中考英语复习初中英语书面表达写作技巧指导复习ppt课件(经典).ppt
书面表达书面表达:是中考英语中的必考是中考英语中的必考题,占卷面总分的题,占卷面总分的10%,分值,分值为为15 分分。中考英语中考英语作文作文评分标准评分标准一档一档13-15分分 包含包含所有所有要点,应用了要点,应用了较丰富较丰富的语言结构和词汇,的语言结构和词汇,用词准确、语法正确、句子通顺、行文连贯、表达清楚,具有用词准确、语法正确、句子通顺、行文连贯、表达清楚,具有较较强强的语言运用能力。的语言运用能力。二档二档10-12 分分 基本包含基本包含所有要点,应用了所有要点,应用了较丰富较丰富的语言结构和的语言结构和词汇,句子较通顺,表达较清楚,但有词汇,句子较通顺,表达较清楚,但有少量少量错误。错误。三档三档7-9分分 内容包含了内容包含了多数多数要点,语言表达过于要点,语言表达过于简单简单,句子,句子不够不够通顺,有部分语言错误,基本上不影响总体理解。通顺,有部分语言错误,基本上不影响总体理解。四档四档4-6分分 只包含了只包含了少数少数要点,语言不规范,句子无条理,行文要点,语言不规范,句子无条理,行文不连贯,语言错误严重,影响理解。不连贯,语言错误严重,影响理解。五档五档1-3分分 只写出与要求的内容相关的一些只写出与要求的内容相关的一些信息词语信息词语,语言,语言错误错误多多。六六档档0分分 空白空白大病指:大病指:单词单词、句子结构句子结构、谓语构成谓语构成、语语 序序、语态、时态等方面;、语态、时态等方面;小病指:小病指:名词单复数名词单复数、第三人称单数第三人称单数、拼写、标点符号、大小写方面。拼写、标点符号、大小写方面。Alice is my a best friend,she come from Canada.she is very tall,hair is very long,he like sports.but I dont know if does she like swim?She likes chinese,and she do well in it,we all very like she.去掉comesShe her shelikes去掉likesswimmingChinesedoes去掉her very muchFor example 1.句型、结构句型、结构-避免出现避免出现Chinglish 现象。现象。We all very like her.We all like her very much.He by bike to school.He goes to school by bike.避免方法:避免方法:多记短语和句型多记短语和句型He walks to school.2 注意语法项目人称一致人称一致:Aliceismybestfriend,helikessports.时态:He has gone to Guilin yesterday.主主谓一致一致:This pair of shoes are mine.The shoes are new.习惯用法用法:He helps me in my English.she去掉去掉iswith4.注意语序注意语序(感叹句,疑问句,宾语从句,倒装句感叹句,疑问句,宾语从句,倒装句)I dont know if does she like swimming。she likes swimming What a nice student is she!she is!She is a student,so I am.so am I5、注意:、注意:重短重短轻长轻长,就易就易避难。避难。以写以写正确、通顺正确、通顺为最基本要求。为最基本要求。2.Mr Tang is the teacher that I like best.1.I have a friend is called Li Ming.去掉 I have a friend,he is called Li Ming.Mr Tang is a teacher,I like him best.Lets practice!常见错误改正:常见错误改正:1.We at school from Monday to Friday.We are at school from Monday to Friday.2.There are some grass or flowers beside the road.There is some grass and flowers beside the road3.I think go to school by bus is the best way.I think going to school by bus is the best way.4.They dont know how to do They dont know what to do it.They dont know how to do it.They dont know what to do.5.They have become teachers for 30 years.They have been teachers for 30 years.6.He teaches our English.He teaches us English.How can we write a good composition?文章的形成过程:文章的形成过程:单词单词 短语,结构短语,结构 句子句子 文章文章可见:可见:句子在书面表达中起着句子在书面表达中起着举足轻重举足轻重的作用,因此,的作用,因此,句子的训练句子的训练成为写文章的必要手段之一。成为写文章的必要手段之一。分析文章的形成过程 方法一方法一:用以前所记忆的短语和结构造句。:用以前所记忆的短语和结构造句。他总是鼓励我们努力学习。他总是鼓励我们努力学习。她的父母不允许她她的父母不允许她 晚上一个人出去。