初中英语八大时态讲解 经典例题.docx

初中英语八大时态讲解+经典试题一般现在时现在进行时现在元成时一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时一般现在时标志：动词原形情况变形方法俺例词一般情况+S清辅音后读/S/ 浊辅音和元音后 读swim-swims help-helps like-likes辅音字母+0结尾+es读/go-goes do-doess/sh/ch/x等结尾+es读仞watch-watches wash-washes辅音字母+y结尾变y为i+es读study-studies特殊情况：have和be动词变 have 为 has变 be 为 am/is/arehave-hasbe-am/is/are.表示经常性或习惯性动作，常与表频度的时间状语连用:She often speaks English.I leave home for school at 7 every morning.1 .表示现在的状态.特征.职业.能力.感觉等：He seems to feel a bit down today.He works as a driver.2 .表示真理,客观存在.科学事实或用于格言警句中：5.与现在完成时连用的常见词语能与现在完成时连用的词语很多，just,already, yetf before, neverf ever, recently 等，但常见的有:1) since 自从I have been there many times since the war.We haven' t seen each other since last week.We have been friends ever since.2) in / for / during the past/last . years 在过去/最近中r ve been ill for the past three weeks.Great changes have take place in the last ten years.I have been here (for) the last/past month.3) so far到目前为止We haven' t had any trouble so far.So far the search for the missing middle-aged woman has been fruitless.4) up to/until now到现在为止Up to now he' s been quiet.Up to nowf the work has been easy.I have heard nothing from him up till now.Up till now we have planted over 2000 trees.5) It is/will be the first/second . time that .这是第一/二次It' s the first time (that) V ve been here.It will be the first time (that) F ve spoken in public.It is the second time (that) I have met him today.6) This is +形容词最高级+ that .这是最 This is the best film that r ve (ever) seen.6 .现在完成时与一般过去时的区别1)现在完成时强调对现在的影响和结果，与现在有联系；而一般过去时强调这 个动作发生的时间是在过去，不涉及对现在的影响。如：I have seen this film.(我已经看过了这部电影)I saw this film yesterday.(我是昨天看的这部电影)2)现在完成时常与模糊的时间状语连用(如for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, always 等)，或者干脆没有时间状语；而一 般过去时常与具体的时间状语连取如yesterday, last night, .ago, in 1980f in February 等)o3)现在完成时表示持续时一般使用延续性动词(如live, teach, workf know 等)；而一般过去时常使用瞬间动词(如begin, buy, die, marry等)。如： He has lived in Hangzhou since last spring.My grandfather bought the car five years ago.7 .易错点辨析1）考生容易把一些瞬间动词用现在完成时表达，这是错误的。如： (x) He has died for two years.他死了两年了。(V) He has been dead for two years.(V) He died two years ago.(x) The film has begun for 10 minutes.电影开演十分钟了。(V) The film has been on for 10 minutes.(V) The film began 10 minutes ago.(x) She has married for three years.她结婚有三年了。(V) She has been married for three years.(V) She married Mike three years ago.2）考生不懂如何区分have been to和have gone to ,尽管两者均可后接地点，但have been to表示去过某地（现在已经点，但have been to表示去过某地（现在已经来了 ) , have gone to 表示到某地去了（现在还没回来）。如：She has been to Paris (three times).She has gone to Paris.过去完成时标志：had +动词的过去分词1 .表示在过去的某个时间或动作以前已经发生的动作或已经存在的状态。如：By the end of last week he had finished the work.He had left when I arrived.2 .表示从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。如：We had not seen each other since I left Beijing.The film had been on for 5 minutes when I got to the cinema.3 .某些表意向的动词(如intend, think, planf expect hope等)的过去完成时表示主语未曾实现的愿望,希望、打算。如：1 had intended to visit you last nightf but someone called and I couldnr t get away.We had hoped that you would ef but you didnr t.4 .（虚拟语气）在条件状体从句或wish / would rather等后面的从句中，使用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的主观愿望。如：The party wouldn, t have been so perfect if you hadnz t e.I wish I had gone with you to the concert that day.5 .过去完成时与一般过去时 1）基本区别：过去完成时表示以过去某时间为起点以前所发生的动作或存在的状态，即过去完成时强调过去的过去“，而一般过去时只表示以现在时间为起 点以前所发生的事情或存在的状态。如：He studied there two years ago.他两年前在那儿学习（离现在两年）He said he had studied there two years before.他说他两年前在那儿学习过。（离他说话时两年）2）特别注意:两个动作如果按顺序发生，又不强调先后，或者用then, and, but等连词连接时，多用一般过去时。如：When she saw the mouse, she screamed.My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it.8过去将来时标志：would +动词原形.表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态，一般用于主句为过去时的宾语从句中。如：He said he would e here next Friday.I knew that he would help us when we were in trouble.1 .表示过去的动作习惯或倾向：The old man would sit on a bench in the quite park for hours without doing anything.When I worked on that farm, I would get up at 5 am.2 .用于虚拟语气中：If I were youf I would not do that.If he were heref he would show us how to do it.3 .过去将来时的其他形式1) was/ were going to +动词原形。如：He told us that he was going to attend the meeting.She said that I was going to be sent to meet her at the railway station.2) was / were to +动词原形。如：The building was to be pleted next month.Li Lei was to arrive soon.3) was / were about to + 动词原形。如:We were about to leave there when it began to rain heavily and suddenly.He was about to have lunch when the bell rang.