高考语法复习-倒装句.ppt

1 倒装句之全部倒装倒装句之全部倒装全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：结构有：1)here,there,now,then,thus等副词置于句首等副词置于句首,谓语动词常谓语动词常用用be,come,go,lie,run。1)Theregoesthebell.2)Thencamethechairman.3)Hereisyourletter.注注意意(1)Thereitgoes.(2)Thenhecame.(3)Hereyouare.2)表表示示运运动动方方向向的的副副词词或或地地点点状状语语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。注意注意:上述全部倒装的句型结构的主上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。则不能完全倒装。1.Herehecomes.2.Awaytheywent.1.Outrushedamissilefromunderthebomber.2.Aheadsatanoldwoman.2.倒装句之部分倒装倒装句之部分倒装部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词添加助动词do,does或或did，并将，并将其置于主语之前。其置于主语之前。1)句首为否定或半否定的词语，句首为否定或半否定的词语，如如no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,atnotime,innoway,notuntil等。等。1).NeverhaveIseensuchaperformance.2).Nowherewillyoufindtheanswertothisquestion.3).Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.当当Notuntil引出引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。1)Ihaveneverseensuchaperformance.2)Themotherdidntleavetheroomuntilthechildfellasleep.注意：注意：如否定词不在句首不倒装。如否定词不在句首不倒装。典型例题典型例题 1)WhycantIsmokehere?Atnotime_inthemeeting-roomA.issmokingpermittedB.smokingispermittedC.smokingisitpermittedD.doessmokingpermit答答案案A.这这是是一一个个倒倒装装问问题题。当当否否定定词词语语置置于于句句首首以以表表示示强强调调时时，其其句句中中的的主主谓谓须须用用倒倒装装结结构构。本本题题的的正正常常语语序序是是Smokingispermittedinthemeeting-roomatnotime.2）Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury_whatheatis.A.mandidknowB.manknowC.didntmanknowD.didmanknow答案答案D.看到看到Notuntil的句型，我们知的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在道为一倒装句，答案在C，D中选一个。中选一个。改写为正常语序为，改写为正常语序为，Mandidnotknowwhatheatisuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19th.现在将现在将not提前，后面就不能再用提前，后面就不能再用否定了否定了,否则意思就变了否则意思就变了 3以否定词开头作部分倒装以否定词开头作部分倒装如如Notonlybutalso,Hardly/Scarcelywhen,Nosoonerthan1)Notonlydidherefusethegift,healsoseverelycriticizedthesender.2)Hardlyhadshegoneoutwhenastudentcametovisither.3)Nosoonerhadshegoneoutthanastudentcametovisither.Notonlydoes he do well in his lessons,but also heoften helps others withtheirlessons.注意：注意：not onlybut also 连连接两个并列分句时，第一个分句接两个并列分句时，第一个分句应使用部分倒装。应使用部分倒装。典型例题典型例题 1)Nosooner_thanitbegantorainheavily.A.thegamebeganB.hasthegamebegunC.didthegamebeginD.hadthegamebegun答答案案D.以以具具有有否否定定意意义义的的副副词词放放在在句句首首时时，一一般般采采用用倒倒装装句句(谓谓语语前前置置)。这这类类表表示示否否定定意意义义的的词词有有never,seldom,scarcely,little,few,not,hardly,以以及及notonlybut(also),nosoonerthan,hardlywhenscarcelywhen等等。等等。注意注意:只有当只有当Not only but also连接两连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的结构。如果置于句首的Not only but also仅连接两个并列词语，不仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。可用倒装结构。E.g.:Not only you but also I am fond of music.4so,neither,nor作部分倒装作部分倒装表示表示也也、也不也不的句子要部分倒的句子要部分倒装。装。1)TomcanspeakFrench.SocanJack.2)Ifyouwont/dontgo,neitherwillI.典型例题典型例题 1)-DoyouknowJimquarrelledwithhisbrother?-Idontknow,_.A.nordontIcareB.nordoIcareC.IdontcareneitherD.Idontcarealso答答案案：B.nor为为增增补补意意思思也也不不关关心心，因因此此句句子子应应倒倒装装。A错错在在用用dont再再次次否否定定，Cneither用用法法不不对对且且缺缺乏乏连连词词。D缺缺乏乏连词。连词。1)TomaskedmetogotoplayfootballandsoIdid.2)-Itsraininghard.-Soitis.注意注意:当当so引出的句子用以对上文引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为装结构。意为的确如此的确如此。5.only在句首要倒装的情况在句首要倒装的情况1)Only in this way,can you learn English well.2)Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.3)Only then did I realize the importance of English注意注意:如果句子为主从复合句，则如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装主句倒装，从句不倒装Onlywhenheisseriouslyill,doesheeverstayinbed.但如果但如果only修饰的是句子的其它成修饰的是句子的其它成分，则无需倒装。如：分，则无需倒装。如：OnlysocialismcansaveChina(only修饰的是句子的主修饰的是句子的主语，故仍用正常语序。语，故仍用正常语序。)6.as,though引导的倒装句引导的倒装句as/though引引导导的的让让步步从从句句必必须须将将表表语语或或状状语语提提前前（形形容容词词,副副词词,分词分词,实义动词提前）。实义动词提前）。注意：注意：1)句首名词不能带任何冠词。句首名词不能带任何冠词。2)句首是实义动词句首是实义动词,其他助动词放在其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语,随实义动词一起放在主语之前。随实义动词一起放在主语之前。e.g.:Try hard as he will,he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.注意注意:让步状语从句中，有让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有时，后面的主句不能有but，但是，但是though和和yet可连用。可连用。Childasheis(Althoughheisachild),hecantellrightfromwrong注意注意:如果名词前有形容词修饰时，如果名词前有形容词修饰时，as引导的引导的倒装句中要保留不定冠词。