托福阅读——词汇题课件.pptx
TOEFL ReadingNew Oriental School Luoyang BranchTOEFL Teaching Group Joanna zuo5601159289托福题型分类：词汇题：Identify确认确认Modify修改修改Satisfy满意满意Simplify简化简化Consists of 由由 组成组成Combines 联合联合Restricts 限制限制Establishes 建立建立Restricted限制限制Endangered灭绝灭绝Prevented预防预防Rejected拒绝拒绝Enclosed附上附上Permanent永久的永久的Motionless静止的静止的Intact完整的完整的Explained解释解释Visible可见的可见的Identified认出认出Located处于处于Streams溪流溪流Cracks破裂破裂Storms暴风暴风Earthquakes地震地震sudden 突然突然 的的 unusual 不寻常的不寻常的 immediate 立即的立即的 extreme极其的极其的specific 特定的特定的 unlimited 无限的无限的 reasonable 合理的合理的 long长的长的托福题型分类：词汇题：ThewordXinthepassageisclosestinmeaningto.InstatingX,theauthormeansthat词汇题方法一生词的含义在从句和上下句中暗示Weallknowthatantsareferociouseaters.Theydifferwidelyintheirdietsandmaybecarnivorous,herbivorous,oromnivorous,meaningthatsomeeatmeat;otherseatonlyplantswhileotherseatacombinationofboth.词汇题方法一生词的含义在从句和上下句中暗示Thisincludespoultryforthemaincourse(e.g.chicken,turkey,duck,goose),salads,breads,andvegetable,andfeaturesavarietyofdesserts,forexample,pies,puddings,andicecream.词汇题方法一生词的含义在从句和上下句中暗示Thisincludespoultryforthemaincourse(e.g.chicken,turkey,duck,goose),salads,breads,andvegetable,andfeaturesavarietyofdesserts,forexample,pies,puddings,andicecream.（）破折号逗号The worlds heaviest flower is a parasite that flourishes among,and lives off of,the roots of jungle vines.Each of these ponderous blooms can weigh up to 15 pounds(7kg).A.smellyB.hiddenC.matureD.heavyThe worlds heaviest flower is a parasite that flourishes among,and lives off of,the roots of jungle vines.Each of these ponderous blooms can weigh up to 15 pounds(7kg).A.smellyB.hiddenC.matureD.heavySomeoftheproposedmechanismsrequiredaverybriefperiodduringwhichallextinctionssuddenlytookplace;othermechanismswouldbemorelikelytohavetakenplacemoregradually,overanextendedperiod,oratdifferenttimesondifferentcontinents.Somehypothesesfailtoaccountforsimultaneousextinctionsonlandandintheseas.3.ThewordextendedinthepassageisclosestinmeaningtoA.specificB.unlimitedC.reasonableD.longSomeoftheproposedmechanismsrequiredaverybriefperiodduringwhichallextinctionssuddenlytookplace;othermechanismswouldbemorelikelytohavetakenplacemoregradually,overanextendedperiod,oratdifferenttimesondifferentcontinents.Somehypothesesfailtoaccountforsimultaneousextinctionsonlandandintheseas.3.ThewordextendedinthepassageisclosestinmeaningtoA.specificB.unlimitedC.reasonableD.longOfthevarioushypotheses假设attemptingtoaccountforthelateCretaceousextinctions,theonethathasattractedthemostattentioninrecentyearsistheasteroid-impacthypothesisfirstsuggestedbyLuisandWalterAlvarez.Accordingtothishypothesis,Earthcollidedwithanasteroidwithanestimateddiameterof10kilometers,orwithseveralasteroids,thecombinedmassofwhichwascomparable.8.ThephraseaccountforinthepassageisclosestinmeaningtoA.describeB.challengeC.explainD.testOfthevarioushypotheses假设attemptingtoaccountforthelateCretaceousextinctions,theonethathasattractedthemostattentioninrecentyearsistheasteroid-impacthypothesisfirstsuggestedbyLuisandWalterAlvarez.Accordingtothishypothesis,Earthcollidedwithanasteroidwithanestimateddiameterof10kilometers,orwithseveralasteroids,thecombinedmassofwhichwascomparable.8.ThephraseaccountforinthepassageisclosestinmeaningtoA.describeB.challengeC.explainD.testAnasteroidofthissizewouldbeexpectedtoleaveanimmensecrater,eveniftheasteroiditselfwasdisintegratedbytheimpact.Theintenseheatoftheimpactwouldproduceheat-shockedquartzinmanytypesofrock.11.ThewordintenseinthepassageisclosestinmeaningtoA.suddenB.unusualC.immediateD.extremeAnasteroidofthissizewouldbeexpectedtoleaveanimmense极大的crater,eveniftheasteroiditselfwasdisintegratedbytheimpact.Theintenseheatoftheimpactwouldproduceheat-shockedquartzinmanytypesofrock.11.ThewordintenseinthepassageisclosestinmeaningtoA.suddenB.unusualC.immediateD.extreme词汇题方法二并列，平行与排比orandalsoaswellas等She