黑龙江省大庆市东风中学2020～2021学年高一英语上学期期末教学质量检测试题【含答案】.docx

黑龙江省大庆市东风中学2020-2021学年高一英语上学期期末教学质量检测试题第I卷（填空题30分选择题70分共100分）第一部分：单句语法填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）用所给词的正确形式填空（最多三个词）或在空白处填入一个适当的词1. The scenery of the West Lake is beautiful beyond (describe). (用 所给单词适当形式填空）description【详解】考查名词。句意：西湖的风景美得无法形容。空处作介词beyond的宾语，表示“无 法形容”短语为 beyond description,应填名词 description。故填 description。2. The children ran out of the room,(laugh)happily.(所给词的适当形式填空）laughing【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：孩子们从房间里跑出来，开心地笑着。分析句子结构可知 laugh在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语children构成主动关系，故应用现在分词 作状语。故填laugh ingo3. We (discuss) the problem when there was a power failure. (所给单 词适当形式填空）were discussing【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意：我们正在讨论这个问题，突然停电了。表示“某人正 在做某事，突然”句when. ewhen. sth. when.,结合后文was可知应用过去进行时，主语为we,谓语用复数。故填were discussing。4. He didn' t come to school today because he had frog in his throat.（用适当的词填空）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段"I tried to ask why, but he had already set off. I tried to catch up; as I got closer, he took it as a challenge and sped up. We raced along the road. I rode a little faster and I was just behind, about to catch up with him. With a smile, he sped up and was away, leaving me breathless. w （我想问他为什么， 但他已经出发了。我想追上他。当我走近他时，他把这当作一种挑战，加快了速度。我们沿 着公路赛跑。我骑得快了一点，就在他后面，快要赶上他了。他笑了笑，加速离开了，留下 我喘不过气来。）可知，那个马达加斯加男人一直在作者前面骑行来鼓励他。故选C项。【27题详解】主旨大意题。文章讲述作者在马达加斯加骑行遇到困难时，一位当地人用自己的方式 直骑行在作者前面来激励着作者继续前进。因此作者从中受益匪浅。故选C项。CWhen you choose a friend, you should be very careful. A good friend can help you study. You can have fun together and make each other happy. Sometimes you will meet fair weather friends. They will be with you as long as you have money or luck, but when you are down, they will run away. How do 1 know when I have found a good friend? I look for certain qualities of character, especially understanding, honesty and reliability （可靠）.Above all else, I look for understanding in a friend. A good friend tries to understand how another person is feeling. He is not quick to judge. Instead, he tries to learn from others. He puts himself in the other person* s place, and he tries to think of ways to be helpful. He is also a good listener.At the same time, however, a good friend is honest. He does not look for faults （过错）in others. He notices their good points. In short, good friends will be honest to each other and accept each other.Another quality of a friend is reliability. I can always depend on a good friend. If he tells me he will meet me somewhere at a certain time, I can be sure that he will be there. If I need a favor, he will do his best to help me. If I am in trouble, he will not run away from me.There is a fourth quality that makes a friend special. A special friend is someone with whom we can have fun. We should enjoy our lives, and we would enjoy our friendship.That is why I especially like friends who are fun to be with. A good friend likes the same things I like. We share experience and learn from each other. A good friend has a good sense of humor , too. He likes to laugh with me. That is how we share in the joy of being friends. And I know that he is looking for the same quality in me.When I meet someone who is reliable, honest, and understanding, I know I've found a friend!28. Which of the following qualities the writer thinks is the most important in choosing a friend?A. honestyB. understandingC. reliabilityD. a sense of humor29. If you have fair weather friends, .A. you will become richB. you can be sure that you get real friendsC. you will be refused when you get into troubleD. they will give you all that they have when you need help 30. Good friends need to.A. understand each other, s feelingsB. be helped with moneyC. always point out each other's mi stakesI), have money or luck31. This passage mainly discuss .A. the importance of having a friendB. where to choose friendsC. how to get along with friendsD. the qualities of a friend28. B 29. C 30. A 31. I)【分析】这是篇议论文。