2019八年级英语下册 Unit 6 Enjoying Cycling词汇精讲精练1 （新版）仁爱版.doc

1Unit6Unit6 EnjoyingEnjoying CyclingCycling词汇精讲精练词汇精讲精练 词汇精讲词汇精讲 1.1. enjoyenjoyenjoy 是及物动词，意为“喜爱；享受的乐趣” ，后接动词的-ing 形式作宾语，不接动词不定式。 例如：I enjoy Chinese food very much. 我很喜欢中国食物。 I enjoy working with you very much. 与你工作我很愉快。 【拓展】 enjoy oneself 意为“玩得开心；过得愉快” ，相当于 have fun/have a good time。例如：Do you enjoy yourself at the party? = Do you have fun/have a good time at the party? 你在聚会上玩得开心吗？2.2. pricepriceprice 是可数名词，意为“价格，价钱” 。例如：She bought the house at a high price. 她以高价买了那个房子。 【拓展】（1）price 表示价格高低常用 high 与 low，而某物的贵与便宜常用 expensive 和 cheap。例如：The price of the apples is low. 苹果的价格低。The apples are cheap. 苹果很便宜。（2）询问物品价格有两种表达方式：How much is it/does it cost?Whats the price of? 3.3. paypaypay 是动词，意为“花费” ，其过去式和过去分词为“paid” 。它的主语一般是人，常用结构为： sb. pay money for sth. 意为“某人为某物付钱” 。例如： I paid 200 yuan for the coat. 我花了 200 元买那件外套。 【拓展】 表示“花费”的词 spend; take; cost 和 pay 辨析：词语主语结构spend人(sb.)sb. spends + 时间或金钱+ (in) doing sth. /on sth.takeit 作形式主语It takes sb. some time to do sth.(真正主语)pay人(sb.)sb. pays + 金钱+ for sth.coststh.(物)sth. costs sb. + 金钱例如：I spent 3 hours (in) doing /on my homework yesterday. 昨天我花了三个小时做作业。It took me four hours to go to Wuhan by bus. 乘公共汽车去武汉花了我四个小时。I paid six yuan for the pen. 我花了六元钱买这支笔。My English book cost me five yuan. 我的英语书花了我五元钱。4.4. receivereceivereceive 是及物动词，意为“收到，接到，得到” ，其后可接介词 from。receive a letter from sb.相 当于 hear from sb.，意为“收到某人的来信” 。例如：2I received a letter from my mother. 我收到母亲的一封来信。 【拓展】receive 与 accept 的辨析： 两个词都作动词用，都表示“接受，收到”之意，但在用法上有所不同。receive 表示客观上收到， 而 accept 表示主观上接受。例如：I received his invitation to the party yesterday, but I refused to accept it. 昨天我收到了他的晚会请柬，但我拒绝接收。5.5. directiondirectiondirection 名词，意为“方向，指南；用法说明，指示，命令” 。例如：They finally found the right direction. 他们终于找到了正确的方向。 【拓展】 in the direction 朝方向；在方向 in all directions 四面八方；全面地；向各方面 in the direction of 朝方向，向方向 right direction 正确方向 opposite direction 相反方向；敌对方向6.6. findfind outoutfind out 意为“找到，发现，查明” ，多指通过调查、询问、打听、研究之后“弄明白” 。通常含有 “经过困难、曲折”之后才找出难以找到的东西。例如：Please find out when the train leaves. 请查一下火车什么时候离站。 【拓展】（1）find 是动词，意为“找到” ，通常指找到或发现具体的东西，强调的是找的结果。例如： He didnt find his book. 他没有找到他的书。（2）look for 意为“寻找” ，是有目的地找，强调找的动作。例如： Jim is looking for his little dog. 吉姆正在找他的狗。7.7. amongamongamong 意为“在中间” ，一般用于三者或三者以上的，其宾语通常是一个表示笼统数量或具有复 数意义的名词或代词。例如： His house is hidden among the trees. 他的房子隐藏在树林之中。 She sat among the children. 她坐在孩子们中间。 【拓展】 between 一般指两者之间，其宾语往往是一个具体数目的人(物)，或者是由 and 连接的两个具体的人 (物)。例如： There was a fight between the two boys. 这两个男孩间发生了一场格斗。 I am sitting between my parents. 我正坐在我父母中间。8.8. noticenotice （1）notice作名词，意为“布告，启事” ，是可数名词。例如：We have put a notice of renting these flats in the newspaper. 我们已经在报上登了出租这几套房的启事。 （2）notice作名词，意为“预告，警告” ，是不可数名词。例如：These rules cant be changed without notice. 这些规则不预先通知不可以随便更改。3（3）notice作名词，意为 “注意” ，是不可数名词。常用的词组有: take notice of sb./sth.意为“注意某人/某物” 。例如：Take notice of what they say. 注意听他们说。 （4）notice作动词，意为“注意到，留心，看到” 。常用于notice sb. do sth.意为“注意到某人做 某事” （注意到某人作某事的全过程）或notice sb. doing sth.“注意到某人正在做某事” （表示正 在进行的动作） 。例如： Did you notice Jack come in? 你注意到杰克进来了吗? Did you notice his hand shaking? 你有没有注意到他的手在抖?9.9. looklook outoutlook out 意为“小心，注意” ，用于祈使句，是提醒对方“小心”的常用语。例如： Look out! There is a car coming. 当心！汽车过来了。 【拓展】 Watch out! 当心，小心！Be careful! 小心，注意！10.10. carelesscarelesscareless 作形容词，意为“粗心的；漫不经心的” 。其反义词为 careful，意为“小心的，仔细的” 。例如：A careless driver is a danger to us all. 粗心的司机对我们大家都是一种危险。Jenny was careless to let out the secret. 珍妮不小心泄露了秘密。 【拓展】 less 是表示否定意义的形容词后缀，这样的单词还有：hopeless“无望的” ； sleepless“不眠的” ； useless“无用的” ；harmless“无害的” ；selfless “无私的”等。