英语语法填空解题技巧幻灯片.ppt

英语语法填空解题技巧第1页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二.语法填空题语法填空题空格设计空格设计纯空格纯空格有有提提示示词词给出了动词的试题给出了动词的试题词类词义转换题词类词义转换题谓语动词，非谓语动词谓语动词，非谓语动词,词类转换词类转换名词，形容词，副词，名词，形容词，副词，形容词或副词的比较级形容词或副词的比较级或最高级或最高级介词，连词，代词，冠词，介词，连词，代词，冠词，从句引导词，情态动词，从句引导词，情态动词，强调助动词等强调助动词等第2页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二有提示词的语法填空有提示词的语法填空一、给出了动词的试题的解题技巧一、给出了动词的试题的解题技巧第3页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二（一）（一）句中没有谓语，或者虽然已有谓语动词，句中没有谓语，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的词与已存在谓语但需填的词与已存在谓语主语一致主语一致，且中间有，且中间有并列并列或或转折转折连词连词时，需填的词则是谓语动词时，需填的词则是谓语动词,就要就要考虑考虑时态时态和和语态语态，时态考虑要瞻前顾后，同时还，时态考虑要瞻前顾后，同时还要兼顾要兼顾主谓一致，虚拟语气主谓一致，虚拟语气。例例1.The first card _(design)by J.C.Horsley as a commercial endeavor.was designed 第4页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二例例2.That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation,_(close)my book and walked away.closed 例例3.All over the world,people move from place to place.More and more people_(leave)towns and farms to move to cities.This movement(move)to cities is called urbanization.are leaving 第5页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二例例4.Smaller cars are just one of the directions that the car industry is taking.Also the industry _(produce)cars that pollute less and have a less harmful effect on the environment these days.is producing第6页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二例例5.Nobody knows what _(happen)if she had refused to pay.would have happened例例6.His fear of failure kept him from classroom games that other children _(play)with joyous abandon.played第7页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二例例7.The happiest(happy)of people dont necessarily(necessary)have the best of everything;they just make the most of everything that _(come)along their es例例8.The country life he was used to _（change）greatly since the opening policy.has changed第8页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二例例9.The international agreement,intended to encourage children not to smoke and _ (help)people kick the habit,_ (sign)on February 27 last summer.helpwas signed第9页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二（二）（二）：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用谓语动词就要确定用 doing形式，形式，done形式，形式，还是还是 to do 形式。非谓语的形式一定要考虑形式。非谓语的形式一定要考虑它它与其逻辑主语之间与其逻辑主语之间 的关系。的关系。第10页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二例例10.but it is not enough only _(memorize)rules from a grammar book.to memorize 例例11._(speak)out your inner feeling wont make you feel ashamed,on the contrarySpeaking 技巧技巧1 1：作主语或宾语时，通常用作主语或宾语时，通常用doing/being done形式表示习惯或一般情况；形式表示习惯或一般情况；用用to do/to be done形式表示具体情况或将来；用形式表示具体情况或将来；用having done/having been done表示已发生。表示已发生。第11页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二例例12._(complet)the project as planned,well have to work two more hours a day.To complete 例例14.Some people say that oldest children,who are smart and strong-willed,are very likely _(success).to succeed 技巧技巧2：作目的状语或者在固定结构中，一般作目的状语或者在固定结构中，一般用用to do形式形式。例例13.The young student did all that he could _(pass)the examinations.to pass第12页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二例例15.He saw the stone,_(say)to himself:“The night willl be very dark.”例例16.The headmaster went into the lab,_(follow)by the foreign guests.saying 技巧技巧3 3：分词作伴随状语，原因状语，条件状分词作伴随状语，原因状语，条件状语等时，要看它与逻辑主语的关系确定形式。语等时，要看它与逻辑主语的关系确定形式。与句中主语句中主语是主动主动关系使用现在分词现在分词；与句中主语句中主语是被被动动关系使用过去分词过去分词。followed 第13页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二例例17.There will be a meeting,_(start)later this year to review the film.learned 技巧技巧4 4：分词做后置定语也要看它与被修饰词之分词做后置定语也要看它与被修饰词之间的关系确定形式。间的关系确定形式。与所修饰的名词所修饰的名词是主动主动关系使用现在分词现在分词；与所修饰的名词所修饰的名词是被动被动关系使用过去分词过去分词。starting 例例18.Lessons_(learn)in sports can help us in our dealing with other people.第14页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二例例19.At 9:07pm,Sept.25,The Shenzhou VII spacecraft was lifted by the long March-F carrier rocket into space.The launch of the Shenzhou VII is Chinas third manned space venture since October 23,when it joined Russia and the United States as the only countries _(send)astronauts itno space.技巧技巧5 5：名词前有名词前有 first,second,last,only修修饰时，后面要用饰时，后面要用to do /to have done 做后置定语。做后置定语。to have sent the only第15页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二例例20.Mr.Green was disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _（repair）go wrong again.技巧技巧6 6：固定结构如：固定结构如：have sth.done,the way to do 等。等。repaired例例21.Can you tell me the way you thought of _ (work)out the problem.to work第16页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二巩固练习1.I was delighted and was about to accept her proposal when she suggested we first 38_ (go)to the West Lake and walk along the Broken Bridge.2.Peter _(leave)for London on business upon my arrival,so I didnt see him.3.I have to go to work by taxi because my car _(repair)at the garage.4.I went down there,_(pay)my penny and got a receipt.paidis being repairedhad leftgo第17页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二5.There,40_(place)neatly beside the empty dish,were two nickels and five penniesher tip!6.I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left 40_(complete)the test!7.My pupils,40_(include)Donnie,adored her.8.It remains _(see)whether Jim will be fit enough to play in the finals.to completeplacedto be seenincluding第18页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二（三）词类转换题的解题技巧（三）词类转换题的解题技巧第19页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二 例1 The youngster immediately fell _(silence)as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.