2019_2020学年高中英语Unit2Cloningperiod3LearningaboutLanguage课件新人教版选修8.ppt

Period 3Learning about Language.单词拼写1His wife died two years before he r_.2Mary usually eats two l_of bread for breakfast.3 There are too many rules and _(法 规)governing small businesses.4His _(假设)that he would win proved wrong.5She found a job s_after she moved into her new apartment.【答案】1retired2loaves3regulations4assumption5shortly.用适当的连接词填空1Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?Yeah,but I have no idea _he did it;thats one of his favorite universities.2 The notice came around two in the afternoon _the meeting would be postponed.3Modern science has given clear evidence _ smoking can lead to many diseases.4When the news came _the war broke out,he decided to serve in the army.5Is there any possibility _ you could pick me up at the airport?No problem.【答案】1why2that3that4that5That1owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于Have you paid me back the money you owed me yet?你欠我的钱还给我了吗？owe sb sthowe sth to sb欠某人某物owe it to sb that 把归功于某人oweto 把归功于；欠owing tobecause of由于；因为用合适的词填空I owe _to you that I finished my work on time.Was it _ to bad weather that they had to change the schedule of leaving?We owe a great deal _our parents.完成句子他把他的成功归功于努力工作和实践。He_ _ _ _hard work and practice.【答案】itowingtoowed his success to2bother vt.打扰 vi.操心 n烦扰I am sorry to bother you，but can you tell me the time?对不起，打扰了，请问现在几点？bother sb with/about sth因某事打扰或麻烦某人bother to do/doing sth费心去做某事It bothers sb that/to do sth使某人苦恼的是dont bother不用费心了put sb to any bother给某人添乱bother作为抽象的“麻烦，烦扰”讲时为不可数名词，作为“麻烦的人或事”讲时是可数名词。bother指麻烦某人，使某人操心、烦恼，常指为一点小事所“烦扰”，带有稍微抱怨的意味disturb意为“干扰，扰乱”，侧重扰乱某种状态或秩序interrupt意为“打扰，打断”，侧重打断某个活动的进程，使其不能进行下去语法填空Sorry,Im too busy _(bother)about fixing it now.Tom is _bother to his teacher.完成句子你没必要费心去等我。You _me.最使我伤脑筋的是，他似乎对自己的工作毫无兴趣。_is that he seems to take no interest in his work.【答案】to botheraneednt bother to wait forWhat bothers me most3(be)bound to(do)一定或注定(做)Look at the sky.Its bound to rain this afternoon.看看天空，今天下午一定会下雨。Youve done so much work that you are bound to pass the exam.你下了这么大的工夫，你一定会通过这次考试的。be bound(by)负有义务；有责任受约束be bound(for)准备(去)be bound up in 热心于；忙于be bound up with 与有密切关系be bound to sth被束缚于某物；被绑在某物上be bound to do sth一定会；有义务做某事用合适的词填空Their interests were completely bound _in their careers.The question is bound_ come up at the meeting.完成句子三人行，必有我师。Even when walking in the company of two other men,I _learn from them.按照合同规定，你必须在月底前付款。You _before the end of the month.【答案】uptoam bound toare bound by the contract to payDid she die young because she was a clone?因为她是克隆的，所以才早逝了吗？句中形容词句中形容词young作状语，表示主语的状态。作状语，表示主语的状态。形容词(短语)作状语：(1)结构：可以是单个形容词，也可以是形容词短语。形容词短语位于后面作状语，一般要用逗号将其和句子中的其他部分分开；若单个形容词位于后面作状语，往往需要用逗号。(2)位置：通常位于句子主语之前或之后，有时位于句末。(3)作用：一般用于说明主语的状况，可表原因、方式、伴随等。At least they died happy.至少他们去世时很幸福。Every nation,big or small,should be equal.每个国家无论大小，都应平等。语法填空After the long journey,the three of them went back home,hungry and _(tire)_(help),we watched our home destroyed before our eyes.完成句子他安然无恙地从战争中归来。He returned from war，_.【答案】tiredHelplesssafe and sound同位语一、同位语1定义：同位语是句子成分的一种，它位于名词、代词后面，说明它们的性质和情况，它可以由名词、代词、数词、名词性短语或从句充当。2同位语的表现形式：(1)名词、代词、数词等在句中作同位语I lived with my aunt Anna.(名词)我和姨妈安娜住在一起。He wants to buy a shirt,one that is not expensive but nice.(代词)他想买一件衬衫，一件不贵但不错的衬衫。She is the oldest among them six.(数词)她是他们6人中年纪最大的。(2)从句在句中作同位语He told me the news that the president had been murdered.(从句)他告诉我总统被谋杀的消息。3名词短语、形容词短语、动名词短语、不定式短语用作同位语Is this your purpose,to avoid being punished？(不定式短语)逃避处罚，这就是你的目的？