晚上一个人出去。方法二方法二:多记同义句和同义词。多记同义句和同义词。他还没到上学的年龄。他还没到上学的年龄。He is so young that he cant go to school.He is such a young boy that he cant go to school.He is too young to go to school.He isnt old enough to go to school.He always encourages us to work hard.encourage sb to do sthsothat-such-that-tooto-enough-to do sth训练句子的方法:训练句子的方法:Her parents dont allow her to go out by herself at night.allow sb to do sth例如英例如英语九年九年级上有上有这样一句一句话:Im looking forward to this.(仿写仿写1)我正期望着收到你的来信。我正期望着收到你的来信。Im looking forward to hearing from you.(信尾使用)信尾使用)(仿写仿写2)我正期望着你的答复。我正期望着你的答复。Im looking forward to your reply.(仿写仿写3)我期望着暑假的到来。我期望着暑假的到来。I look forward to the summer holiday.方法三:方法三:仿写仿写方法四方法四:遇到难以表达的句子,可另辟蹊径,化难为易,化繁为简。1.我们应该守时2.我们不应该闯红灯(traffic lights)我们应该按时做每件事.当交通灯是红灯时,我们不应该过马路.We should do everything on timeWe shouldnt go across the road when the traffic lights are red.。审:认真审题,找出文章要表达的中心及要求。节约资源,保护环境,从我们身边的小事做起。Li Ming 是一个注重“低碳”生活的中学生,假设你是他,请以“My Low-carbon Life”为题,写一篇80词左右的短文,简单描述自己的“低碳生活”。要点:(1)每天步行上学;(2)离开教室时,关灯、电扇、电视等;(3)不用水时,记得关水龙头,循环使用水;(4)充分使用纸张(5)不使用塑料袋。参考词:on foot,turn off,tap(水龙头),reuse,make full use of,plastic bag 写作要求:(1)内容包括所提供的信息及要点,可适当发挥,但不要逐条翻译;(2)不得透露考生姓名、学校等信息。文章中心:我叫李明(全部考生都叫李明),我的低碳生活要求:1.80词左右2.写作要求(1)(2)列:用简单的句子和短语列出文章的要点.1.I go to school on foot every day./I walk to school every day.2.remember to turn off the lights,the TV and the fans 3.turn off the tap.reuse water.4.I make full use of paper.5.Dont use plastic bags 1.I go to school on foot every day./I walk to school every day.2.I always remember to turn off the lights,the TV and the fans when I leave the classroom.3.When I am not using water,I always turn off the tap.I often reuse water.for example,when I finish washing the clothes,I use the water to clean the floor and water flowers.4.I think saving paper is necessary,so I make full use of paper.5.I use cloth bags instead of plastic bags when I go shopping.为了衔接紧密和避免逐条翻译的嫌疑,可以在适当的地方添加事例或紧密相连的话,然后连成句。加:加首尾,使文章结构完整。可以采用总分总,分总结构。开头和结尾应注意简洁,漂亮,最好采用开门见山的形式,结尾应注意与题目或开头相呼应,并且要扣题有力。My name is Li Ming.I am a middle school student.I like having a low-carbon life.结尾:结尾:Its important for us to protect the environment.Its important for us to live a low-carbon life to protect the environment.开头:开头:(比较)(比较)连:恰当运用连接词,使文章层次清晰,各部分衔接自然。1.When I am not using water,I always turn off the tap.I often reuse water.for example,when I finish washing the clothes,I use the water to clean the floor and water flowers。