初中八年级英语翻译专项集中训练100题（含答案）.docx

初中八年级英语翻译专项集中训练100题含答案一、汉译英：整句1 .他喜欢玩电脑游戏。（computer games）【答案】He likes playing computer games.【详解】he“他”,人称代词主格，在句中作主语；like doing sth.“喜欢做某事同play computer games”玩电脑游戏”。根据语境用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动 词like用第三人称单数形式。故填He likes playing computer games.2 .我打算在家里度过这个暑假。（spend）【答案】I'm going to spend the summer holiday al home.【详解】我：I,主格作主语；打算：be going to,表示计划好要发生的事情，主语是 “I”，be动词要用am,与主语缩写成m；在家里：at home,固定短语；度过： spend,动词； 这个暑假：the summer holiday； 故填 I'm going to spend the summer holiday at home.3 .他们的第一节英语课在上午九点钟开始。【答案】Their first English lesson starts at 9 a.m.【详解】“第一节课"the first lesson, “在上午9点”at 9 am,根据句意可知这是一般现在时，动词 start 要加 s,故翻译为 Their first English lesson starts at 9 a.m.4 .贝蒂度过了一次梦寐以求的假期。（goon）【答案】Betty went on a dream holiday.【详解】这是陈述句。主语是“Betty”,表达“去假期”用短语“goon a holiday”，表达“梦 寐以求的“用名词"dream”作定语修饰名词"holiday”。根据“度过了''可知句子是一般过去 时，谓语动词用过去式“went"。故填Betty went on a dream holiday.5 .我在未来想做一名艺术家。【答案】I want to be an artist in the future.【详解】根据题干可知本句应使用固定短语want to be"想要成为"，in the future未固定the party.46 . James为他向母亲撒谎以及表现恶劣而感到惭愧。【答案】James was ashamed that he lied to his mother and behaved badly.【详解】be ashamed that.对感到惭愧；lie to his mother向母亲撒谎,and以及，behave badly表现恶劣。由句意可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填James was ashamed that he lied to his mother and behaved badly.47 .这些医生和护士是多么勇敢！【答案】How brave the doctors and nurses are!【详解】根据句意可知，此句是一般现在时态的特殊疑问句，中心词是“勇敢的 brave"，主语是“这些医生和护士 the doctors and nurses“，此句的结构是How+形容词+ 主语+be!故答案为 How brave the doctors and nurses arc!48 .她鼓励我们加入观鸟俱乐部。【答案】She encourages us to join the Birdwatching Club.【详解】鼓励某人做某事：encourage sb. to do sth.；加入:join；观鸟俱乐部:Birdwatching Clubo句子是一般情况，用一般现在时，主语是she,谓语动词用单三 encourages；谓语后用代词宾格us作宾语；to后加动词原形join；“俱乐部”表示特指用 thco 故填 She encourages us to join the Birdwatching Club.49 .如果人们遵守交通规则，交通事故会更少。(obey, will be fewer)答案】If people obey the traffic rules, there will be fewer accident.【详解】根据if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则；people人们，主语；obey the traffic niles遵守交通规则；fewer accident更少交通事故，从句用there will be句 型: 故填 If people obey the traffic rules, there will be fewer accident.50 .我们从不怀疑戴维的诚实。【答案】We never doubt that David is honest.【详解】主句中含谓语动词doubt时，若主句是否定句，则应用ihal引导宾语从句；主句和从句时态均为一般现在时，主句主语是第一人称复数，谓语动词用其原形，从句主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用其三单形式。我们：we；从不：never；怀疑:doubt；戴维的诚实：David is honcsto 故填 Wc never doubt that David is honest.51 .我怀疑这首歌曲是否值得听。【答案】I doubt if/whether the song is worth listening to.【详解】怀疑:doubt；是否：if/weather；值得做:be worth doing；听listen to<,该句是if/weather引导的宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，主语是一般现在时，从句根据意思 也用一般现在时，故填 I doubt ifYwhcthcr the song is worth listening to.52 .这位艺术家真聪明，制作了史上第一只风筝。【答案】The artist was so clever that he made the first kite in history.【详解】the artist“这位艺术家”;clever”聪明的"，修饰形容词clever用sothat表示 “如此以至于“；make the first kite in history"制作了史上第一只风筝“；根据句意可知此句应用一般过去时，故填 The artist was so clever that he made the first kite in history. 