高级英语第五课修辞.ppt

Figures of speech修辞手法Transferred epithet 移就 The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged and curious questionings by the young(para.1)点击添加文本 形容词nostalgic和curious的用法属于移位修饰，真正修饰的对象是the middle-age和the young。Metaphor 暗喻 此处运用了暗喻的修辞，将狭隘的道德规范比作人造围墙。所谓的international stature意指美国在世界上的重要地位。点击添加文本 we had reached an international stature that would forever prevent us from retreating behind the artificial walls of a provincial morality or the geographical protection of our two bordering oceans.(para.2)Metaphor 暗喻将取得成功的过程比作一场战争，暗示了其中不可避免的残酷性。点击添加文本 ,it become increasingly difficult for our young people to accept standards of behavior that bore no relationship to the bustling business medium in which they were expected to battle for success.(para.3)添加文本 The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure,and by precipitating(para.3)Simile 明喻 此处运用明喻，将战争比作催化剂战争只是加速而非导致了维多利亚式社会结构的崩溃。添加文本Transferred epithet形容词naughty和alcoholic在此处的使用属于移位修饰，真正地被修饰语是youth，指年轻人没有规矩，酗酒成瘾。But at the same time it was tempted,in America at least,to escape its responsibilities and retreat behind an air of naughty alcoholic sophistication and a pose of bohemian immorality.(para.4)And like most escapist sprees,this one lasted until the money ran out,until the crash of the world economic structure at the end of the decade called the party to a halt and forced the revelers to sober up and face the problems of the new age.(para.4)metaphor 此处使用了暗喻的修辞，将年轻人的狂野行为和自我放纵比作短暂的狂欢，将逃避者比作醉酒的狂欢者。Greenwich village set the pattern.(para.7)metonymy 转喻 Many writers and artists came to live in Greenwich village,and many other young intellectuals followed their footsteps.after the war,it was only natural that hopeful young writers,their minds and pens inflamed against war,Babbittry,artistic center(para.7)metonymy pens象征年轻作家们的作品，而Babbitt try指的是美国小说巴比特中主人公的特征。As it become more and more fashionable throughout the country for young persons to defy the law and the conflagration of“flaming youth”,it was Greenwich village that fanned the flames.(para.8)metaphor 此处运用了暗喻，分别将年轻人的反叛和种种叛逆行为比作了一场大火和助燃的小火柴。Before long the movement had become officially recognized by the pulpitimplied promise that their owners would be rendered sexually irresistible.(para.8)metonymy 作者使用pulpit来指代教堂，属于转喻。该句在讲这场反叛大潮是如何从教堂、影视作品和杂志读物上获得正式承认的。Younger brothers and sisters of the war generation,who had been playing with marbles and dolls during the battles of Balleau Wood and Chateau-Thierry play with the toys of vulgar rebellion.(para.8)metaphor 此处运用了暗喻，将“反叛”比作“玩玩具”。An important book rather grandiosely entitled Civilization in the United States,written by“thirty intellectuals”under the editorship of,was the rallying point of sensitive persons disgusted with American.(para.9)metaphor 此处运用了暗喻，将美国的文明一书比作聚集点。,but since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint and ring of the dollar,there was little remedy for the sensitive mind but emigrate to Europe where“they do things better.”(para.9)personification metonymy exaggeration 此处美国拟人为有视听能力的人，并运用转喻这一修辞，用美元的闪烁和叮当声代指金钱的魅力。此外，作者还使用了夸张的手法，指代整个国家除了能看到钱，对其他一概视而不见。