文章主要讲了好朋友需要具有的些品质：理解、诚实和可靠。【28题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第二段 Above all else, I look for understanding in a friend.（最重要的是，我寻找能理解别人的朋友），由此可知，作者认为在选择朋友方面，最重要 的品质就是“理解”，故选B。【29题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在第一段 Sometimes you will meet fair weather friends. They will be wi th you as long as you have money or luck, but when you are down, they wi 11 run away.（有时你会遇到酒肉朋友。当你有钱或运气好时，他们会和你在一起，但当你失意时, 他们会跑掉。）由此推断出如果你有酒肉朋友，当你有困难时，他们将会拒绝，故选C。【30题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第二段 A good friend tries to understand how another person is feeling.可知好朋友需要理解彼此的感情，故选A。【31题详解】主旨大意题。第一段 I look for certain qualities of character, especially understanding, honesty and reliability （可靠）.是全文的主题句,结合全文内容，可知 这篇文章主要讲了好朋友需要具有的一些品质：理解、诚实和可靠，故选D。细节事实理解题主要考杳考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。它一 般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可 以找到。此外，在阅读中可以使用定位法与跳读法解决细节理解题。定位法即根据题干和选 项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子（即定位），然后进行比较和分析（尤其要注意 一些同义转换），从而找出正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并 找到相关的句子（有时可能是几个句子）或段落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。 以本文第1小题为例，本题运用定位法：我们根据文章第二段中的Above all else, I look for understanding in a friend.（最重要的是，我寻找能理解别人的朋友），其关键词是 Above all else,与题干中的th。most important意思相同，由此可知，作者认为在选择 朋友方面，最重要的品质就是“理解”，故选B。DA study of 27, 000 men showed those skipping （不吃）breakfast were at a greater risk of heart problems. The British Heart Foundation said breakfast helped peopleresist G氐制）sugary snacks before lunch.The men, aged 45-82, were studied for 16 years. During that time there were more than 1, 500 heart attacks or cases of deadly heart failure. However, people who skipped breakfast were 27% more likely to have heart problems than those who started the day with a meal. The researchers took into consideration other lifestyle risk factors （因索）such as smoking and exercise.Researcher Dr Leah Cahill told the BBC: "The take-home message is to eat in the morning when you wake up, preferably within an hour. The results show that something is better than nothing, but it' s always better to have something healthy and balanced. ”She said the timing of the meal seemed to be key and waiting until lunch rather than uhaving breakfast“ may be straining （损伤）the body over time. This could be increasing the I'isk of high blood pressure and fatness which could in turn damage the heart. "Don' t skip breakfast, v Dr Cahill suggested.Victoria Taylor, an expert with the British Heart Foundation, said: *These researchers only looked at men aged over 45, so we would need to see further research to prove that breakfast has the same effect on the heart health of other groups of people. What we do know is that a healthy breakfast can make that mid-morning biscuit less tempting, as well as giving you another opportunity to widen the variety of foods in your diet. Cereals （谷类食品）with low fat mi Ik are a good way to start the day. Try a banana or dried fruit on top and you* 11 be on your way to a fine day before you' ve even left the house. ” 32. What does the text mainly deal with?A. The effects of snacks on the health of the heart.B. An interview by the BBC on people* s lifestyles.C. What a healthy and balanced diet should contain.D. The relationship between breakfast and a healthy heart.33. Dr l-eah Cahill, s suggestion is that we should .A. fix the time for each meal we eat in a day B. make sure our breakfast is always balancedC. eat our breakfast immediately after getting upD. have breakfast within an hour after waking up34. The underlined word “tempting“ in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to.A. attractiveB. valuableC. obviousD. familiar35. According to Victoria Taylor, .A. men over 45 are more likely to get heart diseasesB. fresh fruits like bananas are necessary for a healthy breakfastC. it' s healthy to eat some biscuit between breakfast and lunchD. the researchers should have covered other age groups in their study32. D 33. D 34. A 35. D【分析】本文是说明文。