经典ppt课件高中英语定语从句.ppt

The Attributive clauseTeachingAims1.LearnthebasicconceptsaboutattributiveClause2.LearnhowtochoosethecorrectrelativepronounsandproverbsUnderlinetheattributiveclauses:Dont forget the things that once you owned.Treasure the things that you cant get.Dont give up the things that belong to you and keep those lost things in memory.曾经拥有的，不要忘记。不能得到的，曾经拥有的，不要忘记。不能得到的，更要珍惜。属于自己的，不要放弃。更要珍惜。属于自己的，不要放弃。已经失去的，留作回忆。已经失去的，留作回忆。在复合句中，修饰前面某一名词或在复合句中，修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，充当代词的从句叫定语从句，充当_使用。使用。形容词形容词Dont give up the things that belong to you 先行词先行词关系代词关系代词定语从句定语从句Hospital is a place where a doctor works.先行词先行词关系副词关系副词定语从句被定语从句限定的词是被定语从句限定的词是_，引导定语从，引导定语从句的词叫做句的词叫做_或或_。“先行词先行词”“关系代词关系代词”“关系副词关系副词”关系词的作用关系词的作用关系代词和关系副词有三大作用：关系代词和关系副词有三大作用：1._（连接定语从句和主句）（连接定语从句和主句）2._（替代前面的先行词）（替代前面的先行词）3._（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分）。分）。连接连接替代替代做成分做成分relative pronoun 关系关系代词代词指代指代在定语从句中所充当的成分在定语从句中所充当的成分在定语从句中所充当的成分在定语从句中所充当的成分人人人人物物物物句子句子句子句子主语主语主语主语宾语宾语宾语宾语定语定语定语定语whowhomwhichthataswhose定语从句三步法：定语从句三步法：1.找出找出先行词先行词2.看先行词在定语从句中的看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能语法功能（作什么成分？主语、宾语、定语或状语）（作什么成分？主语、宾语、定语或状语）3.选选择合适的择合适的关系词关系词考点一：考点一：that和和which以下情况，引导词用以下情况，引导词用that，不用，不用which。1.先行词为先行词为不定代词不定代词everything，little,much，all，anything，nothing,none,few时时,3.先行词前有先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，修饰时，先行词先行词被被all,any,every,little,much,no,some,theonly，thevery，thelast修饰时，修饰时，2.先行词同时先行词同时指人和指物指人和指物时，时，4.在在以以which/who为疑问词为疑问词的特殊疑问句中的特殊疑问句中1.He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in the school.A.which B.that C.it D.whom2.There is no dictionary _ you can find.A.that B.which C.where D.in that3.Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn?A.it B./C.which D.that4.Which was the hotel _ was recommended to you?A.where B.which C.that D.it先行词为先行词为人和物的人和物的组合组合先行词被先行词被all,little,much,every,no,等等修饰时修饰时先行词被序数词或最高级修饰，先行词前先行词被序数词或最高级修饰，先行词前有序数词有序数词(the first),形容词最高级形容词最高级(the best),the last,the very,the only 等时。等时。若主句中有疑问代词若主句中有疑问代词 who 或或者者 which，为了避免重复，为了避免重复,关关系代词不要再用系代词不要再用 who,which，而用而用 that。考点二：以下情况只能用考点二：以下情况只能用which引导定语从句。引导定语从句。1.引导引导非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句时时,其先行词可是一个其先行词可是一个词词,也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分。也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分。3.句子中同时有两个定语从句，其中一个句子中同时有两个定语从句，其中一个已经用了已经用了that引导时引导时2.先行词是物，紧接在介词后面时先行词是物，紧接在介词后面时（介词介词+关系代词关系代词+定语从句定语从句）非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句起补充说明作用，缺少也不会影响全句的理解。在非限制性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开。The house,which I bought last year,has a lovely garden.He seems not to have grasped what I meant,which greatly upsets me.注意：整个主句作为先行词,谓语动词用第三人称单数The school _ he once studied is very famous.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句：注意：1.含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for,look after,take care of等 This is the watch（which/that）I am looking for.2.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指物时只能用which；指人时只能用whomThe man with whom you talked is my friend.The school _ he once studied in is very famous.The man(whom)you talked with is my friend.(that/which)in which/where 考点三：关系代词考点三：关系代词as的用法的用法一、一、as引导限制性定语从句引导限制性定语从句主句中主句中the same,as,such,so修饰先行词，修饰先行词，as做关系代做关系代词在定语从句中做词在定语从句中做主语主语或或宾语宾语。有有“如，似，正像如，似，正像”的含义的含义主要结构有：主要结构有：the sameas;asas;suchas;soasDont trust such men as praise you to your face.(指人，作主指人，作主语语）We have arrived at the same conclusion as they have.（指物，作指物，作宾语宾语）This is the same pen _I lost yesterday.A.as B.that C.the one D.A&B D比较：比较：.the same pen as I lost.the same pen that I lost.很像，不一定就是很像，不一定就是就是我不见的那支笔就是我不见的那支笔thesameas表示表示同一类同一类人或物；人或物；thesamethat指指同一个同一个人或物人或物二、引导非限制性定语从句二、引导非限制性定语从句 as引导非限制性定语从句，引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句内容指代整个主句内容，从句从句可置于句首可置于句首，句中句中或或句尾句尾As everyone knows,China is a beautiful country with a long history.The earth,as we know,moves round the sun.Tom works hard and is willing to help others,as we all know.