外研版必修1模块6Grammar.ppt

高一外研版必修一高一外研版必修一Module 6The Internet and TelecommunicationsGrammarLook at these compound words from the modulevKeyboardType1:onewordvCD-ROMType2:twowordswith“-”vMobilephoneType3:twowordsCD-ROMhardwarekeyboardmobilephonehigh-speedcomputersystemsearchenginesoftwarecreditcardtextmessageinternalcallvideocamerainternationalcallDecide what type these words are.CD-ROMhardwarekeyboardmobilephonehigh-speedcomputersystemsearchenginesoftwarecreditcardtextmessageinternalcallvideocamerainternationalcallType1:Type2:Type3:hardkeywebnetnotesoftMake compound words,using words from the boxes.Ex2 P 54boardsitebooktrafficbrowserwarediskwordpadworkhardwarehardboardharddiskkeyboardkeywordwebsitewebbrowsernetworknotebooknotepadsoftwareKeys:1.合成词在英语中比较活跃。合成名词的数合成词在英语中比较活跃。合成名词的数 量很大，可以在句中作主语、宾语等。如：量很大，可以在句中作主语、宾语等。如：Sightseeingtookupthewholemorning.（作作_)主语主语Finallytheyreachedacross-roads.(）(作作_)（观光）观光）十字路口十字路口宾语宾语Smokingisnotallowedduringtake-off.(_)(作作_)飞机的起飞飞机的起飞介词宾语介词宾语合成词常见的构词方法如下：合成词常见的构词方法如下：名词名词：名词名词：Earthworm()earthquake()蚯蚓蚯蚓地震地震形容词名词：形容词名词：shorthand()double-dealer()速记的速记的,速记速记言行不一的人言行不一的人动名词名词：动名词名词：sleepingpills()waiting-room()安眠药片安眠药片候车室候车室动词名词：动词名词：break-water()pick-pocket()防波堤防波堤扒手扒手名词动名词：名词动名词：sun-bathing()hand-writing()日光浴日光浴手写手写动词副词：动词副词：get-together()break-through()聚会聚会突破突破副词名词：副词名词：downfall()outbreak()垮台垮台,堕落堕落爆发爆发另外另外，还有一些其他方式构成的合成名词：还有一些其他方式构成的合成名词：go-between媒人媒人，中间人中间人good-for-nothing无益的无益的，无价值的无价值的by-product副产品副产品touch-me-not含羞草含羞草2.合成形容词很多，多数作定语，有些也合成形容词很多，多数作定语，有些也可作表语可作表语:They helped us to map out a long-term()plan.()长期的作定语Open-air()exercises will do you good.()户外的作定语Are you airsick?()()晕机的作定语He is lively and outgoing.()()外向的作表语合成形容词常见的构此法如下合成形容词常见的构此法如下:形容词形容词+名词名词+-ed:good-tempered()好脾气的好脾气的noble-minded()高贵的高贵的，高尚的高尚的形容词形容词+现在分词现在分词good-looking()长得好看的长得好看的easy-going()容易相处的容易相处的副词副词+现在分词现在分词:hard-working()努力工作的努力工作的far-reaching()深远的，广泛的深远的，广泛的名词名词+过去分词过去分词:state-owned()heart-felt()国有的国有的衷心的衷心的名词名词+现在分词现在分词:peace-loving()epoch-making()爱好和平的爱好和平的开新纪元的开新纪元的副词副词+过去分词过去分词well-known()widespread()著名的著名的传播广的传播广的 名词名词+形容词形容词:duty-free()self-satisfied()免税的免税的自我满足的，自负的自我满足的，自负的kind-hearted()ready-made()好心肠的好心肠的做好的，现成的做好的，现成的 口香糖口香糖被雪覆盖的被雪覆盖的三条腿的三条腿的新建的新建的造纸的造纸的ExerciseTranslatethewordswell-being_has-been_data-bank_creditcard_bystander_chewinggum_snow-covered_three-legged_newly-built_paper-making_幸福，福利幸福，福利过时的人或物过时的人或物数据库数据库信用卡信用卡旁观者旁观者Pluralforms:1.gentleman2.good-for-nothing3.looker-on4.passer-rade-in-armsgentlemengood-for-nothingslookers-onpassers-bycomrades-in-armsPluralforms6.sister-in-law7.mandoctor8.womanteacher9.girlstudent10.boystudentsisters-in-lawmendoctorswomenteachersgirlstudentsboystudents冠词的定义冠词的定义 冠词是置于名词之前、说明名词所表示的人冠词是置于名词之前、说明名词所表示的人或事物的一种虚词。