语法公开幻灯片.ppt

语法公开课件语法公开课件第1页，共25页，编辑于2022年，星期二第2页，共25页，编辑于2022年，星期二三年高考语法填空的短文材料都来自网上。三年高考语法填空的短文材料都来自网上。2010年：年：http:/ 高三平时测试题高三平时测试题2009年：年：http:/ WhatstheusualwayyoufulfillthetaskGrammarWhatstheusualwayyoufulfillthetaskGrammarFilling?Filling?解题三步骤解题三步骤:(1)通读全文，了解大意。通读全文，了解大意。(2)试填空格，后难先易。试填空格，后难先易。(3)重读全文，解决难题。重读全文，解决难题。复习思考复习思考复习思考复习思考语语 法法词法词法句法句法章法章法惯用法惯用法v思考思考：面对语法填空中如此繁杂的语法点，我们：面对语法填空中如此繁杂的语法点，我们到底该怎样入手呢到底该怎样入手呢?第7页，共25页，编辑于2022年，星期二命命题题一般涉及到以下几个方面：一般涉及到以下几个方面：1）连词连词的用法的用法；（从属（从属连词连词，并列，并列连词连词）2）从句的用法（定）从句的用法（定语语从句，名从句，名词词性从句等）；性从句等）；3）冠）冠词词、代、代词词的用法（上下文指代）的用法（上下文指代）；4）介）介词词的用法（与的用法（与动词动词搭配构成的固定搭配构成的固定动词动词短短语语）5）实词实词（根据上下文的理解，平（根据上下文的理解，平时时偶有考到，但高考几乎不考）偶有考到，但高考几乎不考）6）动词动词的用法（的用法（谓语动词谓语动词，非，非谓语动词谓语动词）；）；7）形容）形容词词和副和副词词的用法；的用法；（同（同级级，比，比较级较级，最高，最高级级，词词性性转换转换）8）名）名词词的用法；（的用法；（单单复数复数&词词性性转换转换）9)数数词词的用法的用法;纯纯空空格格填填空空：虚虚词词有有提提示示词词：实实词词第8页，共25页，编辑于2022年，星期二可数名词单数之前可数名词单数之前冠词或代词冠词或代词纯空格填空纯空格填空可数名词单数之前可数名词单数之前1.Thereoncewereagoatandadonkey.Sothefarmer1.Thereoncewereagoatandadonkey.Sothefarmerkilled40_goatandgavethedonkeykilled40_goatandgavethedonkeymedicinemadefromitsheart.medicinemadefromitsheart.(惠州一模惠州一模惠州一模惠州一模)2.134,000 Chinese students went to study abroad,and 120,000 2.134,000 Chinese students went to study abroad,and 120,000 of_ were self-funded students,of_ were self-funded students,（茂名二模）（茂名二模）（茂名二模）（茂名二模）thethe考查语法点考查语法点:定冠词定冠词,不定冠词不定冠词,物主代词的用法物主代词的用法 讨论归纳讨论归纳讨论归纳讨论归纳 0202themthem a/the/his/her+名词名词.介词介词+名词名词/动名词动名词/代词宾格代词宾格第9页，共25页，编辑于2022年，星期二连词或从句引导词连词或从句引导词纯空格填空纯空格填空两个主谓结构连接两个主谓结构连接 1.He answered all of my questions _ we talked for over an hour.（梅州一模）（梅州一模）（梅州一模）（梅州一模）2.MoreandmoreChinesestudentsgoabroadforstudy,_issupportedbytheChinesegovernment.（茂名（茂名二模）二模）3.Many things must be considered such as _ the person is interested in and how old he is.4.We understand this lesson best we receive gifts of love from children.(2010广东高考）广东高考）考查语法点考查语法点:各类复合句中连词各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法引导词的用法讨论归纳讨论归纳讨论归纳讨论归纳whichwhatandwhen 两个分句各有主谓，则判定为复合句两个分句各有主谓，则判定为复合句两个分句各有主谓，则判定为复合句两个分句各有主谓，则判定为复合句,考查连词考查连词考查连词考查连词第10页，共25页，编辑于2022年，星期二He has a high IQ,_,he failed in the college entrance examination.He has a high IQ,_ he failed in the college entrance examination.howeverbut第11页，共25页，编辑于2022年，星期二介词介词 纯空格填空纯空格填空 与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语,补语等补语等 与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语1.Inshort,Ibelievethatitis39_greatuseto1.Inshort,Ibelievethatitis39_greatusetokeepadairyinEnglishkeepadairyinEnglish(深二模深二模深二模深二模)2.2.I joined them _ the queue waiting patiently.(深圳罗湖深圳罗湖深圳罗湖深圳罗湖)ofof考查语法点考查语法点:介词的基本用法及惯用搭配介词的基本用法及惯用搭配讨论归纳讨论归纳讨论归纳讨论归纳 inin第12页，共25页，编辑于2022年，星期二谓语动词谓语动词 有提示词有提示词 与主语构成主谓结构与主语构成主谓结构1.1.IwascertainshewouldlikeitbecauseI_(tell)IwascertainshewouldlikeitbecauseI_(tell)bymyclassmatesthatshelovedhotfood.bymyclassmatesthatshelovedhotfood.