非限制性定语从句中的谓语为被动式时，非限制性定语从句中的谓语为被动式时，常用常用as做做主语主语 be said/known/announced /reported/mentioned /expected/discussedGrammar,as has been said before,is not a set of dead rules.As is known to all,Taiwan is part of China.注意注意：which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。主句之后。Tom suddenly fell ill,which made us sad.考点四：考点四：whose用法用法既可以修饰既可以修饰指人指人也可以修饰也可以修饰指物指物的先行词。关系代词与其后的的先行词。关系代词与其后的名词构成所有格名词构成所有格,例：例：Do you know anyone whose family is in Xian?The house whose windows are broken is empty.Do you know anyone the family of whom is in Xian?Do you know anyone of whom the family is in Xian?whose+名词名词=the+名词名词+ofwhich/whom=ofwhich/whomthe+名词名词注意：注意：of不具有所属关系时，不能用不具有所属关系时，不能用whoseShe would like to read the novel of which a great number of people have heard.考点五考点五:way 后面的定语从句后面的定语从句 way后面的定语从句作状语的引导词有：后面的定语从句作状语的引导词有：inwhich/that或或不填不填，如：，如：I recognized hes from Australia from the way _ he speaks.inwhich(that/不填不填)填上合适的关系词并分析原因填上合适的关系词并分析原因：1.The way _he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.2.The way _he explained to us was quite simple.that/which/不填不填that/in which/不填不填缺状语缺状语缺宾语缺宾语缺少主语或宾语缺少主语或宾语:引导词用引导词用that/which/不填不填(缺宾语时缺宾语时)主语宾语都不缺主语宾语都不缺:引导词用引导词用that/in which/不填不填Relativeadverb关系副词关系副词指代指代所充当的句子成分所充当的句子成分whenwherewhytimeplacereason时间状语时间状语地点状语地点状语原因状语原因状语关系副词=介词+关系代词why=forwhichwhere=in/at/onwhichwhen=during/on/in/which （介词同先行词搭配）This is the house in which/where I lived last year.This is the reason for which/why he was late for school.Thats the day on which/when I met him in the street.Summary先行词充当先行词充当_、_或或_，则用，则用关关系代词系代词先行词充当先行词充当_，则用，则用关系副词关系副词that,who,whom,which,as,whosewhere,when,why主语主语宾语宾语定语定语状语状语1.Ill never forget the days _ we worked together.2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.3.I went to the place _ I worked ten years ago.4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago.when/in whichwhichwhere/in which几种易混的情况几种易混的情况及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词which5.This is the reason _ he was late.6.This is the reason _ he gave.why/for whichthat/which及物动词及物动词1).a.I saw some trees,and the leaves of _ were black with disease.b.I saw some trees,the leaves of _ were black with disease.2).a.The professor is a little man,on the nose of _there is a pair of glasses.b.The professor is a little man,and on the nose of _there is a pair of glasses解题点拨解题点拨:是否有是否有连词连词是区分定语从句和并列句的关键。是区分定语从句和并列句的关键。themwhomwhichhim _高考考点高考考点易混句型易混句型定语从句与并列句定语从句与并列句_定语从句练习定语从句练习1.Tom,_ father works as a manager is my best friend.A.whose B.that C.who D.where2._ we expected,the weather turned out to be very good A.what B.which C.that D.as 3.Please take the second chair _ is over there.A.where B.which C.who D.that 4.I dont like _ you speak to her.A.the way B.the way in that C.the way which D.the way of which5.Do you know the man?A.that I spoke B.I spoke toC.to who I spoke D.whom I spoke6.This is one of the best films this year.A.which has been shownB.that have been shownC.that have shown D.have been shown7.He paid the boy$10 for washing ten windows,most of _ hadnt been cleaned for ten years.A.these B.those C.that D.which 专题专练专题专练1.Doyouthinksuchaplace_youspeakofisworthvisiting?2.HepromisedtocometoseemeonpurposeonSunday,_Idoubtverymuch.3.Thereisalakenearourschoolyard,_depthisoutofyourexpectation.4.-Doyouhaveanythinginmind_youdlikeforsupper?-Well,anythingisOkforme.5.Thehousein_heusedtolivehasturnedintoalibrary.aswhichwhosethatwhich=thelakes6.Studentsinourschool,mostof_arefromthesouthofChina,enjoyriceverymuch.7.Canyouthinkofasituation_thisidiomisused?8._isoftenthecase,teachersinourschoolusuallyreturntoschoolonSundayevenings.9.Whichistheroad_leadstothevillage_youwereborn?10.ThenewcomerisfromJiangxi,_Icantellfromhisaccent.whomAsthatwherewhichinwhich=whereHomework Review the rules of the attributive clause and finish relevant exercises.Thank you