embarked onhercareerbyworkingasanewspaperreporterinWisconsinandsoonbeganwritingnovels.Q：Thephraseembarked oninthissentenceisclosestinmeaningtotookatriptostartedoutonimproveduponhadaopinionaboutShe embarked onhercareer职业生涯byworkingasanewspaperreporterinWisconsinandsoonbeganwritingnovels.Q：Thephraseembarked oninthissentenceisclosestinmeaningtotookatriptostartedoutonimproveduponhadaopinionaboutThesubjectsofthepaintingsaremostlyanimals.Thepaintingsrestonbarewalls,withnobackdropsorenvironmentaltrappings.5Theword“trappings”inthepassageisclosestinmeaningtoConditionsProblemsInfluencesDecorationsThesubjectsofthepaintingsaremostlyanimals.Thepaintingsrestonbare walls,withnobackdrops背景orenvironmentaltrappings.5Theword“trappings”inthepassageisclosestinmeaningtoConditionsProblemsInfluencesDecorationsGroundwaterisstoredintheporespacesandjointsofrocksandunconsolidated(unsolidified)sedimentsorintheopeningswidenedthroughfracturesandweathering.7.Theword“fractures”inthepassageisclosestinmeaningtostreamscracksstormsearthquakesGroundwaterisstoredintheporespacesandjointsofrocksandunconsolidated(unsolidified)sedimentsorintheopeningswidenedthroughfracturesandweathering.7.Theword“fractures”inthepassageisclosestinmeaningtostreamscracksstormsearthquakesSeveralskeletonsofanotherearlywhale,Basilosaurus,werefoundinsedimentsleftbytheTethysSeaandnowexposedintheSaharadesert.Theword“exposed”inthepassageisclosestinmeaningtoexplainedvisibleidentifiedlocatedSeveralskeletonsofanotherearlywhale,Basilosaurus,werefoundinsedimentsleftbytheTethysSeaandnowexposedintheSaharadesert.Theword“exposed”inthepassageisclosestinmeaningtoexplainedvisibleidentifiedlocated词汇题方法三对比，转折But,yet,however,although,eventhough,insteadRatherthan,contrast等Wemightexpectthatearlyartisticeffortswouldbecrude,butthecavepaintingsofSpainandsouthernFranceshowamarkeddegreeofskill.SodothenaturalisticpaintingsonslabsofstoneexcavatedinsouthernAfrica.1Theword“marked”inthepassageisclosestinmeaningtoConsiderableSurprisingLimitedAdequateWemightexpectthatearlyartisticeffortswouldbecrude,butthecavepaintingsofSpainandsouthernFranceshowamarkeddegreeofskill.SodothenaturalisticpaintingsonslabsofstoneexcavatedinsouthernAfrica.1Theword“marked”inthepassageisclosestinmeaningtoConsiderableSurprisingLimitedAdequateWaterdoesnotremainimmobileinanaquiferbutcanseepoutatspringsorleakintootheraquifers.Therateofmovementmaybeveryslow:intheIndusplain,themovementofsaline(salty)groundwatershasstillnotreachedequilibriumafter70yearsofbeingtapped.10.Theword“immobile”inthepassageisclosestinmeaningtoenclosedpermanentmotionlessintactW I T H L O V E G E N I U S H O M E 1Waterdoesnotremainimmobileinanaquiferbutcanseepoutatspringsorleakintootheraquifers.Therateofmovementmaybeveryslow:intheIndusplain,themovementofsaline(salty)groundwatershasstillnotreachedequilibriumafter70yearsofbeingtapped.10.Theword“immobile”inthepassageisclosestinmeaningtoenclosedpermanentmotionlessintactW I T H L O V E G E N I U S H O M E 1Mostoftheseleaderswereinvolvedinpubliclifeasreformers,activistsworkingforwomensrighttovote,orauthors,andwerenotrepresentative atallofthegreatofordinary women.The word representative is closest in meaning to which of following?typicalsatisfiedsupportivedistinctiveW I T H L O V E G E N I U S H O M E 