北师大版英语七年级上册核心素养全解UNIT1-4.docx

核心素养全解思维开放全面开展了解“姓名”背后的秘密素养解读我们在学习英语的时候，最先接触到的就是与英美人的“姓氏”和“名字”有关的 文化。英语中有如下几种“name”。family name/last name 姓氏given name/first name 名字full name 全名middle name中间名（通常省略）英美人的姓和名的排列顺序是“名在前，姓在后”，这一点和中国的姓名顺序相反。如 James Bond （詹姆斯邦德）中，James是名字，Bond是姓氏。在考试中会出现一些和“姓名”有关的考题，它们可以以单项选择的形式出现，也可以 以完成句子的形式出现。典例剖析例（2019 北京人大附中期中）The boy full name is DaleMiller. Miller is his name.A. givenB. lastC. firstD. middle解析对于Dale Miller这个名字来说，Miller是他的"姓氏"，即last name或family name, 故答案为B。答案BUnit 1 Family思维导图Getting Ready & Lesson 1 Photos of Us教材知识全解讲透知识查漏补缺知识点一 when引导的时间状语从句教材原文 When we call him, he runs to us.当我们叫它的时候，它就向我们跑过来。本句是含有时间状语从句的主从复合句，主句是“he runs to us"，从句是“we call him”，when是连词，意为“当时候”，用来引导时间状语从句。When my mother smiles at me, I feel happy.当我妈妈对我微笑的时候，我觉得很开心。例（2015 天津中考）the dinner was all over,everyone helped wash the dishes.A. HowB. WhenC. BeforeD. Why解析句意：当晚餐完全结束的时候，每个人都帮助洗餐具。结合此题语境可知，这里所缺的 是连词When,应选B。答案B知识点二same的用法和搭配We all love him.我们都爱他。Please listen to me.请听我说。The girl in the photo is me.照片里的女孩是我。例 1 （2019 北京通州区期中）Liu Mei mother is a doctor.works in a hospital.A. SheB. HeC. ItD. I解析根据设空处前的“Liu Mei's mother”可知，所缺的词是She,故答案为A。答案A例 2 （2019 广西北部湾经济区中考）Look! The woman overthere is our teacher. She teaches English.A. usB. themC. herD. him解析此题考查人称代词的宾格。句意：看！那边的那位女士是我们的老师。她教我们英语。 此处所缺的词是us “我们”，故答案为A。答案A二、冠词冠词包括不定冠词（a, an）和定冠词（the）。它们的用法如下：1 .不定冠词的用法This is a magazine.这是一本杂志。An owl can see in the dark.猫头鹰在黑暗中能看见东西。They play basketball once a week.他们每周打一次篮球。We will have a good time.我们会玩得很开心。注意有些词虽然以辅音字母开头，但其前的不定冠词仍然用an,那是因为开头的辅音字母 不发音。如hour （«.小时）;honest （a办老实的）。It usually takes me half an hour to get to school.我通常花费半个小时到学校。He is an honest boy.他是一个老实的男孩。例（2019 湖南益阳中考）Mr. Brown has eight-year-old daughter. She is very lovely.A. aB. anC. the解析此题考查不定冠词的用法。句意：布朗先生有一个八岁的女儿。她很可爱。表示“一个； 一位”的概念时要用不定冠词，eight-year-old是以元音音素开头的词，其前应用冠词an,故 答案为B。答案B2 .定冠词的用法定冠词the表特指，它的基本用法如下：表特指，指双方都知道或上文提到的人或物Do you like the magazine?你喜欢那本杂志吗？用在单数可数名词之前，表示某一类人或物The horse is a useful animal.马是一种有用的 动物。用布世界上独一无二的事物之前the sun 太阳；the moon 月亮；the earth 地球用在形容词和副词的最高级之前She is the tallest girl in my class. 她是我们班个子最高的女孩。用在序数词之前，表示顺序my first English lesson我的第一节英语课用在表示西洋乐器的名词之前Can you play the piano?你会弹钢琴吗？用在某些形容词之前，表示“某一类人”the rich 富人；the young 年轻人用在表示海洋、河流、山脉或国家的专有名词之前the United States 美国;the Mississippi密西西比河用在一些固定搭配或习惯表达中all the time 一直，总是；at the moment目前，现在例(2019 湖北黄石中考)Bill bought useful book.book is very interesting.A. a;TheB. a;A C. an;TheD. an;A解析此题考查冠词的用法。句意：比尔买了一本有用的书。那本书很有趣。useful虽然以元 音字母开头，但却不是以元音音素开头的，其前的不定冠词要用a；第二次提到那本书的时 候要用定冠词the,故答案为A。