2.I think saving paper is necessary,so I make full use of paper恰当的连接词恰当的连接词 时间顺序时间顺序 first,second,then,finally/at last,soon,suddenly空间顺序空间顺序 here,there,next to,in front of,at the back of对称顺序对称顺序 on one hand,on the other hand转折顺序转折顺序 but,however,though因果顺序因果顺序 because,as,thanks to,as a result(of)条件条件if,unless递进顺序递进顺序 whats more,besides,插入语插入语I think,Im afraid,you know,as we all know 美:写好词句,美化文章。在美:写好词句,美化文章。在有把握的情况下有把握的情况下展示自己展示自己的语言功底。的语言功底。1.I think saving paper is necessary,so I make full use of paper.I make full use of paper because I think saving paper is necessary.2.She can swim,so can I.She can swim,I can swim,too3.He helped an old man who was lost yesterday.He helped an old man yesterday,the old man was lost.betterbetter但要注意但要注意:一般的同学一定要以写写正确正确/通顺通顺的简单句为最基本要的简单句为最基本要求,切勿一味地追求高水平,反而弄巧成拙。特别是第三句,我们求,切勿一味地追求高水平,反而弄巧成拙。特别是第三句,我们班能正确运用定语从句写句子的人不多。班能正确运用定语从句写句子的人不多。查:检查检查1 格式格式是否正确是否正确 2 词汇词汇 是否用对是否用对3是否符合是否符合英语习惯表达英语习惯表达 4时态时态是否正确是否正确5用用主动语态主动语态好还是用好还是用被动语态被动语态好好6标点标点是否用对是否用对 7人称人称是否用对是否用对8主谓是否一致9.名词的单复数等誊:誊写。将检查后的作文整洁 地抄写在横线上 注意:横线就是我们英语作业本的第三条线(基准线),小写字母 都要穿过这条线。卷面整洁不一定加分,卷面潦草一定要扣分。f/g/j/p/q/yMy name is Li Ming.I am a middle school student.I like having a low-carbon life.I go to school on foot every day.I always remember to turn off the lights,the TV and the fans when I leave the classroom.When I am not using water,I always turn off the tap.I often reuse water,for example,when I finish washing the clothes,I use the water to clean the floor and water flowers.I never use plastic bags.I think saving paper is necessary,so I often make full use of paper.Its important for us to live a low-carbon life to protect the environment.a nice head(总总)a nicebody(分)(分)a nice tail(总)(总)how to write a goodcomposition开头开头:开门见山开门见山中间中间结尾结尾:与主题相呼应与主题相呼应 强劲有力强劲有力抓要点抓要点找连接词找连接词造好句造好句连句成段连句成段假设你们班正在开展假设你们班正在开展“争当文明学生争当文明学生”为主题班会的活动,为主题班会的活动,同学们在讨论会上都踊跃发言。请根据下列词汇,以同学们在讨论会上都踊跃发言。请根据下列词汇,以“To be polite students”为题用英语写一篇短文谈谈你的为题用英语写一篇短文谈谈你的看法。字数看法。字数80作左右作左右.要点:要点:1.在校对老师有礼貌;在校对老师有礼貌;2.按时完成作业,不抄别人的按时完成作业,不抄别人的;3.积极参加各种课外活动积极参加各种课外活动;4.在公共场合对人友好在公共场合对人友好,礼待他人礼待他人;5.给老人和带小孩的人让座给老人和带小孩的人让座;6.不乱丢垃圾不乱丢垃圾.提示提示:at school,polite,copy,after-school activities,in public,friendly,for example,on a bus,litter sth about,protect the environment用书面表达七步法写这篇短文。用书面表达七步法写这篇短文。书面表达备考指导书面表达备考指导中考英语复习中考英语复习1命题特点 书面表达是全国各地中考的必考题型,其目的在于考查学生运用各项语法知识、正确进行书面表达的能力以及理解情景提示的内容、抓住要点和中心思想的能力。书面表达分值在15分左右。题型主要有话题作文、看图作文和应用作文三种,其中话题作文和应用作文所占比重较大。2内容特点(1)常见的体裁有:记叙文、描写文、说明文和应用文(包括书信、日记、通知、便条、贺卡、启事、电话留言条)等。(2)题材与生活实际紧密联系,并关注社会焦点、热点问题,体现人文关怀。(3)注重情境设计。书面表达中所设计的情景密切联系现实生活,写作题材源于生活,使学生有话可说,有利于学生写出真情实感,也有利于学生主动性、创造性的发挥。