11.11. experienceexperience （1）experience 用作及物动词，表示“体验，经历”等。例如：I experienced a lot of difficulties. 我经历了许多困难。 Have you ever experienced any jungle life？ 你曾经体验过丛林生活吗？ 【注意】 有时 experience 的过去分词 experienced 也用作形容词。例如：Even experienced teachers can make mistakes. 即使有经验的教师也可能犯错误。 （2）experience 用作不可数名词，表示“经验” ；而表示“经历，感受”时，通常是可数名词。例如：Experience is the best teacher. 经验是最好的老师。My father has rich experience in teaching English. 我的爸爸在英语教学方面有丰富的教学经验。The car accident was a terrible experience to him. 那次车祸对他来说是一次很可怕的经历。12.12. sendsend send 是及物动词，意为“寄，发送” ，过去式和过去分词都是 sent，其后能接双宾语，即 send sb. sth.=send sth. to sb.。例如：4He sent me a postcard. = He sent a postcard to me. 他寄给我一张明信片。 【拓展】 动词接双宾语时，有两种结构： （1）动词+间接宾语(sb.) +直接宾语(sth.) 例如： Please give me a pen. 请给我一支笔。 （2）动词+直接宾语(sth.) +介词(for/to) +间接宾语(sb.) 能接双宾语的动词可分为两类： 1）常用介词 to 的动词有：send; give; show; bring; show; teach; tell 等。例如：give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 意为“给某人某物” 。 show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 意为“向某人展示某物” 。 2）常用介词 for 的动词有：buy; sing; make; cook; get 等。例如：buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 意为“给某人买某物” 。 make sb. sth. = make sth. for sb. 意为“给某人制作某物” 。词汇精练词汇精练 I.I. 英汉互译。英汉互译。1. go on a visit to _ 2. make the decision _ 3. 查明，发现_4. raise money _ 5. 期盼(做)某事_ 6. 收到某人的来信_7. advise sb. to do sth. _ 8. 一就_ 9. go camping _10. 怎么样？ _ II.II. 根据句意及首字母和汉语提示写出所缺单词。根据句意及首字母和汉语提示写出所缺单词。1. Next Sunday they will go on a spring f_ trip. 2. We d_ to go there by airplane. 3. The t_ time of riding from my home to our school is ten minutes. 4. We must make sure that we are in (安全) now.5. We must pay a to the traffic lights when we cross the road. 6. Rose is a _(普通的) flower. We can easily get it in a flower shop.7. Can you believe so many books cost Helen only 5 d_? 8. If you want to live more comfortably, youd better buy a _(冰箱). 9. The bicycle is one of the most important (交通工具) in the world.10. Japan is to the e of China. III.III. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. How about going _ (camp) this weekend? Thats a good idea! 2. When you go to a new place, you should remember the _ (direct). 3. We _ (notice) the bad man run out of sight quickly just now. 4. Tom is looking forward to _ (receive) his fathers letter, because his father works far away. 5. The conditions in the hotel will make you feel _ (comfort). 6. _ (travel) by car is very pleasant. 7. It took us half an hour _ (find) out the cost by train. 8. Cycling is popular because it doesnt cause air _(pollute). 9. David was so _(care) that he made many mistakes. 10. Computer games are more and more interesting. I _(agree) with you. I think we shouldnt play too much.5. 选择适当的引导词完成句子。选择适当的引导词完成句子。1. Kate _wake up _the telephone rang. 2. Dont speak _ you are eating. 3. We were talking_ the teacher came in. 4. Lily turned off the lights_she left the room. 5._ the bell rings, the students will go into the classroom.参考答案参考答案 I.I. 英汉互译。英汉互译。1. 去参观、旅游 2. 做决定 3. find out 4. 筹钱 5. look forward to (doing) sth. 6. hear from 7. 建议某人做某事 8. as soon as 9. 去野营 10. how about/ what about II.II. 根据句意及首字母和汉语提示写出所缺单词。根据句意及首字母和汉语提示写出所缺单词。1. field 2. decide/ decided 3. total 4. safety 5. attention 6. common 7. dollars 8. fridge/ refrigerator 9. vehicles 10. east III.III. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. camping 2. direction 3. noticed 4. receiving 5. comfortable 6. Traveling 7. to find 8. pollution 9. careless 10. disagree . 选择适当的引导词完成句子。选择适当的引导词完成句子。1. didnt, until 2. while 3. when 4. before 5. As soon as when， while， notuntil, before， as soon as