冠词也可以说是名词的或事物的一种虚词。冠词也可以说是名词的一种标志，它不能离开名词而单独存在。一种标志，它不能离开名词而单独存在。冠词有三种：即冠词有三种：即定冠词定冠词(definitearticle)、不定冠词不定冠词 (indefinitearticle)和和零冠词零冠词(zeroarticle)。不定冠词不定冠词有两个形式，一个是有两个形式，一个是a,另一个是另一个是an.a 用在辅音用在辅音(指的是音标不是指字母指的是音标不是指字母)开头开头的词前的词前,an 用在以元音开头的词前。用在以元音开头的词前。auniversity,anumbrella,aEuropean,anexampleaone-actplayanhour不定冠词的基本用法不定冠词的基本用法 泛指某一类人或事物的一个。例如：泛指某一类人或事物的一个。例如：Aboyiswaitingforyou.表示某一类人或事物，相当于表示某一类人或事物，相当于any,例如例如：Ahorseisananimal.用于首次提到的人或物的单数名词前面用于首次提到的人或物的单数名词前面。Anoldcockissittinginatalltree.用于描写自然现象的名词前，表示用于描写自然现象的名词前，表示“一阵一阵”、“一场一场”、“一种一种”等。例如：等。例如：snow-asnow一场雪一场雪shower-ashower一阵暴雨一阵暴雨用在抽象名词之前表示具体介绍：是用在抽象名词之前表示具体介绍：是什么样的人，是什么样的事物。例如：什么样的人，是什么样的事物。例如：Thelittlegirlisajoytoherparents.Heisasuccess.Itisapleasuretoworkwithyou.Hedidmeagreatkindness.Whatagreatsurpriseyougaveme.定冠词的基本用法定冠词的基本用法特指某个或某些人或事物，或指谈话双方特指某个或某些人或事物，或指谈话双方都知道的人或事物，或重复上文提到的人或都知道的人或事物，或重复上文提到的人或事物。例如：事物。例如：Howdoyoulikethefilm?Therewasachairbythewindow.Onthechairsatayoungwomanwithababyinherarms.Thebabyisveryfat.指世界上独一无二的事物。例如指世界上独一无二的事物。例如：Theearthisbiggestthanthemoon,butsmallerthanthesun.thesky;theuniverse;theatmosphere用在单数可数名词之前，表示某一类人或事用在单数可数名词之前，表示某一类人或事物。物。如：如：Thelionismorefiercethanthewolf.ThecompasswasinventedinancientChina.常用在乐器的名称之前。例如：常用在乐器的名称之前。例如：playtheviolin/piano 用在某些专有名词前：在江河、山脉、海用在某些专有名词前：在江河、山脉、海洋、湖泊、群岛的名词之前：洋、湖泊、群岛的名词之前：theChangjiangRiver;theYellowRivertheSaltLake含有普通名词的专有名词之前含有普通名词的专有名词之前theGreatWall;theTangDynasty;theWhiteHouse不加冠词的情况：不加冠词的情况：在大多数专有名词、泛指的抽象名词和物质在大多数专有名词、泛指的抽象名词和物质名词前：名词前：Welovescience.Sheisfondofmusic.在星期、月份、季节或节假日等名词前：在星期、月份、季节或节假日等名词前：NationalDay;NewYearsDay;WomensDay 在称呼语、表示头衔或职务的名词前在称呼语、表示头衔或职务的名词前 Whatswrongwithyou,Uncle?ThisisComradeYang,chairmanoftheStudentsUnion.HereportedthistoMrBlack,headmasteroftheschool.在三餐饭和球类运动、棋类运动的名词前：在三餐饭和球类运动、棋类运动的名词前：Ilikericeforsupper.Letsgoandwatchthemplaychess.Lookatthewords.Weusuallyusethedefinitearticles(the)withthem.Whydoyouthinkthisisnecessary?theInternettheWorldWideWebtheheadteachertheuniversetheworldthesuntheofficiallanguagethemoonthepresidentthecapitalThekey:Becausetheyarealluniquethereisonlyoneofthem.Finish activity 2.Possible Answers:Continents:Asia,Europe,Oceania;America,AntarcticaCountries:China,Argentina,Australia,India,France(exceptions:TheNetherlands,TheNetherlands,TheLebanon)Cities:Beijing,London,NewYork,Sydney,Shanghai(exceptions:TheHague)Pluralanduncountablenounsingeneralstatements:Snowiscold.Gunsaredangerous.Finish activity 3.Choose the correctarticle