例2 In a _(danger)part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand,they learnt to例3 Teachers must try their best to make most of their students _(interest)in the subject.silent技巧技巧1：作表语、定语或补语，通常用：作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形容词形式。形式。dangerousinterested词类转换题要先确定所要填的单词在词类转换题要先确定所要填的单词在句中的句中的成分成分。第20页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二 例4 When Chinas ancient scientific and technological _(achieve)are mentioned,the nation will generally refer to the Four Great Inventions.例5 instructors expect students to be familiar with _(inform)in the reading例6 With the large numbers of students,the _(operate)of the system does involve a certain amount of activity.achievementsinformationoperation技巧技巧2 2：作主语，或在及物动词或介词后作宾语，：作主语，或在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用用名词名词形式。形式。技巧技巧3：在形容词性物主代词后，：在形容词性物主代词后，或者在或者在“冠词冠词(+形容词形容词)”后，用后，用名词名词形式。形式。第21页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二 例7 As I looked 32 (close)at this girl,I found that 例8 There must be something 40_ (serious)wrong with our society.例9Singles are flocking(涌向)to the Internet 33 (main)because their busy lifestyles leave them little time closelymainlyseriously技巧技巧4：修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，：修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用作状语，用副词副词形式。形式。第22页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二例10 People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is:no knowledge is _(use).例11 Your mistake caused a lot of _(necessary)work in the office.uselessunnecessary技巧5：词义转换题。词类不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-,im-，il-,ir-，in-,non-,dis-等，在词根后加-less等。第23页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二技巧技巧6 6：括号中所给词为动词时，也不一定是考动词的时：括号中所给词为动词时，也不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词，态语态或非谓语动词，有可能考有可能考词类转换词类转换；若是形容词或副词，有可能考查；若是形容词或副词，有可能考查其其比较级或最高级比较级或最高级。例12there was a lot of information about the citys well-known tourist35_(attract)例13The other frog went on jumping as hard as he couldHe jumped even 36_ (hard)and finally made himself out.attractionharder第24页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二词类转化题巩固练习1.“Thirty-five cents,”she said 36_(rude).2.One of the 33_(bad)gift choices I had ever made was for my high school English teacher 3.39_ (fortunate),I then noticed that I had just only 10 minutes left.!4.It was his 32_(nine)year of school and his academic career seemed to be in ruins,so I was angry.5.As far as I am concerned,my 37_(suggest)is that we should always have a notebook.6.It would be _ (believe)that such an honest man should have betrayed his friends.ninthrudelyworstsuggestionUnfortunatelyunbelievable第25页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二 His teacher took a deep drink，smiled _ (warm)，and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.warmlyBut Jane knew from past experience that her _(choose)of ties hardly ever pleased her father.choice This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _ (nature)course.natural第26页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二根据语义根据语义,确定词确定词形形分析句子分析句子,确定词确定词性性解题四步走解题四步走提示：四步走归根到底提示：四步走归根到底其实就是其实就是寻找依据寻找依据每一个语法填空的空格每一个语法填空的空格里所需的单词或短语其里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在实都可以在所在的所在的句子中或者上下句子中或者上下文中文中找到它的依据找到它的依据通读全文通读全文,理解大意理解大意总结提升总结提升总结提升总结提升检查搭配检查搭配,前后连贯前后连贯第27页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二 When I was growing up I do not recall hearing the words“I love you”from my father.When your father never says _ to you when you are a child,it gets tougher and tougher for him _(say)those words as he gets _(old).To tell you the truth,I could not honestly remember _ I had last said those words to him either.I decided to set my ego aside and make the first move._ some hesitation,in our next phone conversation I blurted out the words,“Dad I love you!”Pasage Practice themto sayolderAfterwhen第28页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二 There was a silence at the _ end and he _(awkward)replied,“Well,same back at you!”I laughed and said,“Dad,I know you love me,and when you are ready,I know you _(say)what you want to say”will sayawkwardlyother第29页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二 A few weeks later,Dad concluded our phone conversation _ the words,“Paul,I love you.”I was at work during this conversation and the tears were rolling down my cheeks _ I finally“heard”the love.As we both sat there in tears we realized that this special moment had taken out father-son relationship to a new level.as/becausewith第30页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二语法填空解题技巧语法填空解题技巧（“由大到小由大到小”）1、通读全文、了解大意、把握特征、弄清文脉。通读全文、了解大意、把握特征、弄清文脉。2、巧用已知，巧用已知，连线画图连线画图、降低难度、铺平道路。、降低难度、铺平道路。3、理解句意、分析结构、大胆猜测、各个击破理解句意、分析结构、大胆猜测、各个击破。4、重读全篇、仔细核查、语法正确、语意贯通。重读全篇、仔细核查、语法正确、语意贯通。5、拼写正确、书写规范、大小写准确（注意三写）。、拼写正确、书写规范、大小写准确（注意三写）。第31页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二学习建议学习建议：、掌握单词、词组、掌握单词、词组、懂得分析句子结构、懂得分析句子结构、多听、多说、多读、多写，增强语感、多听、多说、多读、多写，增强语感第32页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二第33页，共33页，编辑于2022年，星期二