(4)内容要点清楚,表达形式多样,为学生提供更自由的发挥空间。预计2018年中考对书面表达的考查难度会稍有加大,文体以应用作文为主,话题作文和看图作文将有增加的趋势;内容会更加广泛,贴近社会生活。(一)话题作文此类题型通常会给出一定的提示,如中文提示、英文提示、关键词提示、要点提示、首句提示等,要求根据这些提示写一篇完整的短文。有时题目会有一个图表材料,其中包括所有的要点和提示,要求学生抓住要点信息,按一定的主题和体裁进行写作。写作时,应注意以下三点:1认真审题,看清题目中的要求。写书面表达前要认真仔细地阅读有关的提示,弄清试题提供的所有信息,它包含哪些情景、内容和要求,要明确题目有哪些要点,且要点必须齐备。要考虑用哪种体裁,是记叙文、说明文还是议论文;用第几人称来表达;选择什么时态。这样,思路才能条理清晰。2根据提示内容,列出写作要点及每个要点中可能运用到的表达。首先应认真阅读提示内容,列出写作要点,注意不要漏掉所给出的提示内容,同时所给的参考词汇也要全部用上。对于以表格、图表出现的描述进行写作时,要读懂所隐含的信息,分析文章难点,确定如何去写。3紧扣要点,动笔写作。依据写作提纲,完成短文。在写作过程中,要注意句与句、段与段之间的过渡,必要时可适当运用表示转折、因果、并列、比较等关系的连词,使文章过渡平稳、自然流畅。A假如你即将在学校英语兴趣小组的活动中发言,请你用英语写一篇发言稿。要点提示如下:(1)几个月前,奶奶晚饭后去跳广场舞。(2)从那时起,奶奶喜欢上了广场舞。(3)现在,奶奶比以前健康了,有了很多朋友。(4)有些邻居有意见,认为音乐很吵,无法入睡。(5)你认为人们可以跳广场舞,但参 考 词 汇:跳 广 场 舞 do square dancing,(对 某 人)有 意 见 have a complaint(against sb.)要求:(1)词数:80100个。(2)开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。(3)要点齐全,行文连贯,可适当发挥。Boys and girls,Im very happy to speak here and Id like to talk about my grandma.A_few_months_ago,my_grandma_went_to_do_square_dancing_after_supper.Since_then,she_has_been_in_love_with_square_dancing.Now,she_is_much_healthier_than_before.Whats_more,she_has_a_lot_of_friends.However,some_neighbors_have_a_complaint_against_the_people_who_do_square_dancing.They_think_that_the_music_is_so_loud_that_they_cant_fall_asleep_at_night.In_my_opinion,people_can_do_square_dancing_because_it_is_a_good_way_to_keep_healthy.But_they_should_think_about_the_feelings_of_others_and_they_shouldnt_make_a_lot_of_noise.Thats all.Thank you!B良好的习惯成就美好的未来。作为青少年,如何培养良好的习惯呢?请根据以下内容提示以“How to Develop Good Habits”为题写一篇英语短文。词数100左右(开头已给出,不计入总词数)。内容提示:1上课认真听讲,做笔记;2每天按时完成作业;3闲暇时多读课外书籍;4每周锻炼3至4次;5多吃蔬菜、水果,少吃垃圾食品;6补充一至两点良好的习惯,并谈谈它们对身心健康的影响。要求:要点齐全,条理清楚,语句通顺,不要逐字翻译。How to Develop Good HabitsIts very important for us to have good habits.As_teenagers,what_should_we_do?In_my_opinion,we_should_listen_to_the_teacher_carefully_and_take_notes_when_necessary.It_is_a_good_habit_to_finish_the_schoolwork_on_time_every_day.In_spare_time,we_had_better_read_some_books_to_get_more_knowledge.Also,we_should_eat_more_fresh_fruit_and_vegetables_and_less_junk_food.Its_necessary_for_us_to_take_exercise_for_three_or_four_times_a_week.Whats_more,to_get_enough_sleep,go_to_bed_early_and_dont_stay_up_late.Always_remember_to_wash_our_hands_before_meals_to_keep_clean.Exercise_is_fun_and_relaxing.Its_healthy_for_the_mind_and_body.Healthy_lifestyle_helps_us_get_good_grades_and_live_happily.C个人的成长离不开他人的支持。请结合下面的提示词,以“People Who Help Me”为题,写一篇80词左右的短文。分别谈谈老师、家人及朋友曾在哪些方面给予你关心和帮助,你将怎样回报他们。