to complete each question.aatheaa1.Isthere(a/the)computeratyourschool?2.Doyouhave(a/the)lessoninthecomputerroom?3.Canyouaccess(an/the)Internetatschool?4.Haveyougot(a/the)phoneathome?5.Haveyougot(a/the)computerathome?1.Does_headmasterknowhowtouseacomputer?2.Are_computerimportant?3.Canyouaccess_Internetatschool?4.Youneed_softwaretouseacomputer?5._WorldWideWebisfullof_websites.the/the/The/Complete the sentences with the definite article if necessary.Choosethebestanwsers1.InHangzhouMrGreenwassostruckby_beautyof_naturethathestayedforanothernight.A./;/B./;theC.the;/D.the;the2.Manypeoplearestillin_habitofwritingsillythingsin_publicplaces.A.the;theB./;/C.the;/D./;the3.Fiveyearsagoherbrotherwas_universitystudentof_physics.A.a;theB.an;theC.an;/D.a;/CCD4.-Haveyouseen_pen?Ileftitherethismorning.-Isit_blackone?IthinkIsawitsomewhere.A.a;theB.the;theC.the;aD.a;a5.Ilove_historybecauseitgiveus_knowledgeofpastevents.A.the,aB./;aC./;/D.a;theDB6.Summersin_southofFrancearefor_mostpartdryandsunny.A./;aB.the;/C./;/D.the;the7.Idontliketalkingon_telephone;Ipreferwriting_letters.A.a;theB.the;不填不填C.the;theD.waskillingDB8.Jumpingoutof_airplaneattenthousandfeetisquite_excitingexperience.A./;the B./;anC.an;anD.the;the9.-Idontlike_NewYorkatall.-Butthisisnt_NewYorkyouremember.A.the;theB./;theC.the;/D./;aCBFillinblanks_Internetis_biggestsourceof_informationin_world,anditsaccessiblethrough_computer.Thethe/theaThe rules for how to use articles:世界独一二次现，序词形容高级前；世界独一二次现，序词形容高级前；富人伤员按天算，方位乐器影视院；富人伤员按天算，方位乐器影视院；群岛河山江湖海，普专复合姓氏前；群岛河山江湖海，普专复合姓氏前；双知年代击中脸，特指事物及习惯。双知年代击中脸，特指事物及习惯。不用冠词有几点，呼语头衔职务前；不用冠词有几点，呼语头衔职务前；星期月季节假日，专名球类及三餐；星期月季节假日，专名球类及三餐；听音下棋各学科，正午睡觉是习惯；听音下棋各学科，正午睡觉是习惯；名前代词这那限，泛指事物不用冠。名前代词这那限，泛指事物不用冠。1.take/catchsb.bythearm2.hitsb.intheface/onthehead3.woundsb.intheleg4.patsb.ontheshoulderSomething important we should pay attention to when using articles:thePeoplesRepublicofChinatheGreatWalltheUnitedStatesTianAnMenSquareBeiHaiParkBeijingUniversity=theUniversityofBeijingThe用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前。机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前。纯专有名词前一般不用纯专有名词前一般不用the。1.inopenintheopen2.beinhospitalbeinthehospital3.attableatthetable4.gotobedgotothebed5.takeplacetaketheplaceof6.bydaybytheday7.inplaceofintheplaceof8.infutureinthefuture9.inclassintheclass10.insecretinthesecret11.Heisstillinoffice,sohestillhastherighttomakethisbigdecision.Heisstillintheoffice,asthelightinhisofficeison.12.MissTianisinchargeofourclass.ClassoneisinthechargeofMissTian.Thingsofakindcometogether,sodopeopleofamind.Translate:物以类聚，人以群分。物以类聚，人以群分。