（）难度：Zhang Jie was 13 years old.He on his way home after school last Monday evening.When he was in his lift （电梯）it suddenly stopped.Zhang decided to help himself out 2 he felt a little scared.He tried to open the lift door, but he gave up the idea later and stood against the wall because he thought _3 lift may fall down suddenly.He then pressed all the buttons（按钮）, hoping it would make the lift 4 again, but it didn't work.Zhang then pressed the “stop" button to lock the lift to make sure it would not fall. 5 a cellphone, Zhang tried shouting loudly to get the attention of people outside, but 6 answered.However, the young boy 7 give up trying.He sent out a note for asking for help through the door and hoped someone would pick it up and help him out.He knew it might 8 a long time before someone found the note and saved him.So he decided to do his homework after doing all these.Soon after he finished his homework, he 9 at last.On Weibo, many people spoke highly of the boy, because he could keep calm in 10 a dangerous situation.()l,A.is()4.A.worked B.to work)5.A. Without B.With)6.A.everyone B.no oneB.didn'tB.takeB. savedB.veryC.working D.workC.For D.AboutC. anyone D. someoneC.isnt D.wasn,tC.takes D.takingC.was saved D.is savedC.such D.muchB.was C.are D.wereB.so C. because D. althoughB.an C.the D./(二)难度：Do you know how to study better and make your study more effective (有效率的)？ We all know that Chinese students usually study very hard long hours.This is very good. However, it doesn't help a lot. Because 2 efficient(高效的)student must have enough sleep, enough food and enough rest and exercise.Every day you need to go out for a walk or 3 some friends or some places. If s good for your study.When you return to your study, your mind will be refreshed(恢复精神的)and youHl learn 4 and study better.Psychologists (心理学家)have found that learning takes place this way. 5English learning for an example.First you make a lot of progress and you feel 6 ,Then your language study seems 7 the same, so you will think you're learning 8 and you may give up.This can last for days or even weeks.Yet you 9 give up.At some points your language study will again take another big jump. You will see 10 you really have been learning all along.If you get enough sleep, food, rest and exercise, studyingEnglish can be very effective and interesting.Don't give up along the way.Learn slowly and you're sure to get a good result.)7. A. stayB.in C.onB.an C.theB.visitingB.moreB.To takeB.happilyB. stayingD.forD./C.visits D.visitedC.many D.the mostC.Take D.TakingC. unhappy D. unhappily)8.A.something B.anythingC.nothing D. everythingB.shouldn'tC.couldD.couldn't)10. A. whether B.ifC.that D.whatC.stayed D.to stayShanghai lies in the east of China.Columbus proved that the earth is round.Where there is a will, there is a way.4 .表示现在瞬间的动作：Here es the bus!5 .表示将来1）表按规定、计划、安排将要发生的动作（仅限于某些表示“来、 去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的趋向动词），可以与表示未来的时间状语 搭配使用。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通状况。如：The next train leaves at 3 o' clock this afternoon.How often does the shuttle bus run?2）在时间和条件状语从句中常使用一般现在时表示将来发生的事情：When Bill es （不用 will e）f ask him to wait for me.I shall go there tomorrow unless V m too busy.2一般过去时（三）难度：As a final year student at university, it is time fbr me to decide what next.In all my lifej have wanted to be 2 excellent teacher, and I am lucky that I 3 a place to teach a course next year. The course will take place in my hometown. After four years of living away from my family,! know I will find 4 very strange to live at home again. This isn!t because I don!t enjoy living at home 5 because I have got used to being an independent student. While I 6 away from home,! had to buy everything by myself.I had to pay bills and work hard to pay rent for my house 7 I lived in. Because of the economic situation in this country, it is popular among students to live at home again after they graduate. There are two reasons why young people can!t 8 find jobs. One is the lack of jobs and the other is the cost of living.I am one of the two children in my family, and my 9 sister will start studying at university next year.I didn't speak to my parents about it, but I am sure that this isn't a problem for them I would like to think that they enjoy 10 us around!In the coming year, I will be able to see my parents every day.However, I would love to find my own house eventually when I can afford it!B.to doB.anC.doingD.to doingC.theD./)3.A.will give B.was given C.will be given()7. A. who(B.thisB.andB.whichC.itC.soC.was livingC.whenB. easilyB.more youngB.haveC.easierC.youngestC.to haveD.am givenD.itsD.orD.have livedD. whereD.more easilyD.youngerD.to having难度：Tom shook his money box again.Nothing! He put all coins on the bed and carefully counted them.All that he had was $20.5.He wanted a bicycle, but it was at least $60,2 could he get the rest of the money?He knew that his friends all had bicycles.lt was hard to hang outwith people since he was the only one without a bicycle.He thought about 3 .He couldn't get money from his parents, 4 he knew they didn't have enough money.There