(广州一模广州一模广州一模广州一模)2.2.The boy,who had remained silent and deep in thought on the journey home,_(reply)in a way that shocked his father.(广二模广二模)was toldwas told考查语法点考查语法点:谓语动词的时态及语态谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致及主谓一致讨论归纳讨论归纳讨论归纳讨论归纳replied断复合句为简单句断复合句为简单句划出简单句中的主谓划出简单句中的主谓确定确定动词为谓语动词为谓语再考虑时态和语态再考虑时态和语态第13页，共25页，编辑于2022年，星期二非谓语动词非谓语动词 有提示词有提示词 除谓语动词以外的动词形式除谓语动词以外的动词形式1.Wemustalsoconsiderthereactionoftheperson1.Wemustalsoconsiderthereactionoftheperson32_(receive)thegift.32_(receive)thegift.(广州一模广州一模广州一模广州一模)2._2._(improve)myEnglish,Iwillspendmoretime(improve)myEnglish,Iwillspendmoretimeinlearningit.inlearningit.3 3._(compare)withthepreviousyear,thenumberof._(compare)withthepreviousyear,thenumberof._(compare)withthepreviousyear,thenumberof._(compare)withthepreviousyear,thenumberofstudentswhowentabroadforstudystudentswhowentabroadforstudystudentswhowentabroadforstudystudentswhowentabroadforstudywasincreasedby15,000,orariseof13%.wasincreasedby15,000,orariseof13%.wasincreasedby15,000,orariseof13%.wasincreasedby15,000,orariseof13%.（茂名二模茂名二模茂名二模茂名二模）receivingreceiving To improveTo improve考查语法点考查语法点:非谓语动词及变形的使用非谓语动词及变形的使用讨论归纳讨论归纳讨论归纳讨论归纳ComparedCompared断复为简断复为简简单句已为谓语简单句已为谓语则考查非则考查非谓语谓语第14页，共25页，编辑于2022年，星期二词性转换词性转换 有提示词有提示词 形容词修饰名词形容词修饰名词,副词修饰形容词，动词或整副词修饰形容词，动词或整 个句子个句子1.1.Inordertostudy_(succeed),studentsneedgoodhealth.(深圳一模深圳一模深圳一模深圳一模)2.Manyotheractorsare2.Manyotheractorsare(badly)offthanmeat(badly)offthanmeatpresentpresent,(,(惠州一模惠州一模惠州一模惠州一模)worseworse考查语法点考查语法点:各类词性的正确使用及转化各类词性的正确使用及转化讨论归纳讨论归纳讨论归纳讨论归纳1919successfullyadv.v.be/link.v+adj.adj n./adv.第15页，共25页，编辑于2022年，星期二总结提升总结提升总结提升总结提升实词实词虚词虚词一根据句子结构，确定一根据句子结构，确定一根据句子结构，确定一根据句子结构，确定词性词性词性词性动词动词名词名词形容词形容词副词副词数词数词冠词冠词介词介词连词连词词性词性一一般般有有提提示示词词主主主主 谓谓谓谓N./Pron.N./Pron.Vt.Vt.宾宾宾宾N./Pron.N./Pron.Vi.Vi.宾宾宾宾+prep.+prep.art.art.Adv.Adv.Adj.Adj.Adj.Adj._,_,_,_,Adv.Adv.,_,_,_,_ 主主主主 谓谓谓谓 conj./引导词引导词,X _,X _,X _,X _非谓语动词非谓语动词纯纯空空格格填填空空主主主主 谓谓谓谓主主主主 谓谓谓谓第16页，共25页，编辑于2022年，星期二总结提升总结提升总结提升总结提升1919二根据上下文意义及语法，确定二根据上下文意义及语法，确定二根据上下文意义及语法，确定二根据上下文意义及语法，确定词形词形词形词形冠词冠词冠词冠词定冠词定冠词,不定冠词不定冠词,/物主代词的用法物主代词的用法并列句及复合句并列句及复合句非谓语非谓语非谓语非谓语非谓语动词非谓语动词 to do,doing,done 及变形及变形谓语动词的时态及语态谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致及主谓一致连词连词连词连词介词介词介词介词介词的常用用法及词组搭配介词的常用用法及词组搭配词性变化词性变化词性变化词性变化词汇词汇,构词法构词法谓语动词谓语动词谓语动词谓语动词第17页，共25页，编辑于2022年，星期二请用刚刚总结的考点请用刚刚总结的考点,尝试用下尝试用下面的短文面的短文,进行语法填空的命题进行语法填空的命题第18页，共25页，编辑于2022年，星期二 More than 220 people were killed in the fire which destroyed the Capital Building on February 4th,1974.The building was finished only a few months before the fire;it was Sao Paulos newest building.All the 25 floors of the office building were completely destroyed.The fire also destroyed cars which belonged to people who worked in the building.Over 500 people were working in the building when the fire broke out on the 11th floor.No one knows how the fire started.Perhaps it was started by an electrical fire in the ceiling of one of the offices.Office workers tried to put out the fire,but it was impossible to control it.Soon the whole floor was on fire and it was impossible for people on the floors above to escape.