a=thesameAMr.Smithiswaitingforyououtside.a=acertain=someItisamostusefulbook.most=very1.Whichis_largercountry,Canada2.orAustralia?3.2.-Ifyoudontliketheredcoat,taketheblue4.one.5.-OK,butdoyouhave_biggersizeinblue?6.Thisonesabittightforme.3.Englishis_mostdifficultsubjectto4.learn,butitsnot_mostdifficultone.theaathegobytrain,gobyboat,attable,inhospital,intown,husbandandwife,penandink,fatherandson,dayandnight,handinhand,facetoface，neckandneck，stepbystep，fromtoptobottom，incaseoffire，frommorningtillnight，frombeginningtoend，atnoon/dawn/daybreak/dusk/night/midnight，catchfire，catchsightof，cometopower，takeoffice，Usefulphrasesgivebirthto,intheend,inthemorning(afternoon,evening),thedayaftertomorrow,thedaybeforeyesterday,inthesky(water,field,country),inthedark,intherain,inthedistance,inthemiddleof,onthewhole,intheway,bytheway,gotothetheatre/cinema,on the other hand,in the least,go to thedoctors,atthesametime,ontheradio/phonealittle,afew,alotof,ahundred,athousand,anumberof,apileof,agreatmany,asaresult,asarule,inahurry,inaminute,inaword,inashortwhile,afterawhile,haveacold,haveatry,keepaneyeon,allofasudden,anumberof,dosb.afavor,tellalie,asamatteroffact,ataloss,keepadiary 高考题高考题1.Couldyoutellmethewayto_2.Johnsons,please?3.Sorry,wedonthave_Johnsonherein4.thevillage.2007全国卷全国卷IIA.the;theB.the;a C./;the D.the;/2._walkisexpectedtolastallday,sobring-packedlunch.2007山东卷山东卷AA;aBThe;不填不填CThe;aDA;不填不填BC3.Howabout_Christmaseveningparty?Ishouldsayitwas_success.2007福福建卷建卷A.a;aB.The;aB.C.a;不填不填D.the;不填不填4.Ilookedunder_bedandfound_bookIlostlastweek.2007北京卷北京卷A.the;aB.the;theC.不填不填;theD.the;不填不填BB5.Polarbearslivemostlyon_seaice,whichtheyuseas_platformforhuntingseals.2007湖南卷湖南卷A.a;aB.a;theB.C.不填不填;aD.the;不填不填6.Wehaveeveryreasontobelievethat_2008BeijingOlympicGameswillbe_success.2007江苏卷江苏卷A./aB.the/B.C.theaD.aaCC7.Manypeoplehavecometorealizethattheyshouldgoon_balanceddietandmake_roomintheirdayforexercise.2007江西卷江西卷A.a;/B.the;aC.the;theD./;aA8.In_filmCastAway.TomHanksplays_mannamedChuckNoland.2007陕西卷陕西卷A.a;theB.the;aC.the;theD.a;a9.Howabouttaking_shortbreak?Iwanttomake_call.2007四川卷四川卷A.the；aB.a；theC.the；theD.a;a10.Iwantedtocatch_earlytrain,butcouldntget_ridetothestation.2007天津卷天津卷A.an,theB./,theC.an,/D.the,aBDD11.Ilike_colorofyourskirt.Itis_goodmatchforyourblouse.2007浙江卷浙江卷A.a;theB.a;aC.the;aD.the;the12.GorgecouldntrememberwhenhefirstmetMr.Anderson,buthewassureitwas_Sundaybecauseeverybodywasat_church.2007重庆卷重庆卷A./;theB.the;/C.a;/D./;aB.13.Chrismasis_specialholidaywhenC._wholefamilyaresupposedtogetD.together.2007辽宁卷辽宁卷A.the,theB.a,aC.the,aD.a,theCCDHomeworkFinishtheexercisesaboutgrammarandvocabularyonpage97and98.