教材练习答案一览无余规范答题Communication Workshop 参考答案Exercise 1 (P32)Emma:musicLinda:short； basketballGrandma: foodGrandpa:computer gamesExercise 2 (P32)1 .He likes sports.2 .Yates.3 .She is good at cooking.4 .1t,s a computer game.Check Your Progress 参考答案Exercise A (P34)1 .grandpa 2.grandma 3.aunt 4.dad 5.cousin 6.sisterExercise B ( P34 )7.aunt 8.mum 9.grandma 10.uncleExercise C ( P34 )1 l.talll 2.old 13. sports 14.balls 15.oldExercise D ( P34 )Exercise E (P34)Across Culturesl 参考答案Exercise X (P35).Baker 2.Lisha 3.Huang 4.Patricia 5.BakerExercise 2 (P35).Given name:Bill； Family name:Gates1 .Given name:William； Family name:Shakespeare.Given name:Xiang； Family name:Liu2 .Given name:Yimou； Family name:Zhang核心素养全解思维开放全面开展不同的国家有不同的生日习俗素养解读本单元Lesson 3的标题是“Happy Birthday!”。每个孩子都很向往过生日，不同的 国家有不同的生日习俗。比方，美国的孩子过生日通常会吃生日蛋糕(birthday cake)，中国 的孩子过生日通常会吃长寿面(noodles)。当你收到他人的生日祝福时，要向对方表示感谢。在考试中会有一些题目以“生日”为设题背景，考查的是交际用语或单词拼写等方面的 内容。典例剖析例(2020 四川成都金牛区期末)一Frank, my birthday partyis Sunday evening. Can youcome?一OK, great. See you!A. inB. onC. at解析此题语境和“生日”有关，考查的是介词的用法。根据设空后的“ Sunday evening"可 知，所缺的介词是。n,故答案为B。答案BUnit 2 School Life康奈尔笔记笔记栏话题：学校设施;学校生活；文具用品；课程 安排功能:表达请求与提供帮助Getting Ready： life, map, useLesson 4: notebook, ready, heavy, take, out, CD Lesson 5: direction, help, ask, borrow, carry, check, find, sure, then, lend, classmate, homework Lesson 6: quarter, past, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday, when, next, lesson, first, sorry, wait, start, club, July, chess, practice Communication Workshop: funnybe ready for, what classes, have English class, take out, help with sth., ask sb. a question, give sth. to sb., half past nine, a quarter past eight, how many, on Friday, ask sb. to do sth., in the afternoon, excuse mel.Are you ready for school, Jiaming? 2.What do you have?3 .Well, I have my pencil case, my English dictionary, my science book, my Chinese book and my notebooks.4 .What classes do you have today? 5.1 don't have my history book.6 .You don't have English class today.7 .一Does Jiaming have his Chinese book? 一Yes, he does.8 .Can you help me?了解本单元的话题和功能掌握本单元重点单词的读音、写法、含义和用法掌握本单元重点短语，并能熟练造句理解本单元重点句型，并能结合本单元话题 熟练运用这些句型一、have/has 的用法掌握本单元的核心语法二、时间介词in, on, at的用法听:能够听懂以学校生活为话题的听力材料说:能够谈论、表达学校生活读:能够读懂以学校生活为话题的语篇写:能够写一篇短文，介绍自己或他人的学校生活能够结合本单元话题实现在听、说、读、写方面的语言能力目标总结栏本单元的话题和“学校生活”有关，我们会接触到许多和“学校生活”有关的词汇或短语, 如notebook, pencil case, lesson等。核心语法有have/has和时间介词in, on, at的用法。易 混点有excuse me和sorry, look for和find以及borrow, lend和ke叩 的区别。其中，时间 介词以及borrow, lend和keep的区别是常考点。Getting Ready & Lesson 4 School Things教材知识全解讲透知识查漏补缺知识点一 be ready for的固定搭配教材原文Are you ready for school, Jiaming?你准备好上学了吗，家明？be ready for是固定搭配，意为“为做准备”，其中ready是形容词，意为“准备好 的”。We are ready for the exam.我们为考试做好准备了。拓展ready还有“乐意的”之意，be ready to do sth.意为“乐意做某事”。We are ready to help you.我们很乐意帮助你。例（2019安徽中考）根据首字母和汉语意思写出所缺的单词My English teacher is always r （准备好的）with advicefor our study and life.解析此题考查ready的写法。句意：我的英语老师总是准备好给我们一些关于学习和生活方 面的建议。所缺的词是ready ”准备好的二答案ready知识点二what classes引导的特殊疑问句教材原文 What classes do you have today?你今天上什么课？本句是what classes引导的特殊疑问句，意为“什么课”，同what lessons,它们属于“what+ 名词”构成的特殊疑问短语。一What classes does he have on Monday?他周一上什么课？