八年级期中复习语法.ppt
期中复习期中复习语法U5T1-系表结构U5T2-形容词的同级比较U5T3-使役动词U6T1-不定式U5T2-原因状语从句U6T2-时间状语从句U6T3-条件状语从句 系表结构定义：系动词是表示主语定义：系动词是表示主语“是什么是什么”或或“怎么样怎么样”的词。本身有词义，但不能单独的词。本身有词义，但不能单独做谓语，须后接表语构成做谓语，须后接表语构成“系表结构系表结构”来来说明主语的状况、性质、特征。说明主语的状况、性质、特征。常见的系动词有：常见的系动词有：be,become,get,turn,grow,look,feel,seem,sound,taste,smell,appear等。等。系动词分五类：表示“是”的be，用来表示主语的特征、状态或性质。e.g.He is a doctor.他是位医生。We are in the classroom.我们在教室里。Michael is very happy.迈克尔很高兴。表示保持一种状态或态度的系动词，如keep,stay,remain等。e.g.Lily keeps still when we take pictures of her.我们给莉莉照相的时候她静止不动。The shop often stays open till twelve at night.这家商店经常营业到晚上十二点。表示从一种状态转变为另一种状态的系动词，如become,turn,get,grow,turn,go等。e.g.I will become a teacher when I grow up.当我长大了，我会成为一名教师。The weather gets warmer and warmer.天气变得越来越暖和了。The trees turn green in spring.春天树木变绿了。表示“看起来”的系动词，如look,seem,appear。e.g.She looks very happy today.今天她看起来很高兴。Her father seems a serious man.她父亲似乎是个严肃的人。Everybody appears well prepared.大家看上去都做了充分的准备。表示其他感官感觉到的系动词，如feel（感觉起来；摸起来）,smell（闻起来）,taste（尝起来）,sound（听起来）等。e.g.Silk feels soft.丝绸摸起来很柔软。She feels unhappy.她感觉不开心。The flowers smell very sweet.这些花闻起来很香。Exercise I.根据汉语提示填空。1.Mike feels very _（孤独的）.2.The students looked _（疲惫的）because they did too much homework.3.The little girl is always _（害羞的）.4.My parents are very _（严格的）in my study.5.He feels _（失望的）because he failed in the exam.lonelytiredshystrictdisappointed3.ed形容词与-ing形容词的区别词义主语句中成分-ed“感到的”sb.表语/定语-ing“令人的”sth.表语/定语 excited；exciting Im excited at hearing the news.They wait for something exciting to happen.surprised;surprising I was surprised at how quickly she agreed.Its surprising that they lost in the game.Exercise II.用括号中适当的词填空。1.excited;excitingDo you know the Same Song to Dabieshan?Its so _and moving.Im very _ to see a football match this evening.2.interested;interestingShe was _ in reading books when she was eight years old.This story sounds _.excitingexcitedinterestedinteresting3.surprised;surprisingI was _at why he was used to swimming in winter.Its _that we all failed the exam.4.worrying;worriedWhy are you so _?It must be _ for your parents that you stay in net bar the whole night.5.frightening;frightenedWould you like to go to see a _film with me tonight?He was too _ to walk any more.surprisedsurprisingworriedworryingfrighteningfrightened(3)形容词的同级比较 a）肯定结构 A+be+as+形容词原级+as+B The film is as interesting as that one.b）否定结构 A+be+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+B Spring is not as/so cold as winter.c）表示倍数，如 (half/two/three/fourtimes)+asas The room is three times as large as that one.Exercise 适用形容词的同级比较结构翻译一下句子。1.汉语不如英语难。Chinese is not as/so hard as English.2.他跟他的哥哥一样高。He is as tall as his elder brother.3.汽车的花费是自行车的三倍。Cars often cost three times as much as bicycles.6.使役动词的用法(1)概念：“使役”就是叫别人去做事情的意思。(2)使役动词make和let的用法：make sb.do sth.Father makes me wash his car tomorrow.make sb.+adj.The song makes me happy.make sb.+n.We agree to make him monitor.let sb.do sth.He let me drink the water.归纳概括归纳概括 不定式的用法。不定式的用法。1.不定式在句中除了不能充当谓语外，不定式在句中除了不能充当谓语外，其他成分都能充当。其他成分都能充当。2.不定式作定语时，常放在所修饰的词之后。不定式作定语时，常放在所修饰的词之后。3.不定式作主语时，常用不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，把不作形式主语，把不定式放到后面。定式放到后面。4.不定式的否定形式是在不定式的否定形式是在to前直接加前直接加not。用作宾语用作宾语 (v.+to do)I want to buy a computer.She hopes to find a better job.I wish to go with you.need to do learn to do agree to do plan to do decide to do refuse to dobegin to do start to do try to doforget to do remember to do like to doStop to dogo on to do 用作宾语补足语：用作宾语补足语：(v.+sb.+to do)She asked me to help her.The teacher told him to come on time.Edisons mother taught him to read and write.want sb to dowish sb to do get sb to doorder sb to do find sb to be like sb to do would like sb to dohelp sb to do作宾语补足语不带作宾语补足语不带to 的情况：的情况：Let me do it.I saw him cross the street.常见动词有：常见动词有：使役动词使役动词:let,make,have 感官动词感官动词:see,watch,hear,feel,listen to比较：比较：I heard her singing in the next room.I heard her sing in the next room.用作状语用作状语(adverbial)：He came to show me his new CD player.I went there to see my teacher.She came back to get her English book.The boy was too frightened to move.(目的目的)(目的目的)(目的目的)（结果）（结果）用作主语用作主语1.To be here at Christmas time is my dream.2.To go abroad is his dream.3.To say is easy,to do is difficult.（这时可将其用形式主语（这时可将其用形式主语it来替换）来替换）It is my dream to be here at Christmas time.It is his dream to go abroad.It is easy to say,it is difficult to do.用作表语用作表语His work is to feed the animals.Her job is to look after the patients.My wish is to be a scientist.用作定语用作定语Give me something to drink.I have two books to read.They have much food to eat.（这时不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。（这时不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。若是不及物动词，介词不能省略）若是不及物动词，介词不能省略）He asked for a room to live in.I dont have a pen to write with.The ice is hard enough to skate on.He bought a toy to play with.原因状语从句概念：原因状语从句表示主句所发生的原因或理由，通常由because引导。Because I lost my cellphone,I didnt call you yesterday.=I didnt call you yesterday because I lost my cellphone.时间状语从句定义：由表时间的连词（定义：由表时间的连词（when,while,after,before,as soon as,notuntil）引导的状语）引导的状语从句。从句。条件状语从句定义：由if(如果)引导的状语从句叫做条件状语从句。注意注意在条件状语从句中，如果主句是一般在条件状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。或者是含有must,may,can,should等情态动词(见p44)Exercise 单项选择题1.Why do you like watching Lucky 52 program?-_its very interesting.A.How B.Because C.What D.Which2.The old man asked the girl to take another seat _ he wanted to sit next to his wife.A.because B.so that C.soWe will stay at home if my aunt _ to visit us tomorrow.A.comes B.come C.will come D.is coming6.The police asked the children _ cross the street _ the traffic lights turned green.A.not;before B.dont;when C.not to;until D.not;after7.I was late for class yesterday _ there was something wrong with my bike.A.when B.that C.until D.because8.Ill go swimming with you if I _ free tomorrow.A.will be B.shall be C.am D.was