1Mostoftheseleaderswereinvolvedinpubliclifeasreformers,activistsworkingforwomensrighttovote,orauthors,andwerenotrepresentative atallofthegreatofordinary women.The word representative is closest in meaning to which of following?typicalsatisfiedsupportivedistinctiveW I T H L O V E G E N I U S H O M E 1IntheUnitedStates,LouisComfortTiffany(1843-1933)wasthemostnotedexponentofthisstyle,producingagreatvarietyofglassformsandsurfaces,whichwerewidelycopiedintheirtimeandarehighlyprizedtoday.The word prized is closest in meaning to which of following?valueduniversaluncommonpreservedW I T H L O V E G E N I U S H O M E 1IntheUnitedStates,LouisComfortTiffany(1843-1933)wasthemostnotedexponentofthisstyle,producingagreatvarietyofglassformsandsurfaces,whichwerewidelycopiedintheirtimeandarehighlyprizedtoday.The word prized is closest in meaning to which of following?valueduniversaluncommonpreservedW I T H L O V E G E N I U S H O M E 1词汇题方法四动宾搭配，形容词修饰搭配Wheretheforestinhibitsthegrowthofgrassandothermeadowplants,theblack-taileddeerbrowsesonhuckleberry,salad,dogwood,andalmostanyothershruborherb.ThewordinhibitsinthepassageisclosestinmeaningtoConsistsofCombinesRestrictsEstablishesW I T H L O V E G E N I U S H O M E 1Wheretheforestinhibitsthegrowthofgrassandothermeadowplants,theblack-taileddeer onhuckleberry,salad,dogwood水木,andalmostanyothershruborherb.ThewordinhibitsinthepassageisclosestinmeaningtoConsistsofCombinesRestrictsEstablishesW I T H L O V E G E N I U S H O M E 1Thedeserts,whichalreadyoccupyapproximatelyafourthoftheEarthslandsurface,haveinrecentdecadesbeenincreasingatanalarmingpace.Theexpansionofdesert-likeconditionsintoareaswheretheydidnotpreviouslyexistiscalleddesertification.Ithasbeenestimatedthatanadditionalone-fourthoftheEarthslandsurfaceisthreatenedbythisprocess.1.Theword“threatened”inthepassageisclosestinmeaningtorestrictedendangeredpreventedrejectedW I T H L O V E G E N I U S H O M E 1Thedeserts,whichalreadyoccupyapproximatelyafourthoftheEarthslandsurface,haveinrecentdecadesbeenincreasingatanalarmingpace.Theexpansionofdesert-likeconditionsintoareaswheretheydidnotpreviouslyexistiscalleddesertification.Ithasbeenestimatedthatanadditionalone-fourthoftheEarthslandsurfaceisthreatenedbythisprocess.1.Theword“threatened”inthepassageisclosestinmeaningtorestrictedendangeredpreventedrejectedW I T H L O V E G E N I U S H O M E 1Childrennormallydesiretoventaggressiveimpulsesonotherpeople,includingtheirparents,becauseeventhemostattentiveparentscannotgratifyalloftheirdemandsimmediately.Theword“gratify”inthepassageisclosestinmeaningtoidentifymodifysatisfysimplifyW I T H L O V E G E N I U S H O M E 1Childrennormallydesiretoventaggressiveimpulsesonotherpeople,includingtheirparents,becauseeventhemostattentiveparentscannotgratifyalloftheirdemandsimmediately.Theword“gratify”inthepassageisclosestinmeaningtoidentifymodifysatisfysimplifyW I T H L O V E G E N I U S H O M E 1词汇题方法五词根词缀complexperplexperspectiveIdentifymodifysatisfySimplifyConsistsofCombinesRestrictsEstablishesrestrictedendangeredpreventedRejectedenclosedpermanentmotionlessintactexplainedvisibleidentifiedLocatedstreamscracksstormsearthquakessuddenunusualimmediateextremespecificunlimitedreasonablelongIdentify确认Modify修改Satisfy满意Simplify简化Consistsof由 组成Combines联合Restricts限制Establishes建立Restricted限制Endangered灭绝Prevented预防Rejected拒绝Enclosed附上Permanent永久的Motionless静止的Intact完整的Explained解释Visible可见的Identified认出Located处于Streams溪流Cracks破裂Storms暴风Earthquakes地震sudden突然的unusual不寻常的immediate立即的extreme极其的specific特定的unlimited无限的reasonable合理的long长的Thank YouThank You