一个新的研究结果表明：不吃早餐，心脏病的风险更高，本文以此展开谈论, 主要讲述了一项研究的结果，不吃早餐的消极影响。【32题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句 The British Heart Foundation said breakfast helped people resist sugary snacks before lunch.（英国心脏基金会表示，早餐有助于人们在 午餐前抵制含糖零食。）文中多次提及的breakfast和heart problems可知，木文主要探讨 早餐对于心脏健康的重要性。故选D。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的 The take-home message is to eat in the morning when you wake up, preferably within an hour.（最重要的是早上醒来时吃东西，最好是在一个小 时内。）可知,Dr Leah Cahill认为最好在醒来一小时之内吃早餐。故选D。【34题详解】词义猜测题。由文章第一段的breakfast helped people resist sugary snacks以及本段 le叩ting之前的less一词可知，吃早餐可以减少临近中午时饼干对自己的诱惑。故此处 tempting有“有诱惑力的;有吸引力的”之意。A. attractive有吸引力的:B. valuable 有价值的：C. obvious明显的；D. familiar熟悉的。故选A。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的 These researchers only looked at men aged over 45, so we would need to see further research to prove that breakfast has the same effect on the heart health of other groups of people 可以推出，Victoria Taylor 认为，为 了进一步确切证实早餐对人们心脏健康的重要性，研究者在该项研究中应该对其他年龄群体 展开调杳。故选D。词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to, be called或 that* s to say, such as 等。逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly, the same as, but, however, while, on the other hand, since , because 等，所猜词与这些提示词前/ 后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分 析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要 注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、 位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。如第三小题，由文章 第一段的 breakfast helped people resist sugary snacks 以及本段 tempting 之前的 less 一词可知，吃早餐可以减少临近中午时饼干对自己的诱惑。故此处lempling有“有诱惑力 的；有吸引力的”之意。A. attractive有吸引力的;B. valuable有价值的;C. obvious 明显的：D. familiar熟悉的。故选A。第三部分：七选五（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）Exercise is one of the best things you can do for your health. But how about for your sleep? 36 Let* s learn more about the relationship between exercise and sleep.How does exercise influence sleep?People who exercise regularly get better s1eep than those who don't.37 sleep. leadsleep.rease in body temperature at night, allowing peopleto experience deeper sleep. 38For most people, the time when they take exercise doesn, t matter. For too much exercise, the late afternoon might be the best. For ongoing training, morning might be preferable. Taking exercise at night, you should gently do stretching （拉伸） after that. This will let your body know it is time to calm down.Which type of exercise is best for sleep?The best type of exercise is the one you enjoy enough to stick with and you should make it a regular part of your routine. 39How much exercise do you need for better sleep?-10 Ilowever, it's wise to work out about 150 minutes every week, or about 30 minutes each day, five days a week. Little things you do all day long can add up. From taking the stairs to walking instead of driving. Try to spend fewer minutes sitting during the day.A. What can help you sleep more soundly?B. What time of day is best for exercise?C. Either yoga class or lifting weights can help you sleep well.D. The answer is that being active during the day can improve the sleep at night. E. Exercise increases total sleep time, which leads to greater sleep satisfaction. F. The amount will vary, depending on factors such EIS age and fitness level.G. Exercise increases the amount of a chemical, which can increase body temperature.36. I） 37. G 38. B 39. C 40. F【分析】本文为篇说明文。