实战演练实战演练实战演练实战演练第19页，共25页，编辑于2022年，星期二More than 220 people were killed in the fire destroyed the Capital Building on February 4th,1974.The building was finished only few months before the fire;it was Sao Paulos newest building.All the 25 _2_(floor)of the office building were completely destroyed._3_ fire also destroyed cars which belonged to people who worked in the building.Over 500 people were working in the building when the fire _5_(break)out on the 11th floor._6_knows how the fire started.Perhaps it was started by an _7_(electricity)fire in the ceiling of one of the offices.Office workers tried to put out the fire,_8_ it was impossible to control _9_.Soon the whole floor was fire and it was impossible for people on the floors above _10_(escape).实战演练实战演练实战演练实战演练2727floorsTheNobodyelectricalbutitto escapebrokewhichona第20页，共25页，编辑于2022年，星期二根据语义根据语义,确定词确定词形形分析句子分析句子,确定词确定词性性解题四步走提示：四步走归根到底其实就是寻找依据每一个语法填空的空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在所在的句子中或者上下文中找到它的依据通读全文通读全文,理解大意理解大意总结提升总结提升总结提升总结提升2727检查搭配检查搭配,前后连贯前后连贯第21页，共25页，编辑于2022年，星期二 A proverb says,“Time is money”.But in my opinion,time is even 1 _ precious than money.Why?2 _ when money is spent,we can earn it back.However,when time is 3 _(go),it will never return.4 _ is known to all that the time we can use is limited.Therefore we should make 5 _ use of our time to study hard so as to serve our country in 6 _ future.But it is a pity that there are a lot of people 7 _ do not realize the value of time.They 8 _(spend)their precious time smoking,drinking and playing.In a word,we should form the good habit of 9 _(save)time.Do not put off what can be done today 10 _ tomorrow.moreBecausegoneItgood/fullthewhospendsavingtill/until10.结合生活常识，不难理解句意为“不要把今天能做的事情推迟到明天做”，答案自然是表示“直到”的until/till.9.因of是介词，介词后的动词通常用-ing形式，故填saving8.由time smoking可想到是spend/waste time(in)doing句型，这是由spend/waste的用法所决定的；这里是一般现在时，主语是复数，填spend/waste7.因there are是个句子，do not 应是一个定语从句，从句缺主语，先行词是人，应填入 who.6.表示“在将来”，固定短语in the future5.有表示结果的Therefore可知，应充分利用时间，故用形容词full或good来修饰名词。3.由表示转折however的可知，是指当时间失去的时候，表示“失去”是gone。2.因前句用Why提问，应当用because来回答，故此题答案是because1.由than可知,precious要用比较级，多音节形容词的比较级前加more，故此题答案为more4.填it，形式主语，真正主语是后面由that引导的主语从句第22页，共25页，编辑于2022年，星期二Practice Makes Perfect!不断记忆，积累词汇不断记忆，积累词汇夯实基础，学好语法夯实基础，学好语法大声朗读，培养语感大声朗读，培养语感坚持不懈，多做练习坚持不懈，多做练习第23页，共25页，编辑于2022年，星期二 Finish the Rational Cloze exercises 第24页，共25页，编辑于2022年，星期二第25页，共25页，编辑于2022年，星期二