2016新课标创新人教英语---选修六-Unit-2-Section-3.pdf
版权所有:中国好课堂 语法初识原句感知自主探究If she had studied hard,she would be a college student now.It was necessary that we(should)make everything ready ahead of time.My suggestion is that we(should)go there at once.He talked about the accident as if he had seen it.If only I had remembered to lock the door yesterday.But for these spelling mistakes,I would have got a full mark in my English examination.(1)句为错综时间条件句，从句说明过去，主句说明现在。(2)句为“It is important/necessary.that.”结构中的主语从句，句为“My suggestion is that.”结构中的表语从句，其从句的谓语动词构成形式为：(should)动词原形。(3)句为 as if 引导的状语从句，谓语动词用过去完成时表示与过去相反的假设。(4)句中 if only(要是，那该多好啊！)引导的感叹句中，是对已经发生事情的虚拟，用过去完成时。(5)句 but for 引出的为含蓄的条件。语法剖析版权所有:中国好课堂 语法点一虚拟语气的特殊用法1错综时间条件句有时条件句的动作与主句动作发生的时间不一致，这时动词的形式应根据它们各自表示的时间加以调整。If you had taken my advice then,you wouldnt be in trouble now.如果当时听我的劝告，你现在就不会有麻烦了。(从句过去，主句现在)If I were you,I would have taken his advice yesterday.如果我是你，昨天我就会采纳他的意见。(从句现在，主句过去)2含蓄条件句(1)有时假设的情况不用条件句表达，而是用 but for,without 等介词(短语)或上下文来表示。Without electricity,the world would be dark.如果没有电，世界将一片黑暗。(2)用连词 otherwise,or 等暗示后文与前面的情况相反，从而引出后文的虚拟语气。I ran all the way to the cinema,otherwise I would have missed the beginning of The Monkey King.我一路跑到电影院，不然我会错过了电影大闹天宫的开头。(3)虚拟条件通过 but 暗示出来，模式为“虚拟情况but真实情况”。I would have come sooner but I didnt know that they were waiting for me.我不知道他们一直在等我，要不然我肯定会早点来。即时演练 1版权所有:中国好课堂 单句语法填空His ship was delayed because of the heavy fog yesterday;otherwise I would have picked(pick)him up on time.If he hadnt locked the door,I would be(be)at home now.But for the rain,we would have finished(finish)the work already.I would have gone(go)to my cousins birthday party last night,but I was not available.语法点二虚拟语气的其他用法1虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法(1)在“It isimportant/necessary/natural/strange/essential/a pitythat.”句型中，谓语动词用“(should)动词原形”。It is strange that the poor old man(should)have been invited to his wedding.那位贫穷老人竟然被邀请参加他的婚礼，真是奇怪。It is a pity that Lucy(should)be so careless.真遗憾露西竟这样粗心。点津这种从句表示的是事实。如果说话人对这种事实表现出惊奇等情感，就可用虚拟语气。反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感，that 从句也可用陈述句语气。It is a pity that you cant go with us.很遗憾你不能和我们一起去。(2)“It is desired(suggested,ordered,requested,proposed,required 等)that 从句”句型中，从句谓语动词用“shoulddo”，其中 should 可省略。It is desired that we(should)get everything ready by tonight.版权所有:中国好课堂 希望一切在今晚准备好。Its required that the new car(should)be paid in cash.这辆新车要求用现金支付。2虚拟语气在表语从句和同位语从句中的用法表示“建议、要求、命令”等的名词如 suggestion,proposal,order,demand,advice,request 等后跟表语从句和同位语从句时，从句中的谓语动词用“(should)动词原形”。He gave the advice that we(should)do the work carefully.他建议我们认真做这项工作。My suggestion is that we(should)send a few people to help the other groups.我的建议是我们派几个人去帮助别的小组。3as if/as though 从句以及 if only 后的句子常用虚拟语气。He talked about the accident as if he had seen it.他谈起这次事故来好像他看到了一样。(与过去事实相反)If only I had enough money to buy an iPhone 7.如果我有足够的钱买一部 iPhone 7，那该多好。(与现在事实相反)点津如果 as if/as though 后的从句有明显的迹象表示可能发生时，不用虚拟语气。It is so cloudy.It looks as if it is going to rain.天很阴，似乎要下雨了。4Its(high/about)time 后的从句用虚拟语气。从句谓语动词常用过去时，也可用“should动词原形”，但 should 一般不省略。版权所有:中国好课堂 Its time I got down to/should get down to thinking about that essay.我该认真思考一下那篇论文了。即时演练 2单句语法填空The order came that the medical supplies(should)be sent(send)to the earthquakestricken area soon.The upset mother thought to herself,“If only I knew(know)whats going on in my little boys head right now.”Jack is a great talker.Its high time that he did(do)something instead of just talking.It is necessary that he(should)be sent(send)to Beijing right away.Dont handle the vase as if it were made(make)of steel.His demand was that we(should)go(go)to the training center at once.Its time that we had/should have(have)a meeting to talk about the problem.It is strange that she(should)refuse(refuse)to come to the party.