教育专题:句型-否定句一般疑问句特殊疑问句.ppt
-句型篇句型篇一般将来时一般将来时:1.1.定义:定义:表示将来某一时刻或经常发生的动作或状态或将来某一段时间内经表示将来某一时刻或经常发生的动作或状态或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。常常和表示将来的时间状语连用。常的动作或状态。常常和表示将来的时间状语连用。一般将来时的时间状语有:一般将来时的时间状语有:tomorrow,this(afternoon),next tomorrow,this(afternoon),next(year),one day,now,soon,someday,sometime,in the future,(year),one day,now,soon,someday,sometime,in the future,whenwhen引导的从句等。引导的从句等。用用willwill构成的将来时构成的将来时,表示动作与人的主观愿望无关。表示动作与人的主观愿望无关。“shallshall”用用于第一人称于第一人称,“willwill”用于所有人称。用于所有人称。如:如:I will graduate from this school soon.I will graduate from this school soon.You will stay alone after I leave.You will stay alone after I leave.“am/is/are going to+am/is/are going to+动词原形动词原形”表示打算或准备要做的事情表示打算或准备要做的事情,或或者主观判断即将要发生的事情者主观判断即将要发生的事情,而而“am/is/are to+am/is/are to+动词原形动词原形”表示表示安排或计划中的动作。安排或计划中的动作。如:如:A man told them that the woman was to give birth to the A man told them that the woman was to give birth to the special baby.special baby.一般将来时:2.2.时间状语:时间状语:tonight tonight,in the future in the future,tomorrow,tomorrow,tomorrow morning,tomorrow afternoon,tomorrow tomorrow morning,tomorrow afternoon,tomorrow evening,next evening,next dayday(week,month,year(week,month,year),),soon,the day after tomorrowsoon,the day after tomorrow(后天),(后天),in+in+段时间段时间(在(在.之后)之后),from now on,from now on(从现在开始);(从现在开始);3.3.句子结构:句子结构:1 1、will/shall+will/shall+动词原形动词原形 一般单纯地表示将来某个一般单纯地表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。willwill用于各种人称用于各种人称;shall;shall只用于第一人称。只用于第一人称。e.g:e.g:I will/shall go to visit him next week.I will/shall go to visit him next week.2.2.be going to be going to 动词原形动词原形 用来表示近期将要发生的动作用来表示近期将要发生的动作或存在的状态或存在的状态,以及计划、安排、打算要做的事。以及计划、安排、打算要做的事。e.g:Im going to go to the park.e.g:Im going to go to the park.句子结构及句子结构及形式形式肯定句:肯定句:I/We shall/will go.You/He/She/They will go.否定句:否定句:I/We shall/will not go.You/He/She/They will not go.疑问句疑问句:Shall I/we go?Will you/he/she/they go?形式:形式:will 常简略为常简略为 ll,并与主语连写在一起,并与主语连写在一起,如:如:Ill,hell,itll,well,youll,theyll。一般疑问句如用一般疑问句如用will you?其简略答语须是其简略答语须是Yes,I will或或 No,I wont;现在进行时:现在进行时由“助动词be(am is are)+现在分词”构成。现在进行时的时间状语有:now,this,these等,但经常不用。如:What are you doing up in the tree?I am writing a long novel these days.表示即将发生的动作,一般指近期安排好的事情。常见的动词有:come,go,stay,leave,spend,do等如:Im coming now.What are you doing tomorrow?He is leaving soon.现在进行时:现在进行时:1.1.定义:定义:现在进行时表示现在进行时表示现在正在进行现在正在进行的动作或是现阶段的动作或是现阶段正发生正发生而此刻不一定在而此刻不一定在进行的动作。所谓进行的动作。所谓“正在进行中正在进行中”,是指在谈到这件事的时候,这个动作,是指在谈到这件事的时候,这个动作还在进行中还在进行中。2.2.