阀门术语详解(中英对照).pdf

阀门术语阀门术语 一 阀门的定义：“阀”的定义是在流体系统中，用来控制流体的方向、压力、流量的装置。阀门是使配管和设备内的介质（液体、气体、粉末）流动或停止、并能控制其流量的装置。二 根据启闭阀门的作用不同，阀门的分类方法很多，这里介绍下列几种。1.按作用和用途分类 (1)截断阀：截断阀又称闭路阀，其作用是接通或截断管路中的介质。截断阀类包括闸阀、截止阀、旋塞阀、球阀、蝶阀和隔膜等。(2)止回阀：止回阀又称单向阀或逆止阀，其作用是防止管路中的介质倒流。水泵吸水关的底阀也属于止回阀类。(3)安全阀：安全阀类的作用是防止管路或装置中的介质压力超过规定数值，从而达到安全保护的目的。(4)调节阀：调节阀类包括调节阀、节流阀和减压阀，其作用是调节介质的压力、流量等叁数。(5)分流阀：分流阀类包括各种分配阀和疏水阀等，其作用是分配、分离或混合管路中的介质。2.按公称压力分类 (1)真空阀：指工作压力低于标准大气压的阀门。(2)低压阀：指公称压力 PN 1.6Mpa 的阀门。(3)中压阀：指公称压力 PN 为 2.5、4.0、6.4Mpa 的阀门。(4)高压阀：指工称压力 PN 为 1080Mpa 的阀门。(5)超高压阀：指公称压力 PN100Mpa 的阀门。3.按工作温度分类 (1)超低温阀：用于介质工作温度 t450的阀门。4.按驱动方式分类 (1)自动阀是指不需要外力驱动，而是依靠介质自身的能量来使阀门动作的阀门。如安全阀、减压阀、疏水阀、止回阀、自动调节阀等。(2)动力驱动阀：动力驱动阀可以利用各种动力源进行驱动。电动阀：借助电力驱动的阀门。气动阀：借助压缩空气驱动的阀门。液动阀：借助油等液体压力驱动的阀门。此外还有以上几种驱动方式的组合，如气-电动阀等。(3)手动阀：手动阀借助手轮、手柄、杠杆、链轮，由人力来操纵阀门动作。当阀门启闭力矩较大时，可在手轮和阀杆之间设置此轮或蜗轮减速器。必要时，也可以利用万向接头及传动轴进行远距离操作。综上所述，阀门分类方法是很多的，但主要是按其在管路中所起的作用进行分类。工业和民用工程中的通用阀门可分成 11 类，即闸阀、截止阀、旋塞阀、球阀、http:/艾逊M R O 工业品蝶阀、隔 膜阀、止回阀、节流阀、安全阀、减压阀和疏水阀。其他特殊阀门，如仪表用阀、液压控制管路系统用阀，各种化工机械设备本体用阀等，均不在本书介绍范围以内。5.按公称通径分类 (1)小通径阀门：公称通径 DN40mm 的阀门。(2)中通径阀门：公称通径 DN 为 50300mm 的阀门。(3)大通径阀门：公称阀门 DN 为 3501200mm 的阀门。(4)特大通径阀门：公称通径 DN1400mm 的阀门。6.按结构特征分类 (1)截门形：启闭件(阀瓣)由阀杆带动沿着阀座中心线作升降运动；(2)旋塞形：启闭件(闸阀)由阀杆带动沿着垂直于阀座中心线作升降运动；(3)旋塞阀：启闭件(锥塞或球)围绕自身中心线旋转；(4)旋启阀：启闭件(阀瓣)围绕座外的轴旋转；(5)蝶行：启闭件(圆盘)围绕阀座内的固定轴旋转；(6)滑阀行：启闭件在垂直于通道的方向滑动。7.按连接方法分类 (1)螺纹连接阀门：阀体带有内螺纹或外螺纹，与管道螺纹连接。(2)法兰连接阀门：阀体带有法兰，与管道法兰连接。(3)焊接连接阀门：阀体带有焊接坡口，与管道焊接连接。(4)卡箍连接阀门：阀体带有夹口，与管道夹箍连接。(5)卡套连接阀门：与管道采用卡套连接。(6)对夹连接阀门：用螺栓直接将阀门及两头管道穿夹在一起的连接形式。8.按阀体材料分类 (1)金属材料阀门：其阀体等零件由金属材料制成。如铸铁阀、碳钢阀、合金钢阀、铜合金阀、铝合金阀、铅合金阀、钛合金阀、蒙乃尔合金阀等。(2)非金属材料阀门：其阀体等零件由非金属材料制成。如塑料阀、陶 阀、搪 阀、玻璃钢阀等。(3)金属阀体衬里阀门：阀体外形为金属，内部凡与介质接触的主要表面均为衬里，如衬胶阀、衬塑料阀、衬陶阀等。阀门 valve lead;valve 阀门扳手 valve key 阀门操纵程序 valve management program 阀门尺寸 valve size 阀门的研磨 grinding-in of valve 阀门垫圈 valve washer 阀门定位器 pneumatic servo;valve positioner 阀门定位伺服回路 valve positioning servo loop 阀门杆 valve lever 阀门杆导路 guide for the valve rod 阀门钢 valve steel 阀门活塞 valve 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