53.盐城自然保护区是各种稀有鸟类的栖息地。【答案】Yancheng Nature Reserve is home to different kinds of rare birds【详解】盐城自然保护区是各种稀有鸟类的栖息地。根据be home to sb是某人的家 园，different kinds of rare birds 各种稀有鸟类；故答案是 Yancheng Nature Reserve is home to different kinds of rare birds。54 .你在假期做了一些有趣的事情了吗？【答案】Did you do anything fun on your vacation?【详解】根据句意，本句是一般疑问句，时态是一般过去时，用助动词Did提问；你 you,作主语；在假期on your vacation；做了一些有趣的事情do anything fun。故填 Did you do anything ftin on your vacation?55 .你需要帮助吗？【答案】Do you need any help?【详解】need需要，help帮助，不可数名词，本题用般疑问句，且对动词need进行提问，用助动词do,且疑问句中any表示“一些”,故填Do you need any help?56 .你喜欢夹着肉和蔬菜的面包吗？【答案】Do you like the bread with meat and vegetables?【详解】根据句意可知是个般疑问句，且用般现在时。“你"you； ”喜欢”like； "夹 着肉和蔬菜的面包“the bread with meat and vegetables(>谓语是实义动词like,主语you 前借助助动词do构成一般疑问句,谓语动词用原形。故填Do you like the bread with meat and vegetables?57 .当这个小男孩到家时，他迫不及待地打开了电视。【答案】When the little boy arrived home, he couldn't wait to turn on the TV.【详解】when表示“当时”，引导时间状语从句：the litlle boy"这个小男孩”；arrive home"到家"；can't/couldn't wait to do sth”等不及做某事“；turn on the TV“打开电视”, 根据句意可知，此句应用一般过去时，故填When the little boy arrived home, he couldn*t wait to turn on the TV.58 .这件棕色的夹克衫20美元。（汉译英）【答案】This brown jacket is fbr $20.【详解】这件棕色的夹克衫：This brown jacket； 20美元:$20«分析句意可知，该句 是物品价格，可用：sth+be+for+价格，句子应用一般现在时。主语This brown jacket 是单数名词，be动词应用is<,故填This brown jacket is fbr $20.59 .大部分女生都怕蛇。答案Most of girls arc afraid of snakes.【详解】结合句子结构可知，此句是一般现在时态的陈述句。主语是“大部分女生" Most of girls ；谓语“都怕”根据形容词短语be afraid o-名词、代词或动名词,可 知，be动词要用复数形式，are all afraid of；宾语“蛇" snakes.结合句意可知，故答案 为 Most of girls are all afraid of snakes.60 .你能告诉我怎样处理交通事故吗？【答案】Could you tell me how to deal with the traffic accidents?【详解】根据问号和句意可知，此句为般疑问句；你能告诉我：Could you tellme.；交通事故：ihe traffic accidents：如何处理：how to deal witho 故填 Could you tell me how to deal with the traffic accidents?将下列句子译成英文61 .到我们做出决定的时候了。62 .请提醒我周五开会的事，如果我忘记的话。63 .他向我解释这台机器的作用。64 .我们周围的环境可以改变我们的心情。65 .你必须行动起来，否则你将会落后于他人。66 案】61. It's time for us to make a decision.62. Please remind me of the meeting on Friday if I forget.63. He explained to me what this machine could do.64. The environment around us can change our moods.65. You must take action, or you will fall behind others.【解析】61.根据句型It's time for sb. to do sth.“是某人做某事的时候了。"make a decision 做出决定,故此处为 Ifs time fbr us to make a decision.62 . remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事,on Friday在星期五，if I forget如果我忘记的话。 故止匕处为 Please remind me of the meeting on Friday if I forget.63 . explain to sb. sth.向某人解释某事，此处是特殊疑问句作宾语从句，用陈述语序， what this machine could do 这台机器的作用，故此处为 He explained to me what this machine could do.64 . around us我们周围的，change our moods改变我们的心情。故此处为The environment around us can change our moods.65 . take action 行动起来，or 否则,fall behind 落后。故此处为 You must take action, or you will fall behind others.66 .我的女儿很小的时候，她对唱歌和跳舞就感兴趣。（汉译英）【答案】 When my daughter was very young, she showed an interest in singing and dancing. 