was only one way to get money, and that was to earn it by 5.He had to find ajob.He decided to ask Mr Green fbr 6 , “Well, you can start right here： said Mr.Green/4You see, my windows need 7 and my car needs washing That was the beginning of Tom's part-time job.For the next three days, he worked 8 every day after finishing his homework.He took dogs for walks and cleaned rooms.The day finally came when Tom got his money and found it was $82.He wasted no time and went down to the shop to buy the bicycle he wanted.He rode home proudly, looking forward 9 showing his new bicycle to his friends.Tom liked his bicycle very much because he had bought it with his own money.At last, his dream came true.His parents were proud of him, 10D.anC.Who D.What timeB.how he could doD.what he could do C.so D. althoughD.anC.Who D.What timeB.how he could doD.what he could do C.so D. although)1.A./ B,the C.a)2.A.What B.How)3.A.how could he doC.what could he do)4.A.because B.butB.his C.himself D.he）6.A.advices B.adviceC. s ugge st D. suggestionB.to cleanB. hardlyC.cleaningD.cieanedC.easy D.easilyB.at C.in D.on）10. A.eitherB.neitherC.too D.also（五）难度：Some people like to play baseball.Others like basketball or soccer. 1 for some people, those sports aren't fun enough.Some people think that the best sports are the scary and dangerous sports which are called extreme sports （极限运动）.Bungee jumping （蹦极）is 2 extreme sport.When you go bungee jumping, you start at a very high place.For example, you might stand on a bridge.A very strong rope is attached to your feet. 3 end of the rope is tied to the bridge.When you are ready, you jump off the bridge.For 4 seconds, you fall towards the ground very 5 .After that, people pull you up. Most people say that bungee jumping is a very scary experience. In fact, some people try 6 best to do it, but they don!t succeed. When they stand on the bridge and look down, they gettoo scared, and then give up.Do you know 7 people go bungee jumping? Some people want to fight 8 their fears. For example, if a person is afraid of being in high places, he may go bungee jumping to get rid of his fears. Other people enjoy bungee jumping because they just want to try 9 .Bungee jumping sounds crazy, but many people like it. Today, people do it in countries around the world. People don't just go bungee jumping from bridges. 10 .They go bungee jumping from buildings, mountains, and even helicopters!()1.A. AndB. So C. But D. Or)2.A. an)2.A. anB. a C. the D./)3.A. Another)3.A. AnotherB. The other C. The others D. Other()4.A. little()5.A. fast()4.A. little()5.A. fastB. few C.a littleB. more fast C. fasterD.a fewD. fastest)6.A. they)7.A. when)8.A. against)6.A. they)7.A. when)8.A. againstB. theirB. howB. forC. themC. whyC. withD. theirsD. whereD. over)9.A. new something C. new anything)9.A. new something C. new anythingB. something newD. anything new)10.A. too)10.A. tooB. alsoC. eitherD. as well（六）难度：Tyler was a troublesome student.He sat in the back row.Every time I asked him a question, he would reply with a flip （轻率的）answer.If he got it wrong, he would get very 2 . Usually kids could sit quietly in class.However, Tyler was just loud.One day, Tyler was talking while I 3 .1 said to him, “Tyler, why not 4 in our discussion instead of having one of your own?” He stood up from his chair, pushed it over, and shouted 5 .1 sent him to the office and he received a 6 out-ofschool punishment.The week was 7 wonderful time for me, but when it came to the end, I began to feel worried.So I came up with a plan.On the day of his return, I told him if he felt like he was going to lose control in class, he 8 step outside the door fbr a moment.From then on, Tyler changed a lot.In fact, he was a smart child and he even stopped a fight between two students one day. 9 he never used the privilege （特权）to leave the classroom for a moment.I believe that letting him decide for himself made all the difference.When the year was over, he wrote me a thank-you note about how good the year had been 10 him.I still keep it today and find it very moving to reread it when I get stressed about teaching.)1. A. answerB.to answer C.answering D.answeredB.loudB.loudC.angrilyD.loudly)3.A. teachB. was teachi ng C. taught)3.A. teachB. was teachi ng C. taughtD.am teaching)4.A.joins B.joined)4.A.joins B.joinedC.joining D.joinB.somethingB.somethingC.anything D.everythingB. weeksB.an C.theB.can'tB.AndB.of C.atC.week,sD./C.couldC.SoD.withD. weeks”D.couldn't0.Although(七)难度：Every day when Cora Castle goes back home, she opens her computer and logs into (登录)a website called Fuel Up to Play 60.The 14-year-old girl puts on what she has eaten and what kind of activities shej that day.Then the site decides 2 Castle haseaten healthily and done enough exercise or not.All the seventh graders in Castle's school hav