一English, maths and physics.英语、数学和物理。拓展例根据汉语意思完成句子你们周三通常都上什么课？do you have on Wednesday?解析此题考查what classes/lessons的固定搭配。答案 What classes/lessons知识点三take out的固定搭配教材原文I can take out my English dictionary.我可以把我的英语词典拿出来。takeout是固定搭配，意为“拿出；取出二当它的宾语是名词时，该名词可以位于take 和。ut之间，也可以位于takeout之后；当它的宾语是代词时，该代词要位于take和out之 间。Please take out your maths book. = Please take your maths book out.请拿出你知数学书。Where is your maths book? Please take it out.你的数学书在哪里？请把它拿出来。拓展take.out of.从取出；从拿出Take your book out of the bag.从包里拿出你的书。例根据汉语意思完成句子请把你的英语书取出来。Please your English book.解析此题考查take out的固定搭配。答案 take out教材练习答案一览无余规范签题Lesson 4参考答案Exercise 2 (P38)Chinese book； history book； notebooks； pencil case；science bookExercise 5 ( P39 )notebook： 2； exercise book： 3； English book： 1 ； maths book：5； science book： 6； dictionary： 4Exercise 6 (P39),t8.have9.does 10.doesnll.have 12.haveExercise 7 (P39).Do you have a Chinese dictionary in your bag?Yes,I do./NoJ don't.1 .Does your cousin have CDs?Yes,he/she does./No,he/she doesn't.2 .Do your friends have mobile phones?Yes,they do./No,they don't.3 .Does your father have a watch?Yes,he does./No,he doesn't.Exercise 10 (P39)We； sheep； Lee； She； eats； green； evening； she； sleeps； dreamsWorkbook参考答案Exercise 1 (P81)Exercise 2 (P81),Exercise 3 (P81)Exercise 4 (P81)1 .Does Meimei have her exercise book?2 .What classes do you have today?3 .They don't have their English dictionaries.4 .Are you ready for school?5 .Liu Bin doesn't have his notebook.6.1 have many things in my schoolbag.I have books, adictionary and a pencil case.Lesson 5 Before Class教材知识全解讲透知识查漏补缺知识点四help的用法教材原文Can you help me?你目旨帮助我吗？help作动词，意为“帮助”。它还可以作名词，意为“帮助；帮助”。She often helps me with English.她经常帮助我学英语。I need your help.我需要你的帮助。拓展 help sb. (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事 help oneself to请随便吃点 with the help of.在某人的帮助下例 Thank you, Lisa. You often help me my homework.A. forB. withC. fromD. to解析根据help sb. with sth.的固定搭配可知答案为Bo答案B知识点五give和双宾语的搭配教材原文Just give them to me就把它们给我吧。give作动词，意为“给”，其后可以跟双宾语,give sb. sth.同give sth. to sb.,意为“给 某人某物"，其中sb.是间接宾语，sth.是直接宾语。Please give me the book. = Please give the book to me.请把那本书给我。注意当sth.是代词时，只能用give sth. to sb.的结构。V Please give them to me.X Please give me them.例根据汉语意思完成句子请把这些书给迈克。Please these books Mike.解析此题考查give sth. to sb.的固定搭配。答案 give; to易错易混全解比照辨析跳出陷阱1 excuse me 和 sorry 全练版 P27excuse me用来引起别人注意，也是表达礼貌的客套用语，可译为“对不起;请问；打 扰了；劳驾”等，它适用于需要打搅别人时。sorry是最普通的抱歉用语，表示因自己的过失向对方 致歉，还可以表达自己的 遗憾之情。Excuse me. Where is No. 1 Middle School?打搅一下，第一中学在哪里？Excuse me. Are you Miss Wang?请问，你是王小姐吗？I'm sorry. Tm late for class对不起。我上课迟到了。一My mother is ill.我妈妈病 了。I'm sorry to hear that.得知这件事我很难过。例（2020山东青岛期中四区联考）一, where is mylD card?,1 don't know.A. Hi； Excuse meB. Sorry； Excuse meC. Hello； SorryD. Excuse me； Sorry解析此题考查excuse me和sorry的区别。句意：打搅一下，我的身份证在哪里？对不起，我不知道。第一空要用Excuse me,它的含义是“打搅一下，劳驾”;第二空要用Sorry, 表达遗憾，故答案为D。