倒装句中要保留不定冠词。A bad-tempered man as he is,=(Although he is a bad-tempered man),he loves me deeply 7.其他部分倒装其他部分倒装1)sothat句型中的句型中的so位于句首位于句首时，需倒装。时，需倒装。e.g.:Sofrightenedwashethathedidnotdaretomoveaninch.2)在某些表示祝愿的句型中：在某些表示祝愿的句型中：3)在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有词有were,had,should等词，可等词，可将将if省略，把省略，把were,had,should移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。Mayyouallbehappy.e.g.:1.WereIyou,Iwouldtryitagain.2.HadIseenhim,Iwouldhaveinvitedhim.典型例题典型例题 1)Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury_whatheatisA.mandidknowB.manknewC.didntmanknowD.didmanknow答答案案为为D.否否定定词词Not在在句句首首，要要求求用部分倒装的句子结构。用部分倒装的句子结构。2）NotuntilIbegantowork_howmuchtimeIhadwasted.A.didntIrealizeB.didIrealizeC.IdidntrealizeD.Irealize答案：答案：B.3)-DoyouknowTomboughtanewcar?-Idontknow,_.A.nordontIcareB.nordoIcareC.IdontcareneitherD.Idontcarealso答答案案为为B.句句中中的的nor引引出出部部分分倒倒装装结结构构，表表示示也也不不。由由so,neither,nor引引导导的的倒倒装装句句，表表示示前前一一情情况况的的重重复复出出现现。其其中中,so用用于于肯肯定定句句,而而neither,nor用在否定句中。用在否定句中。1 Only in this way _ to make improvement in the operating system.（03上海春季）上海春季）A.you can hope B.you did hope C.can you hope D.did you hope高考题高考题 2 It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows _.A.it what to do with B.what to do it with C.what to do with it D.to do what with it （02NMET）高考题高考题3 Not only _ interested in football but _ beginning to show an interest in.（02上海春季）上海春季）A.the teacher himself is;all his students areB.the teacher himself is;are all his students C.is the teacher himself;are all his studentsD.is the teacher himself;all his students are 4Sodifficult_ittoliveinanEnglish-speakingcountrythatIdeterminedtolearnEnglish.A.IhavefeltB.haveIfeltC.IdidfeelD.didIfeel（01上海）上海）高考题高考题 5Notasinglesong_atyesterdaysparty.A.sherangB.sangsheC.didshesingD.shedidsing（00上海）上海）高考题高考题 6Itwascarelessofyoutohaveleftyourclothesoutsideallnight.-MyGod!_.A.SodidIB.SoIdidC.SowereyouD.Sodidyou（99上海）上海）高考题高考题 1.直到天黑了那些孩子们才意识到直到天黑了那些孩子们才意识到太晚回不了家了。太晚回不了家了。A.Not until dark did the boys realize it was too late to return home.B.Not until dark the boys realized it was too late to return home.C.Until dark the boys realized it was too late to return home.二、选择翻译正确的句子二、选择翻译正确的句子 2.直到她摘下了墨镜直到她摘下了墨镜,我才看出来她是我才看出来她是 著名影星。著名影星。A.It was not until did she take off her dark glasses that did I realize she was a famous film star.B.It was not until she took off her dark glasses that did I realize she was a famous film star.C.Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.3.我刚合上眼我刚合上眼,电话铃就响了。电话铃就响了。A.Hardly had I closed my eyes than the phone rang.B.No sooner I had closed my eyes than the phone rang.C.No sooner had I closed my eyes than the phone rang.4.虽然她是一个妇女虽然她是一个妇女,但她能做那件但她能做那件事。事。A.A woman as she is,she is able to do that.B.Woman as she is,she is able to do that.C.As she is a woman,she is able to do that.5.他虽然努力了他虽然努力了,但考试未能及格。但考试未能及格。A.Ashetriedhard,hedidnotpasstheexamination.B.Hardalthoughhetried,hedidnotpasstheexamination.C.Hardashetried,hedidnotpasstheexamination.6.我不但去过杭州市我不但去过杭州市,而且我在那儿度过了而且我在那儿度过了我的童年。我的童年。A.Not only have I been to the city of Hangzhou,but(also)I spent my childhood there.B.Not only I have been to the city of Hangzhou,but(also)did I spend my childhood there.C.Not only I have been to the city of Hangzhou,but(also)I spent my childhood there.7.只有下课了只有下课了,他才能和他的朋友们一他才能和他的朋友们一起踢足球。起踢足球。A.Only when the class was over was he able to play football with his friends.B.Only when the class was over he was able to play football with his friends.C.Only when was the class over he was able to play football with his friends.8.他他是是一一个个美美国国人人,不不会会说说汉汉语语.他他的的妻妻子子 也也 是是 美美 国国 人人,她她 也也 不不 会会 说说 汉汉 语语。A.He is American and he cant speak Chinese.So is his wife.B.He is American and he cant speak Chinese.So it is with his wife.C.He is American and he cant speak Chinese.Neither can his wife.9.“你你喜喜欢欢唱唱歌歌。”“我我确确实实喜喜欢欢。”A.“You like singing.”“So I do.”B.“You like singing.”“So do I.”C.“You like singing.”“I do so.”10.只有他会说日语。只有他会说日语。A.Only he can speak Japanese.B.Only can he speak Japanese.C.Only can speak he Japanese.