2010高考英语《语法》专题复习系列课件08《情态动词》.ppt
2010高考英语语法专题复习系列课件08情态动词1.-IsJohncomingbytrain?-Heshould,buthe_not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.(2002高考题）高考题）A.mustB.canC.needD.may2.Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidates(候选人候选人)_remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.(2002上海上海高考题）高考题）A.canB.willC.mayD.shall3.-Iheardtheywentskiinginthemountainslastwinter.(2002北京北京高考题）高考题）-It_truebecausetherewaslittlesnowthere.A.maynotbeB.wontbeC.couldntbeD.mustntbe情态动词情态动词表示推测表示推测不表示推测不表示推测cancouldmaymightshallshouldmustwillwouldoughttohavetodare(darent)need(neednt)usedtoIdarentaskherforarise.我不敢请求她加薪我不敢请求她加薪.Howdidyoudaretotellherthat?Iwonderwhetherhedarestandupinpublic.Idontknowhowshedarestowearthatdress.Doyouneedanyhelp?Iwonderwhetherheneedsenditimmediately.Ineedhardlytellyouthattheworkisdangerous.Thegardendoesntneedwateringatthemoment.Youneedntfinishthatworktoday.可兼做行为动词的情态动词：可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need、dare 情态动词(+动词原形)行为动词 .needdare 1.1.无人称和数的变化无人称和数的变化;2.2.尤其用于：尤其用于：*否定句及疑问句中否定句及疑问句中;*在在if/whetherif/whether之后之后;*或与或与hardlyhardly,nevernever,no oneno one,nobodynobody连用连用;3.3.常以常以neednneednt t 和和darendarent t 的形式出现的形式出现;4.dare4.dare有其过去时有其过去时dareddared.多用于肯定句多用于肯定句;(sb.)needtododaretodo(sth.)needtobedone(sth.)needdoing判断正误判断正误:Howdareyousaysuchathing?Howdareyoutosaysuchathing?HedarenttospeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,didhe?HedarentspeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,darehe?Nobodyneedtobeafraidofcatchingthedisease.Nobodyneedbeafraidofcatchingthedisease.Thesedishesneedbecleanedcarefully.Thesedishesneedtobecleanedcarefully.Thesedishesneedcleaningcarefully.注意对注意对need问句的回答问句的回答:-NeedIfinishtheworktoday?-Yes,_.No,_.No,_.youmustyouneedntyoudonthavetoneednt对其它情态动词的回答对其它情态动词的回答:-ShallItellJohnaboutit?-No,you_.-Mustwedoitnow?-No,you_.neednt(donthaveto)neednt(donthaveto)表示推测表示推测情态动词的重要用法情态动词的重要用法.1.YoumustbeMrSmith-Iwastoldtoexpectyouhere.2.Hemusthaveknownwhatwewanted.3.Wemayhavereadthesamereport.4.Hecanthavesleptthroughallthatnoise.5.Theressomeoneoutside-whocanitbe?6.Whatcantheybedoing?7.Thesepillsmighthelptocureyourdisease.8.Youcouldberight,Isuppose.表示推测表示推测情态动词的重要用法情态动词的重要用法.肯定的推测肯定的推测可能的推测可能的推测否定的推测否定的推测疑问的推测疑问的推测must/should 对将来对将来对现在对现在对过去对过去情态动词情态动词may,mightcant,couldntcan,could+V.+V.+havedone常见常见mustbe+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing可以用可以用not表示表示“可能不可能不”+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing1.Idontknowwheresheis,she_beinWuhan.2.Atthismoment,ourteacher_ourexampapers.这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。3.Theroadiswet.It_lastnight.(rain)4.Yourmother_foryou.你妈妈一定一直在找你。你妈妈一定一直在找你。maymustbemarkingmusthaverainedmusthavebeenlooking5.Philip_seriouslyinthecaraccident.菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤.6.-Lindahasgonetowork,butherbicycleisstillhere.-She_(go)bybus.7.Mike_hiscar,forhecametoworkbybusthismorning.迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的。公共汽车来上班的。may(might)havebeenhurtmay(might)havegonecanthavefound高考考题高考考题:1.Ithoughtyou_likesomethingtoread,soIhavebroughtyousomebooks.A.mayB.mightC.wouldD.must2.Whereismypen?I_it.A.mightloseB.wouldhavelostC.shouldhavelostD.musthavelost3.Ididnthearthephone.I_asleepA.mustbeB.musthavebeenC.shouldbeD.shouldhavebeenBDB4.-Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecar,buttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.-It_acomfortablejourneyA.cantbeB.shouldntbeC.mustnthavebeenD.couldnthavebeen5.Itsnearlysevenoclock.Jack_behereatanymoment.A.mustB.needC.shouldD.couldDC不同的不同的“肯定肯定”程度可按下列层次排列：程度可按下列层次排列：Heisathome.