【详解】我的女儿:my daughter ；很小：be very young；她：she；对感兴趣:show an interest in；唱歌和跳舞:singing and dancings根据语境可知，本句是含有 when引导的时间状语从句，表示“当时候”，句子时态用一般过去时，从句是“主 系表”的结构,主语my daughter是单数，谓语用was；主句中，谓语动词show用过去 式 showedo 故填 When my daughter was very young, she showed an interest in singing and dancing.67 .我们暑假从七月初开始。【答案】Our summer holiday begins from the beginning of July.【详解】根据句意“我们暑假从七月初开始。”可知是在陈述一般事实，所以句子时态 用一般现在时;主语是“我们最假"our summer holiday；谓语动词“开始"begin,主语为 第三人称单数,所以用begins； “从初开始"from the beginning of； “七月"July；故答 案为 Our summer holiday begins from the beginning of July.68 .你能查一下飞机多久以后着陆吗？【答案】Can you check how soon the plane will land?【详解】can“能”：you“你”：check“查看”；how soon“多久以后”；the plane“飞机”； land“着陆”。check后跟宾语从句，需用陈述语序（主语+动词），且本句是般将来时 （will be）o 故填 Can you check how soon the plane will land?69 .我不确定他能否习惯当地环境。【答案】I'm not sure if/whether he can get used to the local environment.【详解】我不确定：I'm not sure,后接宾语从句；是否if/whether,引导宾语从句；他：he,作从句主语；能：can,情态动词，后接动词原形；习惯：get used to sth：当 地环境：the local environment, 故填 I'm not sure i"whether he can get used to the local environment.70 .孩子们喜爱冬天，因为他们喜爱在雪里玩耍（because）【答案】Children like winter because they like to play in the snow.【详解】children孩子们；like喜欢，主语children是复数形式,因此谓语动词用复数形式;winter冬天;because因为,是连词,引导原因状语从句；like lodo sth喜欢做某事；play 玩；in the snow 在雪里。Children like winter because they like to play in the snow.71 .当我们遇到问题时，应该向他人求助。【答案】When we have problems, we should ask others for help.【详解】当的时候：when：我们:we作主语;遇到问题:have problems：应该：should；向他人求助:ask others fbr help。结合句意可知,该句是含有when引导的时 间状语从句的复合句，句子采用一般现在时，when引导的从句也用一般现在时。故填 When we have problems, we should ask others fbr help.72 .如果我能帮助其他人我将很快乐。【答案】I will be very happy if i can help other people.【详解】if引导的条件状语从句用般现在时，主句用般将来时。help other people”帮助其他人", can"能”,位于情态动词后,作谓语,用动词原形，Iw人be very happy“我将很快乐”，故填 I will be very happy if I can help other people.73 .扎龙给鸟类提供了足够的食物。【答案】Zha Long provides enough food fbr the birds.【详解】provide是动词,意为“提供“，provide sth. for sb.为某人提供某物。bird是可数 名词，意为“鸟enough足够的，可修饰名词，放到名词之前作定语。句子使用一般 现在时，主语是单数第三人称，谓语动词也使用单数形式。故填Zha Long provides enough food fbr the birds.74 .从北京到伦敦最便宜的交通方式是什么？(cheap, travel)(汉译英)【答案】What's the cheapest way to travel from Beijing to London?/What is the cheapest way to travel from Beijing to London?【详解】根据中文提示可知，此句是一个特殊疑问句；travel旅行；从北京到伦敦： from Beijing to London；最便宜的方式：the cheapest way to；是什么：what is/what's。 故填 What's the cheapest way to travel from Beijing to London?/What is the cheapest way to travel from Beijing to London?75 .这个作家直到获了奖才出名。【答案】The writer didn't become famous until he won the award.【详解】根据中文句意可知,The writer“这个作家”；not.until“直到 才"；become famous“变得出名"；win the award“获奖本句为一般过去时，主从句均使用动词过去 式。故填 The writer didn't become famous until he won the award.根据中文意思，完成下列句子。76 .这个问题刚刚才被讨论过。77 .很多有眼病的人没钱去医院，所以我们得去他们那儿。78 .别忘了你的电脑不用时把电源切断。79 .这个患病的男孩应该尽快地做手术。80 .起初我觉得这份工作很累人，但是我现在习惯了。答案76. This problem was talked about/discusscd just now.77. Many people with eye problcms（discascs） can,t afford to go to hospital, so we have to go to them.78. Don't forget to turn of!the power when your computer is not in use.79. The sick boy should have an operation/be operated on as soon as possible.80. At first I found the job tiring , but now I am /get used to it.