Professor Smith,a football fan,often watches football games on TV.(名词短语)史密斯教授是个足球迷，他常常在电视上看足球赛。用同位语改写下列句子Allan Stewart,who is an Australian old man,is the holder of the world record for being the oldest graduate.Allan Stewart,_，is the holder of the world record for being the oldest graduate.AIDS,which has no cure,can always drive people to despair.AIDS,_，can always drive people to despair.Meimei,who is seven years old,has been learning to ride a bike for several days.Meimei,_，has been learning to ride a bike for several days.【答案】an Australian old mana disease without curea sevenyearold girl/a girl of seven二、同位语从句在复合句中用作同位语的名词性从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。常见的这类名词有news,fact,idea,promise,suggestion,order等。同位语从句一般用that，whether引导，也可用连接代词或连接副词引导。1同位语从句的引导词(1)that，whetherthat只起连接作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。whether含有“是否”的意思，但在同位语从句中whether不可以用if替换。He hasnt made the decision whether he will go there.他还没有作出决定是否去那里。(2)连接代词引导同位语从句的连接代词有what,who,whom,whose,which等，它们在引导同位语从句时保留自己的疑问含义，又起连接作用，在从句中主要充当主语、宾语、表语和定语成分。I have no idea what size shoes she wears.我不知道她穿几号的鞋。(3)连接副词引导同位语从句的连接副词有when,where,how,why，它们在从句中主要作状语。We havent yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。2同位语从句的注意事项(1)分隔式同位语从句：有时同位语从句与其解释说明的名词会被其他成分隔开，从而形成分隔式同位语从句，这样做主要是为了保持句子结构平衡，避免头重脚轻。A saying goes that where there is life,there is hope.谚语说：留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。(2)名词suggestion,order,demand,command,request等后的同位语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“(should)do”的形式。This is our only request that this(should)be settled as soon as possible.这就是我们唯一的请求：尽快解决这个问题。(3)名词doubt(怀疑)后的同位语从句用whether引导；no doubt(毫无疑问)后的同位语从句用that引导。There is no doubt that he will come.他会来的，这是毫无疑问的。3同位语从句和定语从句的区别区别同位语从句定语从句功能不同解释说明名词表示的具体内容说明名词的性质、特征、来源等that不作成分，只起连接作用，不可省略作主语、宾语或表语，起连接作用；并且作从句的宾语时可省略区别同位语从句定语从句whether起连接作用，其中whether(是否)不作成分，而how和what作成分不引导定语从句how/whatwho作成分；起连接作用；有自己的含义，但与其修饰的名词无关作成分；起连接作用；与先行词有一定的关系，如when的先行词为时间名词whenwherewhy同位语从句的简易判断方法：,我们可以在名词和从句之间加be动词，使之构成一个新句子，如果合乎逻辑、句子通顺，则是同位语从句。用适当的连接词填空并判断是什么从句There is some doubt _he is the man who robbed the boy._I dont doubt _he is the man who robbed the boy._The suggestion _the meeting be put off proved right._The suggestion _was made by our headteacher is that the meeting be put off._【答案】whether；同位语从句that；宾语从句that；同位语从句 that/which；定语从句.用适当的连接词填空1Along with the letter was his promise _he would visit me this coming Christmas.2There is some doubt _he is the man who saved the little girl.3John left word with my deskmate _he would call again in the evening.4Have you got any idea _will take over our company?5Here comes the question _we should do with so much ewaste.6I have no idea_the general manager will come back soon.7Tomorrow is Johns birthday.Have you got any idea _the party is to be held,at home or in the restaurant?8I have no idea _he left,perhaps by plane.【答案】1that2whether3that4who5what6whether7where8how.完成句子1我不知道你在这儿。I had no idea_.2有人怀疑约翰是否会准时到来。There is some doubt_.3谁该做这项工作的问题需要考虑。The question_requires consideration.4永远不可否认的事实是他考试作弊了。The fact_can never be denied.5护士们竭尽全力减少这位病人对将死于这种疾病的恐慌。The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patients fear_.6然后传来命令，每个人在中午前要离开村子。Then came the order_.7他对物理考试不及格的消息感到难过。He was cast down by the news_ _.【答案】1.that you were here2whether John will come on time3who should do the work 4.that he cheated in the exam5that he would die of the disease6that everyone should leave the village before noon7that he had failed(in)the physics exam