要求:1.条理清楚,书写工整,句式规范,标点符号和大小写使用正确。2文章开头已给出,不计入单词总数。3提示词语:care for,knowledge,encourage,support,difficulty,in the future,study harder(提示词不必全部用上)。People Who Help meDuring these years,I have got lots of help from my parents,teachers and friends.When_I_was_crazy_about_playing_computer_games,my_parents_didnt_blame_me.They_didnt_give_up_helping_me,but_they_still_cared_for_my_study_and_life.When_I_had_difficulty_in_my_study,my_teachers_taught_me_much_knowledge_patiently.When_I_couldnt_get_on_well_with_others,my_good_friends_gave_me_support_and_encouragement.In_the_future,I_should_never_forget_the_help_that_they_have_given_to_me.At_present,I_should_study_harder_in_order_to_make_our_world_more_beautiful.D为了践行社会主义核心价值观,你校学生会决定举办以“文明礼仪伴我行”为主题的英语征文比赛,请你根据以下的要点提示及要求,写一篇英语短文参赛。要点提示:1.尊敬(respect)父母,帮助他们做家务;2对人有礼貌,诚实友好,帮助他人;3不在公共场所大声讲话,不乱扔垃圾;4节约粮食,节约用水。要求:1.短文须包含要点提示中的所有信息(不要逐句翻译),并在此基础上适当发挥;280词左右(短文开头与结尾已给出,不计入总词数)。As a middle school student,we should have good manners.For_example,we_should_respect_our_parents,teachers_and_the_old.We_can_help_with_the_housework_as_often_as_possible.Were_supposed_to_be_polite,honest_and_friendly_to_others_and_help_others_often.In_public,wed_better_not_speak_loudly_or_throw_the_rubbish_around.Last,we_should_save_food_and_water.In a word,good manners can make a difference and lead to a better future.(二)图表作文 看图作文是通过对图片的观察来获取语言素材的,即根据图片呈现的内容,结合所给的汉语提示或英语提示来描述图画的内容,使意思连贯、通顺,并符合图意。写作看图作文时,应注意以下几点。1仔细审题,弄清题目要求,明确写作的中心思想。首先,应将所给的全部图画或图表连贯起来看,明确所给图画展示的是何种情景,并结合汉语或英语的提示,明确图片所要表达的中心内容。2仔细观察图画,确定具体细节要素,列出写作提纲。通常图画表达的是一个完整的故事情节。根据图画及提示内容列出写作要点,再根据列出的要点确定使用哪些词汇、句型或惯用表达法。3明确时态,理解思路,完成表达。根据图片和提示的内容,确定表达应需要哪种时态;依据写作提纲,进一步理顺写作思路,将图与图之间的内在联系运用一定的语言逻辑连接起来,把形象生动的图像信息转化为相应的文字表达,并注意写作过程应详略得当。A你校将开设一些特色课程,学生可根据兴趣进行选择。请根据以下内容提示为学校英文网页写一篇短文,介绍这些课程、提出你建议增设的课程并说明理由。注意:1.参考词汇:模型制作model making2词数80左右(文章开头已给出,不计入总词数)。Students in our school are free to choose some special courses according to their interest.These_courses_will_help_students_relax_themselves_after_school.There_are_many_courses_for_them_to_choose,such_as_English_drama,football,or_model_making.Here_is_more_information.If_you_want_to_improve_your_oral_English,English_drama_may_be_the_first_choice.It_is_a_good_chance_to_practice_not_only_oral_English,but_also_performing_skills.If_you_are_interested_in_football,take_the_football_course.It_is_good_for_your_physical_health.Besides,you_can_learn_more_about_teamwork.What_about_model_making?You_will_be_amazed_by_the_science_world_and_become_interested_in_it.For_my_part,a_painting_course_can_be_added,because_students_like_drawing_so_much.I_hope_these_courses_would_be_helpful_and_each_student_would_enjoy_a_bright_and_colorful_school_life_here!B请根据以下交通事故因素(factors)统计图表,以“Major causes of traffic accidents”为题,用英语写一篇简短的分析报告,向学校英语报投稿。