(事实事实)Hemustbeathome.（非常肯定的推断）非常肯定的推断）Hecouldbeathome.（很可能）很可能）Heoughttobeathome.（很可能）很可能）Hemaybeathome.（仅仅可能而已）仅仅可能而已）Hemightbeathome.（或许或许,非常不确定）非常不确定）Hemightnotbeathome.（也许不在家）也许不在家）Hemaynotbeathome.（比（比might可能可能）Hecouldntbeathome.（很可能不在家）很可能不在家）Hecantbeathome.（一定不在家）一定不在家）Heisntathome.（事实）事实）在不表示推测的情态动词中在不表示推测的情态动词中,我们要注意以下考点我们要注意以下考点:1.表示能力、许可的情态动词的用法。表示能力、许可的情态动词的用法。2.表示否定的情态动词的用法。表示否定的情态动词的用法。3.shall和和will的多种意义的区别。的多种意义的区别。4.情态动词短语的使用。情态动词短语的使用。5.虚拟语气中情态动词的使用。虚拟语气中情态动词的使用。表示能力表示能力:can,could,beableto*beableto能用于能用于各种时态各种时态。can/could只能表示只能表示现在现在或或过去过去的能力。的能力。*was/wereableto:“设法做成某事设法做成某事”相当于相当于managedtodosth.succeededindoingsth.。1.表示能力、许可的情态动词的用法。表示能力、许可的情态动词的用法。1.Acomputer_thinkforitself;itmustbetoldwhattodo.A.cantB.couldntC.maynotD.mightnot2.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone_getout.A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasabletoAD3.Theywill_runthismachineontheirowninthreemonths.A.canB.couldC.mayD.beableto4.Thatbigcinema_seat2,000people.A.canB.shouldC.oughttoD.isabletoDA表示许可表示许可:may/might,can/could*might,could比较比较委婉委婉,一般多用于一般多用于疑问句疑问句.*can,may表达的语言比较随便表达的语言比较随便.*在以在以could,might表示表示征询对方意见征询对方意见或或表示请求表示请求时，回答应相应使用时，回答应相应使用can,may.5.CouldIborrowyourdictionary?Yes,ofcourseyou_.A.mightB.willC.canD.should6.MightIwatchTVaftersupper?Yes,you_.A.mayB.mustC.mightD.canCA2.表示否定的情态动词的用法表示否定的情态动词的用法:部分情态动词的否定式是情态动词中的考点部分情态动词的否定式是情态动词中的考点之一。之一。mustnt不准不准,禁止禁止neednt没必要没必要(=donthaveto)cant不能不能;不可能不可能maynot不可以不可以;可能不可能不shouldnt不应该不应该(=oughtnotto)7.You_returnthebooknow.Youcankeepittillnextweekifyoulike.A.cantB.mustntC.needntD.maynot8.Johnny,you_playwiththeknife,you_hurtyourself.A.wont;cantB.mustnt;mayC.shouldnt;mustD.cant;shouldntCB9.-Willyoustayforlunch?-Sorry,_.Mybrotheriscomingtoseeme.A.ImustntB.IcantC.IneedntD.Iwont10.-MayIpickaflowerinthegarden?-_.A.No,youneedntB.Not,please.C.No,youmustntD.No,youwontBC情态动词：情态动词：shall,will的多种意义的多种意义:shall/will+动词原形动词原形:*shall可表示必须、命令、可表示必须、命令、警告或征询意见警告或征询意见.*will可可表示意愿、常出现的动作、在疑问句表示意愿、常出现的动作、在疑问句中表示请求和建议中表示请求和建议.*均可表示将来。均可表示将来。过去时为过去时为should,would.3.11.He_bepunishedifhedisobeys.如果他不服从如果他不服从,就要受到惩罚就要受到惩罚.12.Wearenotgoingtoquarrelatallifyou_onlyletmespeak.只要你让我说话只要你让我说话,我们根本就不会吵架我们根本就不会吵架.13.-Sir,_hegoorstay?-Lethimgo.A.willB.shallC.mightD.couldshallwillB14.Thedoor_open.这门经常打不开这门经常打不开.15.Ronald_stayinhissmallgardenforalongtimeeverydayinthepast.A.couldB.mightC.shouldD.would16.You_havethebookafterIreadit.我看完以后一定把这本书给你我看完以后一定把这本书给你.wontDshall4.情态动词短语的使用情态动词短语的使用:wouldliketodowouldratherdowouldrather+从句从句wouldprefertodo.hadbetterdo.改错改错:1.Wouldyoulikehavingsometea?2.Idprefergoingtothelecturethisevening.3.Idratheryoutogotothemeeting.4.Hewouldrathertodiethantogivein.5.Youdbettertohaveyourhaircuttoday.Wouldyouliketohavesometea?Idprefertogoto.youwentto.Hewouldratherdiethangivein.Youdbetterhave.5.用于虚拟语气的情态动词用于虚拟语气的情态动词:shouldmightcouldwouldneedntoughtto情态动词考题情态动词考题:1.Putonmoreclothes.Youbefeelingcoldwithonlyashirton.A.can B.couldC.mustD.would2.MustIdrivetohishouseandpickupthechildren?No,.A.youshouldntB.youmightnot C.youneednt D.youmustntCC3.WedidntseeTomatthemeetingyesterday.Heit.A.mustnthaveattended B.cannothaveattended C.neednthaveattended D.wouldhavenotattended4.Weplaychessthanbridge.Someofusdontknowhowtoplaybridge.A.hadbetterB.wouldbetter C.wouldrather D.hadratherBA5.Thereissomeoneknockingatthedoor.itbeTom?A.can B.mustC.shouldD.oughtto6.Twoyearago,myhusbandboughtmeabicycle.Ifyouliveintown,itisoftenfasterthanacarandyouworryaboutparking.A.mustnotB.maynotC.shouldnotD.donthavetoAD