链接高考单句语法填空1(2015安徽高考)It is lucky we booked a room,or we would have(have)nowhere to stay now.解析：句意：很幸运，我们订了个房间，否则我们现在就无处安身了。本题考查了虚拟语气在含蓄条件句中的运用，条件句部分在 or 中体现，相当于 If we hadnt booked a room,we would have nowhere to stay now.(主句是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气)。版权所有:中国好课堂 2(2015重庆高考)Without his wartime experiences,Hemingway wouldnt have written(write)his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.解析：句意：假如没有战时的那些经历，海明威就不会写出他的著名小说永别了，武器。当句中出现 without,but for,otherwise 等词时，句子的谓语动词用过去将来时(表示与现在或将来相反的情况)，或用过去将来完成时(表示与过去相反的情况)，本题很显然是与过去的情况相反，而根据句意可知应用其否定形式，因此本句否定形式应用，“would/could/should/might nothave done”。3(2014浙江高考)They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation,or they would/could/might have come(come)to our help.解析：句意：我们在进行调查研究的几个月期间他们在国外，要不然他们就来帮助我们了。根据句中的谓语动词 were abroad 可知描述的是过去的事情，对过去的假设主句部分用“would/could/should/might have done”。4(2014重庆高考)It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I had done(do)it?解析：句意：是约翰打破的窗户，你为什么说我啊？就好像是我做的一样。根据 It was John who broke the window.可知，打破窗户已发生。as if 从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时。如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。5(2012福建高考)We lost our way in that small village,otherwise we would/could/should/might have visited(visit)more places of interest yesterday.解析：句意：我们在那个小村庄里迷路了，否则昨天我们会参观更多的名胜。此题考查对过去某种情况否定的假设。因为昨天迷路，所以昨天没有参观更多地方。故谓语动词用“would/could/should/might have done sth.”。针对演练.单句语法填空1He agreed to our suggestion that we(should)put(put)on a play at the English evening.2But for the help from the doctor,the little boy would have lost(lose)his life.版权所有:中国好课堂 3It looks as if he hadnt had(not have)a meal for a week.4If only I had met(meet)the movie star!But I was then in the school doing papers.5Excuse me,visiting hours are over.Its time for you to leave.Im sorry,I didnt know the time or I would have left(leave)earlier.6Its high time that we students worked(work)even harder at our lessons as the national entrance examination is coming nearer.7It is necessary that he(should)come (come)in time to attend the meeting.8Had you taken the doctors advice yesterday,you would be(be)all right now.9Without my mothers love and care,I wouldnt have grown(not grow)up healthily and happily.10It was required that students(should)take(take)care of themselves on the trip.单句改错1It is essential that he will come to our meeting tomorrow.willshould 或去掉 will2When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if it is broken.第二个 iswere3Now,children,its time that you will be washed and dressed.willshould 或 will bewere 4If only you have listened to my advice.havehad5I would rather you do it yourself instead of asking others for help.dodid.短文改错 Well never forget the day which my classmates and I paid a visit to the factory last week.It was a larger one with nearly 2,000 workers.It looked a garden and we could see colorful flowers,grass and trees anywhere.We also visited some workshops and saw worker working very hard.We talked with them and learned a lot of.We understood them further.On the way home we felt tiring.We all thought that we had a very good day.We real hoped that we could get more chances of leave the school and learn social experience.答案：第一句：whichwhen;第二个 thea版权所有:中国好课堂 第二句：largerlarge第三句：looked 后加 like;anywhereeverywhere第四句：workerworkers第五句：去掉 of第七句：tiringtired第九句：realreally;ofto