注意:1报告需逐条陈述下面pie chart和bar chart(柱状图)中呈现的主要内容。(至少5点)2提出你对交通安全总的看法。(至少2点)3词数:100词左右,所给标题不计入总词数。Major causes of traffic accidentsNowadays,there_are_always_kinds_of_traffic_accidents_reports_from_newspapers,TV_news_and_so_on.As_a_result,its_important_for_us_to_analyze_the_major_causes.The_followings_are_two_reports:According_to_the_pie_chart,there_are_mainly_three_factors:85%_is_about_driver_factors,5%_is_from_vehicle_factors_and_10%_is_road_environment_factors.Among_them,its_quite_clear_that_the_first_one_is_the_key_point.So_another_bar_chart_points_that_there_are_4_reasons_to_cause_it,including_speeding_which_is_50%,drunk_driving_which_holds_15%,tired_driving_which_is_26%_as_well_as_not_using_seat_belts_which_is_25%.In_my_opinion,everyone_should_keep_in_mind_that_traffic_safety_is_one_of_the_most_ways_in_our_life.At_the_same_time,we_should_try_our_best_to_obey_the_traffic_rules.The_harder_we_try,the_happier_our_life_will_be!C文明社会,从我做起。请就下图的不文明行为和所产生的后果用英语写一篇短文,向校刊English Garden投稿,倡导做文明人。注意:(1)短文必须包括所给图片的信息,合理想象并补全第3幅图片的内容。(2)必须谈谈你对此事的看法。(3)文中不得出现与你身份相关的信息。(4)词数:80100。(文章开头已给出,不计入总词数)参考词汇:果皮 skin,踩在上摔倒 slip on(slipped,slipped),救护车ambulanceLast Sunday afternoon,I went to the park with my cousin.When_we_were_walking_around,we_saw_a_boy_eat_a_banana_and_throw_the_skin_on_the_ground.Just_as_we_were_going_to_pick_it_up,a_man_slipped_on_the_skin.He_was_badly_hurt_and_couldnt_move.We_called_120.Soon_an_ambulance_came_and_took_him_to_the_hospital.It_was_really_bad_of_the_boy_to_do_that!_We_must_say_no_to_this_bad_behaviour.Everyone_should_care_about_his_daily_behaviour_and_follow_the_social_rules_so_that_the_world_will_be_a_better_place.(三)应用作文应用作文在人们的日常生活、工作和学习中运用最为广泛,因此是近几年中考高频书面表达题型之一。它包括书信(明信片)、电子邮件、日记、便条(请假条、留言条、电话记录、贺卡)、通知、启事(失物启事、招领启事、征聘启事)、发言稿等。写作应用文要把握好以下四点:1确定格式英语中书信、电话留言、email等都有一定的书写格式习惯;而发言稿、值日报告、演讲稿等也有较为固定的格式。2确定内容依据内容,列出写作要点,注意不要漏掉所给出的提示内容,同时所给的参考词汇也要全部用上。在语言的使用上,要认真把握。若是写发言稿的话,因为发言稿是面向听众的,所以最好使用大众化的语言,做到简洁明快、条理清楚、观点明确。3确定人称应用文往往采用第一人称的形式。4确定时态应用文在时态的使用方面,多用一般现在时,当然在具体的写作过程中也会涉及到其他的时态,要认真把握好。A美中文化交流中心(ACCEC)暑假将组织学生来华学习、交流,现正在中国招募志愿者,帮助他们学习中文。假如你是扬帆中学的学生李平,请按要求给该项目负责人Mr.Miller写一封申请信。内容包括:1.申请担任志愿者;2说明自己乐于助人、擅长中文;3谈谈学好中文的方法;4参考词汇:volunteer,be good at,improve,culture注意:1.申请信需要涵盖以上所有要点,可适当发挥;2词数:110词左