【解析】76.这个问题this problem；刚才just now,用于一般过去时；讨论talk about/discusso单数人称problem是动词（短语）talk about/discuss的受动者，这里需用 “was done”被动语态结构。句首单词的首字母需大写，根据句意结构，可知填This problem was talked about/discussed just now.77 .很多人many people；有眼病的with eye problems,做定语；没钱（负担得起） can't afford to,后接原形动词；去医院go to hospital；所以so,表结果；我们we,主 格代词;得（不得不）have to,后接原形动词;去他们那儿go to them。本句是原因状 语从句，前半句是原因，后半句是结果，需用SO连接；根据句意结构，可知填Many people with eye problems（diseases） can't a fiord to go to hospital, so we have to go to them.78 .忘了做某事(还没做)fbrget to do sth.；不用not in use：你的电脑不用时when your computer is not in use；电源 the power；切断 turn offo 本句是 when 引导的时间状 语从句，主句是否定祈使句，需以don、开头，动词用原形；根据句意结构，可知填 Don't fbrget to turn off the power when your computer is not in use.79 .这个患病的男孩the sick boy；应该should,表建议，后接原形动词；尽快地as soon as possible；做手术have an operation。have及其短语没有被动语态；但用operate 表示手术时，和主语the boy是被动关系，需用“should be done”被动语态结构。根据句 意结构，可知填 The sick boy should have an opcration/bc operated on as soon as possible. 8().起初at first,用于一般过去时，动词需用过去式；觉得feel,表感觉系动词后接形 容词；这份工作the job,可用it代替；很very,副词修饰形容词；累人的tired：但是 but,表转折；我I主格代词；现在now,用于一般现在时；习惯了 be/get used to。本 句是转折关系的并列复合句，需用but连接；根据句意结构，可知填At first I fbund the job tiring , but now I am /get used to it.【点睛】翻译句子，综合考查句式结构，动词形式、时态和语态，需要考生结合句子 的主语确定动词形式，根据时间状语的提示确定时态，根据主语和动词之间的关系确 定语态。同时注意各种从句和固定句式的运用。例如第I小题：这个问题this problem；刚才 just now；讨论 talk about/discuss。problem 是单数人称,又是动词(短 语)talk about/discuss的受动者，这里需用“be done”被动语态结构。just now用于一般 过去时，be需用was；句首单词的首字母需大写，根据句意结构，可知填This problem was talked about/discussed just now.81 .剪纸(paper-cutting)不仅有强烈的地方特色，而且有持久的价值。【答案】Paper-cutting has not only strong local color but also a lasting value.详解】not only.but also”不仅而且"；have“有"strong local color”强烈的地方特色“；a lasting value”持久的价值”；陈述客观事实，句子用一般现在时，主语是单 数形式，动词用三单形式，故填 Paper-cutting has not only strong local color but also a lasting value.82 .成功的学习者在有些好习惯方面是一致的(in common)。【答案】Successful learners have some good habits in common.【详解】根据successful成功的，形容词修饰名词learner学习者，用名词包:数表示一类，in common共同，have some good habits in common在有些好习惯方面是一致的。故填 Successful learners have some good habits in common.83 .如果你足球踢得够好，就会入选学校足球队【答案】If you play football well enough, you'll be chosen to /accepted by the school football team.【详解】if引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，主句用一般现在时，从句用一般现 在时。you"你"play fbotball"踢足球”;well enough“足够好”，修饰动词;be chosen to/acccptcd by"被选择/被接纳”；school fbotball team”学习足球队故填 If you play football well enough, you'll be chosen to /accepted by the school fbotball team.84 .我们不知道接下来会发生什么，因为生活中充满了意想不到的东西。答案】We don't know what will happen next, because life is full of the unexpected.【详解】we don't know“我们不知道"；next“接下来”；happen“发生”,what引导宾语从 句,从句用一般将来时will do的结构，且从句用陈述语序;because“因为”，引导原因 状语从句；lift“生活”；be面11。俨充满”；the unexpected“意想不到的东西”，故填Wc don't know what will happen next, because life is fiill of the unexpected.85 .她想知道如何才能在学业和爱好之间获取平衡。