答案D2 look for 和 find 全练版 P27look for意为“寻找”，侧重“找”的动作。find意为“找到"，侧重“找”的结果。Fm looking for my keys.我正在找我的钥匙。I can't find my keys.我找不到我的钥匙了。例(2019 甘肃兰州中考)一Can I help you, sir?一Yes, please. I am a blue T-shirt.A. looking up B. looking forC. looking after D. looking through解析此题考查look短语。根据此题语境可知，“我”正在“寻找” 一件蓝色的T恤，looking for符合题意。答案B3 borrow, lend 和 keep 全练版 P27borrow表示“借；借入；借来”,通常和from搭配，表示“从借来lend表示“借出；借给”,通常和to搭配。lendsb.sth.=lendsth.tosb.把某物借给某人。keep表示“（长时间）借用”要用延续性的动词keep。I want to borrow some money from you.我想从你那里借一些钱。I can9t lend my bike to you/you my bike.我不能把我的自行车借给你。You can keep these books for two weeks.这些书你可以借两个星期。例一I can't find my wallet. Can you me somemoney?一OK. Here you are.A. borrow B. lendC. ke叩D. lose解析根据此题语境可知，说话人说的是“你能借给我一些钱吗？ "，lend意为“借给”，故答 案为B。答案B教材练习答案一览无余规范答题Lesson 5参考答案Exercise 1 (P40)2 .help with his homework 3.directions 4.a dictionaryExercise 2 (P40)Exercise 3 (P40)a.Ben； MrsWintersb.Greg； Sarac.Lu Qi； Lucyd.Kate； AlexExercise 5 (P41)b.borrowb.answerExercise 8 (P41)sister； sits； miss； his； England； in； busyExercise 9 (P41)seventy； busy； happy； veryWorkbook参考答案Exercise 1 (P82)Exercise 2 (P82)Exercise 3 (P82)Exercise 4 (P82)l.Can I borrow your notebook?2.1 can lend my pen to you./I can lend you my pen.3 .Can I ask you a question ?4 .Let me help you.5.1 can't find the pencil case.6.That teacher can answer your questions.Lesson 6 A School Day教材知识全解讲透知识查漏补缺知识点六how many引导的特殊疑问句教材原文 How many English classes do they have a week?他们一周上多少节英语课？本句是由how many引导的特殊疑问句，howmany意为“多少”，后跟可数名词的复数 形式，how many English classes意为“多少节英语课”。一How many students are there in your class?你们班有多少名学生？一Fifty .五十名。辨析how many和how much的区别：教材原文My cousin Anna is the same age as me.我的表妹安娜和我同岁。the sameas意为“和样"，其中same是形容词，意为“相同的”。He is the same age as his wife.他和他妻子同岁。They love the same things.他们喜欢相同的东西。拓展反义词:different不同的My shoes are different from yours.我的鞋和你的不同。例 Lily is wearing the same dress her sister does.A. forB. ofC. asD. with解析根据the sameas的固定搭配可知答案为Co答案C知识点三age的含义和用法教材原文My cousin Anna is the same age as me.我的表妹安娜和我同岁。age作名词,意为“年龄”。一What's your sister's age?你妹妹多大了 ？一She is eight years old 她八岁 了。拓展询问某人的年龄时可以用“What's one's age?”，它和“How old+be+主语？”是同义表达。What's his age? = How old is he?他多大了 ？例How old is the girl?（改为同义句）the girfs?解析此题考查How old引导的特殊疑问句和“ What，s one's age?”的同义转换。答案 What's; age知识点四行为动词的一般现在时教材原文She likes to write, sing and dance.她喜欢写字、唱歌和跳舞。本句是行为动词的一般现在时的句式，主语是She,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。She likes reading books.她喜欢读书。拓展行为动词的一般现在时的句式变化:肯定句主语+行为动词/行为动词第二人称单数+其他.否认句主语+don't/doesn't+动词原形+其他.一般疑问句Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他？一般疑问句的肯定回答Yes,主语+do/does.一般疑问句的否认回答No,主语+don't/doesn't.He likes swimming.他喜欢游泳。He doesn like swimming.他不喜欢游泳。一Does he like swimming?他喜欢游泳吗？how many意为“多少”，后跟可数名词的复数形式，对可数名词的量进行提问。how much意为“多少”，后跟不可数名词，对不可数名词的量进行提问。意为“多少钱”，对价格进行提问。