messages sent from the network, bit 7 is coded with a "0". See GSM 04.07.Table 10.3/GSM 04.08: Message types for Call Control and call related SS messages 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 0 escape to nationally specific message types ; see 1) below 0 x 0 0 - - - - Call establishment messages: 0 0 0 1 - ALERTING 1 0 0 0 - CALL CONFIRMED 0 0 1 0 - CALL PROCEEDING 0 1 1 1 - CONNECT 1 1 1 1 - CONNECT ACKNOWLEDGE 1 1 1 0 - EMERGENCY SETUP 0 0 1 1 - PROGRESS 0 1 0 0 - CC-ESTABLISHMENT 0 1 1 0 - CC-ESTABLISHMENT CONFIRMED 1 0 1 1 - RECALL 1 0 0 1 - START CC 0 1 0 1 - SETUP 0 x 0 1 - - - - Call information phase messages: 0 1 1 1 - MODIFY 1 1 1 1 - MODIFY COMPLETE 0 0 1 1 - MODIFY REJECT 0 0 0 0 - USER INFORMATION 1 0 0 0 - HOLD 1 0 0 1 - HOLD ACKNOWLEDGE 1 0 1 0 - HOLD REJEC