句子结构:句子结构:主语主语+be+v.ing+be+v.ing现在分词形式现在分词形式 肯定句肯定句:主语主语+be+be(is/am/areis/am/are)+现在分词现在分词 否定句:否定句:主语主语+be+be(is/am/areis/am/are)+notnot+现在分词现在分词 一般疑问句一般疑问句:bebe(is/am/areis/am/are)+主语主语+现在分词现在分词?3.3.用法:用法:A A.表示现在表示现在(指说话人说话时指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。正在发生的事情。例:例:We are waiting for you.We are waiting for you.B.B.习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。例:例:Mr.Green is writing another novel.Mr.Green is writing another novel.C.C.已经确定或安排好的将来活动。已经确定或安排好的将来活动。Im leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.Im leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.(我下周要去尼泊尔旅行(我下周要去尼泊尔旅行)现在进行时:4.4.时间状语时间状语:常用的有:常用的有:now,this week,at this moment now,this week,at this moment 等;或者告诉你等;或者告诉你一个准确的现在时间,或者用一个准确的现在时间,或者用look,listenlook,listen提醒听者注意正在发提醒听者注意正在发生的事。生的事。句型(简单句):句型(简单句):1.定义定义:英语中,只含有一个主谓结构并且句子各成分都只由单词英语中,只含有一个主谓结构并且句子各成分都只由单词或短语构成的独立句子或分句叫做简单句。在简单句中主语或短语构成的独立句子或分句叫做简单句。在简单句中主语和谓语是句子的主干,是句子的核心和谓语是句子的主干,是句子的核心。2.特点特点:简单句通常只由一个主语:简单句通常只由一个主语(或并列主语或并列主语)和一个谓语和一个谓语(或或并列谓语并列谓语)构成。构成。3.种类种类:简单句一般分为陈述句、疑问句、感叹句和祈使句四:简单句一般分为陈述句、疑问句、感叹句和祈使句四种。种。1)、陈述句:、陈述句:用来说明一个事实的句子叫陈述句。它有肯定式和否定式两种形式。陈述句的肯定式:He is a middle school student.I have a hammer in my hand.She teaches us English.陈述句的否定式:谓语动词如果是be动词、助动词、情态动词时,在它们的后面加“not”。如:My brother is not a teacher.You must not make such mistakes again.谓语动词是其他动词时(行为动词),须在它的前面加do not(dont);does not(doesnt);did not(didnt),后面动词还原原形.如:I dont have a dog.Li Ming does not feed pigs in the countryside.肯定句变成否定句:1.I am a teacher.2.Li Lei can swim.3.We have 2 dogs.4.He will go to the zoo tomorrow.5.I get up at six oclock every day.6.Mr Wang works in a factory.7.Xia Lin visited our friends last night.8.The children had a good time at the party yesterday.9.The pupils are having a picnic at the foot of the hill.10.She does exercises at home in the evening.2.2.疑问句:疑问句:一般疑问句一般疑问句 用用“yesyes”或或“nono”来回答的疑问句叫做一般疑问句。来回答的疑问句叫做一般疑问句。一般疑问句构成:一般疑问句构成:如果谓语动词如果谓语动词是是bebe、助动词、情态动词时、助动词、情态动词时,则将它们则将它们(提前提前)放到主语前面。放到主语前面。如:如:H He e i is s an engineeran engineer.-.-Is he an engineer?Is he an engineer?谓语动词谓语动词是实义是实义动词时动词时,则在主语前面加助动词则在主语前面加助动词do/does/did,do/does/did,动词改为原形动词改为原形如如:Y You ou getget up at six every morning up at six every morning.Do you Do you getget up at six every morning?up at six every morning?Yes,I do./No,I dont.Yes,I do./No,I dont.S She he studstudiesies hard hard.-.-Does she Does she studystudy hard?hard?Yes,she does./No,she doesnt.Yes,she does./No,she doesnt.一般疑问句的回答一般疑问句的回答:含有含有bebe动词、情态动词或助动词,回答时仍然用动词、情态动词或助动词,回答时仍然用bebe动词、动词、情态动词或助动词。情态动词或助动词。肯定回答为:肯定回答为:YesYes,人称代词人称代词(主格主格)+be/be/情态动词情态动词/助动词助动词。否定回答时:否定回答时:NoNo,人称代词人称代词(主格)(主格)+be/be/情态动词情态动词/助动词助动词+not.