【答案】She wonders how she can get a balance between schoolwork and hobbies.【详解】wonder想知道；疑问词how+动词不定式作宾语；get a balance between schoolwork and hobbies在学习和爱好之间取得平衡。句子是一般现在时，主语是she, 动词用三单，故填 She wonders how she can get a balance between schoolwork and hobbies.86 .我认为穿什么衣服取决于个人品位。答案I think what to wear depends on personal taste.【详解】我认为穿什么衣服取决于个人品位。根据depend on取决于；疑问词后接不定 式；故答案是 I think what to wear depends on personal taste.将下列句子译成英语87 .继续直走，你会发现邮局在你左边。88 .熊猫很可爱,喜欢吃竹子。89 .这次会议很重要。千万别迟到。90 .聪明而滑稽的猴子们使得我们笑了起来。91 .在学校的西边有个超市。【答案】87. Go straight on, and you'll find the post office on your left.88. Pandas are very cute and like to eat bamboos.89. The meeting is very important. Never be late.90. The clever and funny monkeys make us laugh.91. There is a supermarket to the west of the school.【解析】87.这句话使用了句型祈使句+and+简单句，Go straight on是固定短语，“直 走”；简单句中使用了一般将来时，主语为you,谓语动词为will find,宾语为the post office,邮局；onyourleft是固定短语，意为“在你的左边88. Pandas熊猫，用复数形式表示一类，在句中作主语；are系动词，后跟形容词cule 作表语；and连接并列的谓语动词，like喜欢，跟动词不定式to eat bamboos作宾语。89. meeting会议,名词,在句中作主语；is系动词，后跟形容词important作表语; Never be late是一个祈使句。90. clever聪明的;fimny滑稽的,两个形容词并列,修饰名词monkeys； make使, 是谓语动词；us宾语；laugh笑，作宾补，句型是make sb. do sth.使某人做某事。91. 这句话使用了 There be句型，意为“有”，主语为a supermarket,单数,故用 Thereis： tolheweslof 在的西边；ihe school 学校。【点睛】这是一个翻译题，考查学生们语言运用和英语表达能力，有一定的难度。做 题时，应从句子的整体结构上考虑，选择适当的句型和结构，再确定具体的单词、短 语，并注意使用正确的人称和时态。英语中简单句的结构常见的有主谓宾和主系表结 构，翻译时，先确定主干结构，再补充修饰成分。还应注意一些固定句型的使用。例 如第I小题,这句话使用了句型祈使句+and+简单句,Go straight on是固定短语，“直 走”；简单句中使用了 般将来时，主语为you,谓语动词为will find,宾语为ihe post office,邮局；onyourleft是固定短语，意为“在你的左边“。再如第5小题，这句话使 用了 There be句型,意为“有"，主语为a supermarket,单数，故用There is； to the 短语“在将来“；artist为名词“艺术家”，由于其是以元音音素开头的单词，故表示一名 艺术家应在前面加冠词an,故本题答案应为I want to be an artist in the future.6 .农民们太累了，他们坐下来喝了点水。(so.that)【答案】The fanners were so tired that they sat down and drank some water.【详解】农民们the farmers，太累了 be tired,他们they,坐下来sit down,喝了点水 drink some watero本句用so.that连接,意为“如此以至于“，引导结果状语从句,根据语境可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填The fanners were so tired that they sat down and drank some water.7 .你的表哥对装饰他的房子很痴迷吗？【答案】Is your cousin crazy about decorating his house?【详解】根据语境可知，这是一个一般疑问句，时态是一般现在时；be crazy about表 示“对很痴迷“，about是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语；主语是your cousin“你的表哥”，表单三，be动词用is；装饰：decorate；他的房子：his house；故填Is your cousin crazy about decorating his house?8 . David有一个足球吗?【答案】Does David have a soccer ball?【详解】有：have； 一个足球：a soccer bah根据汉语提示可知，应翻译为一般疑问 句，且因主语是第三人称单数，因此助动词用docs,谓语动词用动词原形have。故填 Does David have a soccer ball?9 . Simon穿那件灰色的毛衣看起来很精干。答案】Simon looks smart in that grey sweater.【详解】本句是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用其三单形式；看起 来：look,其后接形容词作表语；精干的：smart；穿那件灰色的毛衣：in that grey sweatero 故填 Simon looks smart in that grey sweater.10 .他知道怎样修理这台电脑。【答案】He knows how to fix this computer.west of在的西边；the school学校。92 .当你刷牙的时候，不要让水龙头一直开着。【答案】Don't leave the tap on/running when you brush/are brushing your teeth.【详解】leave the tap on/running”让水龙头一直开着“；when"当时“；you“你"