How many friends do you have?你有多少个朋友？How much water do you need?你需要多少水？How much is the T-shirt?这件 T 恤多少钱？例（2020 广东广州越秀区期中）一 is a ticket for thefilm Harry Potter?一About twenty yuan.A. How old B. How many C. How often D. How much解析根据答语“大约二十元”可推断，问句的句意为“电影哈利波特的票多少钱一张？ ”。how much对价格进行提问，故答案为D。答案D知识点七when引导的特殊疑问句教材原文When do they have music class?他们什么时候上音乐课？本句是when引导的特殊疑问句，该句的结构是“Whendo/does+主语+行为动词+其他？”, 意为“某人什么时候做某事?”，when是特殊疑问词，意为“什么时候”，用来对时间进行提 问。一When do you have the party?你们什么时候举办聚会？At five o'clock in the afternoon.下午五，点。例（2019北京房山区期末）一 is your birthday?一It's on July 28th.A. WhyB. WhereC. HowD. When解析根据答语“在7月28日”可知，所缺的特殊疑问词是When,故答案为D。答案D知识点八why引导的特殊疑问句教材原文Why does Sun Li ask Tom to wait?孙丽为什么要汤姆等？本句是why引导的特殊疑问句，该句的结构是“ Whydo/does+主语+行为动词+其他?”, 意为“某人为什么做某事？ "，why是特殊疑问词，意为“为什么”，对原因进行提问，答语 要用because来引导。一Why do you like swimming?你为什么喜欢游泳？Because it makes me healthy.因为它使我健康。例（2017 北京中考）一 did you stop playing?Because I was tired.A. HowB. WhyC. WhenD. Where解析此题考查特殊疑问词的用法。根据答语“因为我累了 ”可推断，所缺的特殊疑问词是Why。 答案B知识点九wait的用法和搭配教材原文Oh,sorry Tom, can you wait?哦，对不起，汤姆，你能等一下吗？(听力原文) wait作动词，意为“等;等候”，是不及物动词，其后假设跟宾语，要用waitfor。Please wait for me at the gate.请在大门 口等我。例根据汉语意思完成句子你姐姐正在公共汽车站等你。Your sister is you at the bus stop.解析此题考查waitfor的固定搭配。该短语意为“等待”；该句的时态是现在进行时，故答案 为 waiting for。答案 waiting for知识点十practice的用法和搭配教材原文football practice足球练习practice作名词，意为“练习，是不可数名词，没有复数形式。You need a lot of practice.你需要大量的练习。拓展practice还可以作动词，意为“练习"。practice doing sth.意为“练习做某事"，practice后 假设跟动词，只能跟动名词。practice是美式英语中“ v.练习”的写法，在英式英语中的写法 是 practise oShe practises/practices playing the piano every day.她每天练习弹钢琴。例 My mother wants me to practice the violin everyday, but I have too much homework todo.A. playB. playsC. to playD. playing解析此题考查practice doing sth.的固定搭配。该短语意为“练习做某事”，故答案为D。答案D教材练习答案一览无余规范答题Lesson 6参考答案Exercise 1 (P42)6:55-five to seven 7:00-seven o'clock 8:15-a quarter past eight9:30-half past nine 10:15一a quarter past ten 11:10-ten past elevenExercise 2 (P42)science； English； Chinese； PE； maths； historyExercise 3 (P42)1.Six.2.At 2:20 on Tuesday and Thursday.3.At8:50.4.Because she doesn't have a pen.Exercise 4 (P43)1 .past 2.past 3.to 4.toExercise 5 (P43)in； on； atExercise 6 (P43)Exercise 8 (P43)Workbook参考答案Exercise 1 (P83)!.Sunday2.Monday3.Tuesday4. Wednesday5.Thursday 6.Friday 7.SaturdayExercise 2 (P83)1.7:452.10:053.3:304.10:40Exercise 3 (P83)l.on 2.on 3.in 4.at 5.in 6.at 7.onExercise 4 (P83)1 .Mark 2.1:453.9:004.in her maths classExercise 5 (P83).We have maths this afternoon.1 .When do you have geography class?2 .What's the next class?4.1 have history at two o'clock in the afternoon.5.The school is over at half past three on Friday afternoon.6.1 have five maths classes a week.Communication Workshop教材知识全解讲透知识查漏补缺知识点Hfunny的用法教材原文He，s really funny!他真的很好笑！funny作形容词，意为“好笑的；滑稽的；有趣的This joke is really funny.这个笑话真的很好笑。He is a funny person.也是一个有趣的人。拓展同根词：fun机乐趣（hav