+not.如如:Is he a student?:Is he a student?Yes,he is.No,he isnt.Yes,he is.No,he isnt.Does he play basketball everyday?Does he play basketball everyday?Yes,he does.No,he doesnt.Yes,he does.No,he doesnt.3)3)如果如果“havehave”作作“有有”讲讲,也可以在它后面加也可以在它后面加notnot构成否构成否定式定式,其形式与其形式与have gothave got的否定式相同。的否定式相同。如:如:I havenI havent(got)any brothers or sisters.t(got)any brothers or sisters.肯定句变成一般疑问句:1.I am a teacher.2.Li Lei can swim.3.We have 2 dogs.4.He will go to the zoo tomorrow.5.I get up at six oclock every day.6.Mr Wang works in a factory.7.Xia Lin visited our friends last night.8.The children had a good time at the party yesterday.9.The pupils are having a picnic at the foot of the hill.10.She does exercises at home in the evening.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问句:特殊疑特殊疑问问句:要求具体回答的句:要求具体回答的问问句。句。1)特殊疑特殊疑问问句句结结构是:构是:特殊疑特殊疑问词/除除who外的疑外的疑问代代词短短语/疑疑问副副词+一般疑一般疑问句?句?特殊疑特殊疑问词:where:哪里:哪里 what:什么:什么 which:哪一个,哪个:哪一个,哪个 when:问时间问时间 what.do干什么的(工作)干什么的(工作)who:谁谁(回答用回答用He is.She is.They are.等)等)whom:谁谁(宾宾格)格)whose:谁谁的的(回答用回答用It is.These/Those are等等)why:为为什么什么(回答用回答用Because,问问原因原因)what colour:什么:什么颜颜色色 what time:问时间问时间点点 what weather:什么天气:什么天气 what subject:什么学科:什么学科How many:多少数量:多少数量 How much:多少:多少钱钱价格价格 How:怎么:怎么样样How long:多:多长长(可用于可用于时间时间,问问做多做多长时间长时间)How often:多少次:多少次(问频问频率)率)How far:多:多远远路程路程 How soon:多久:多久对划线部分提问:I go to school I go to school by bikeby bike every day.every day.画住的部分相当于被去掉的部分。画住的部分相当于被去掉的部分。思考:思考:by bikby bike-howe-how How+How+一般疑问句?一般疑问句?How do you go to school _ every day.How do you go to school _ every day.成型:成型:How do you go to school every day.How do you go to school every day.对划线部分提问是英语考试常见的考题之一,对划线部分提问是英语考试常见的考题之一,童鞋们童鞋们一定记得规律再去做题,千万不要急于做题,不然会一定记得规律再去做题,千万不要急于做题,不然会功亏一篑的!功亏一篑的!对划线部分提问的规律:规则:规则:一一“定定”,二,二“改改”,三,三“组合组合”。“定定”定特殊疑问词,定特殊疑问词,“改改”改一般疑问句,改一般疑问句,“组合组合”特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+一般疑问句。一般疑问句。1.His father is an engineer.(对划线部分提问)_ is his father _?2.Mr King is from America.(对划线部分提问)_ is Mr King _?3.Jenny is an English teacher.(对划线部分提问)_is an English teacher?Practise:1.I have three cousins.(对划线部分提问)_?2.These are Jennys CDs.(对划线部分提问)_?3.Amys mother likes romantic movies.(对划线部分提问)_?4.Linda likes sports programs.(改为否定句)_.5.His favorite football player is Beckham.(对划线部分提问)_?6.Her backpack is on the sofa.(对划线部分提问)_?7.There are two bathrooms in my house.(对划线部分提问)_?Practise:8.I have a son and a daughter.(划线提问)_ _ children _ you _?9.Liz is a teacher.(划线提问)_ is a teacher?10.There are some books in the bookcase.(划线提问)_ _ there in the bookcase?