本篇文章讲的主要是运动与睡眠之间的关系，具体的包括运动类型，运 动量对睡眠的影响，以及为什么运动会对睡眠产生影响这么几个方面。【36题详解】文章的第一段是全文的一个总结与概括，是引出运动与睡眠之间关系的一段，根据选项的句 意结合前面的语境可以知道选择D项，因为前面一句是疑问句，下面用answer. answer. 来回答正合适，也就是只有D项符合这个，所以选择【）。【37题详解】此题看空白的后面提到了身体温度，那么与身体温度有关系的选项就只有G项了，所以2 空应为G。38题详解】同样看3空下面的段，后面提到了对于多数人来说，什么时间锻炼没什么影响，所以可以 知道这里面应该是在说时间的问题，那么与时间有关的选项就是B项了，一天最好什么时间 锻炼，所以此题为B。39题详解】这一个空要看小标题了，这个空对应的小标题说的是运动类型的问题，那么这几个选项里面 只有C项提到了运动类型，即瑜伽和举重，所以此题应为C。【40题详解】同样是看5空上面对应的小标题，说的是运动量的问题，再看选项，这里只有F项提到了运 动量因人而异，所以此题应为F。这里面考的主要就是对文章以及选项的含义的理解与分析，技巧上就是先看选项再快速浏览 全文，先把特别明显的选项填好，然后结合这你填好的选项再细读一遍，把一些干扰项排除, 填好剩余的几项，要注意的是前后文语境还有就是注意标题和每一段的小标题，这是文章的 主题思想和每一段的主题思想，可以帮助你更好的把握文章的意思。第四部分：完形填空(共15小题，每小题L 5分，满分30分)Born in America, I spoke English, not Chinese, the language of my ancestors.When I was three, my parents flashed cards with Chinese 41 at my face, but I pushed them 42. My mom believed I would learn 43 I was ready. Butthe 44 never came.On a Chinese New Year* s Eve, my uncle spoke to me in Chinese, but all I could do was 45 at him, confused, shaking my head. aStill can' t speak Chinese?” He 46 me, "You can' t even buy a fish in Chinatown. w“Hey, this is America, not China. I' 11 get some47 with or withoutChinese. w I replied and turned to my mom for48.Remember to ask for fresh fish, Xin Xian Yu, w she said, handing over a $20 bill. I 49 the words, running downstairs into the streets of Chinatown.I found the fish 5() surrounded in a sea of customers. 'T d like to buy some fresh fish, “ I shouted to the fisherman. But he 51 my English words and turned to serve the next customer. The laugh of the people behind increased52their impatience. With every53, the breath of the dragons onmy back grew strongermy blood boiling- 5-4 me to cry out, “Xian Sheng Yu, please. “ ° Very Xian Sheng, “ I repeated. The crowd burst into laughter. My face turned 55 and I ran back home 56, except for the $20 bill I heldtightly in my hand.Should I laugh or cry? They' re Chinese. I' m Chinese. I should feel right at 57. Instead, I was the joke, a disgrace (丢脸)to the language.Sometimes, I laugh at my fish 58, but, in the end, the joke is on59. Every laugh is a culture 6(); every laugh is my heritage (传统)folding away.41. A. customB. gamesC. charactersD.language42. A. aheadB. aroundC. alongD. aside43. A. whenB. beforeC. unlessD. until44. A. successB. studyC. timeI).attempt45. A. aimB. jokeC. nodD. stare46 A. cared aboutB. laughed atC. argued withD. askedafter47. A. right nowB. from nowC. at timesD. in time48. A. decisionB. permissionC. informationD.preparation49. A. repeatedB. reviewedC. spelled1). kept50. A. farmB. standC. pondD. market51. A. guessedB. forgotC. doubtedD.ignored52. A. byB. nearC. withD. from53. A. secondB. effortC. desireD.movement54. A. forcingB. al lowingC. findingI).leading55. A. brightB.blankC. paleD.red56. A. open-mouthedB.tongue-tiedC. empty-handedD.broken-hearted57. A. serviceB.homeC. riskD.root58. A. tradeB.confidenceC. challengeD.experience59. A. itB.usC. meD.them60. A. treasuredB.lostC. valuedD.reflected41. C 42. D 43.A44. C 45. D46. B 47. A 48. B49.A 50.B 51. D 52. C53.A 54. A55. D 56. C 57. B58. D 59.C 60. B本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者长在美国，熟悉英语，但作为中国人，因为没有学习汉 语而导致了去中国城买鱼的尴尬，这让作者明白了一个道理：“笑话”反映的是一种文化的 缺失，不应该让文化丢失。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我三岁的时候，我的父母在我面前亮出了写有汉字的卡片，但 我把它们推到一边。A. custom 习惯；B. games 游戏；C. characters 文字；I), language 语言。根据本段第一句中the language of my ancestors可知，这里父母是想利用有汉字 的卡篇放在我面前让我学习汉语，Chinese characters意为“汉字”。故选C。【42题详解】考杳副词词义辨析。句意：当我三岁的时候，我的父母在我面前闪着写有汉字的卡片，但我 把它们推到一边。A. ahead提前;B. around在周围；C. along沿着;D. aside在旁边