文艺复兴_英文简介.ppt

RENAISSANCE 汇报人：汇报人：信息收集人：信息收集人：PPT制作人制作人:TheRenaissancereferstotheperiodinEuropeancivilizationtowardstheendoftheMiddleAges,whichwascharacterizedbyasurgeofinterestinclassicallearningandvalues.Started Text Study _II_1.2Text StudyMain IdeasMain IdeasFeature:TheRenaissanceischaracterisedbyseekingideologicalemancipation,intellectualfreedomandpoliticalawareness,basedonculturalproductionandreligiousreformation.ThemoststrikingfeatureoftheRenaissancewasdoubtlesslytheflourishofhumanism.特点：文艺复兴时期的特点是追求思想解放，思想自由和政治意识，文化产品的生产和宗教改革的基础上。最突出的特点无疑是文艺复兴时期的人文主义的蓬勃发展。HumanismnHumanismisanapproachinstudy,philosophy,worldvieworpracticethatfocusesonhumanvaluesandconcerns.ItwasaculturalmovementinItalybasedonandinspiredbythestudyofclassicalworks.n以人为本是一种在研究，哲学，世界观和实践的方法，注重人的价值和关注。这是一个在意大利基础上上文化运动，灵感来自经典作品的研究。Middle Ages vs.Renaissance400-1400nReligiousnRuralculturenArtsareGod-centerednPoornIntellectualstagnation1400-1600n“Humanist”nUrbanculturenArtsmorehuman-centerednWealthynNewideasarediscussedWhat are the main causes of the Renaissance in Italy?nTheinventionoftheprintingpress1440nThesiegeofConstantinople1453nItalianurbanculturenItaliantradeandcontactwithotherculturesMap of Italian City-States(1494)Siege of Constantinople 1453君士坦丁堡的陷落君士坦丁堡的陷落 Constantinople(modern-dayIstanbulinTurkey)wasthecapitaloftheByzantineEmpire（拜占庭帝国）,thelastvestigeoftheEasternRomanEmpire.Italian contact with other culturesBecauseofitsconvenientlocationintheMediterranean,Italiancity-stateshadanadvantageoverNorthernEurope(theHanseaticLeague)inthattheywereintheideallocationtotradewiththerestoftheworld.TheMediterraneansea(地中海)isanidealplacetotradewithothernationsofvastlydifferentculture.Patronage of the Arts 提倡艺术提倡艺术ArtoftheRenaissancewasabletoflourishassculptors,architects,andartistswereabletofocustheirattentionontheirworkinsteadoftryingtofindawaytomakemoney.文艺复兴时期的艺术蓬勃发展，作为雕塑家，建筑师和艺术家们能够把注意力集中于自己的工作，而不是试图找到一种方法来赚钱。FlorenceFlorence(ofTuscany)isknownasthe“CityofFlowers.”ThiscityisusuallyconsideredthebirthplaceandcenteroftheItalianRenaissance.佛罗伦萨（托斯卡纳）被称为“花城”这个城市通常被认为是意大利文艺复兴时期的发源地和中心MediciChapelsMilanCenterof“Lombardy”VeniceGenoaLiterature of the RenaissancenGiovanniBoccaccioThe DecameronnNicoloMachiavelliThe PrincenFrancescoPetrarchVariousLovePoetryFamous Men of the RenaissancenLeonardodaVincinMichelangelonDonatellonRaphaelLeonardo da Vinci(1452-1519)LeonardodaVinciwasanItalianRenaissancepolymath(博学者):painter,sculptor,architect,musician,scientist,mathematician,engineer,inventor,anatomist,geologist,cartographer,botanistandwriterwhosegenius,epitomizedtheRenaissancehumanistideal.达芬奇是意大利文艺复兴时期的博学者：画家，雕塑家，建筑师，音乐家，科学家，数学家，工程师，发明家，解剖学家，地质学家，制图师，植物学家和作家，他的天才，集中体现了文艺复兴时期的人文主义理想。Leonardo da Vinci(1452-1519)SomeofhisgreatestandmostfamousworksincludeThe Last SupperandMona Lisa.Leonardo da Vinci(1452-1519)Michelangelo(1475-1564)MichelangelowasanItalianRenaissancepainter,sculptor,architect,poet,andengineerwhoexertedanunparalleledinfluenceonthedevelopmentofWesternart.米开朗基罗是意大利文艺复兴时期的画家，雕塑家，建筑师，诗人和工程师，对西方艺术的发展产生了无与伦比的影响力。Michelangelo(1475-1564)Pieta,isasculptureofMaryholdingthedeadbodyofJesus.Michelangelo(1475-1564)Ceiling of Sistine Chapel（西斯廷教堂）tookfouryearstocomplete.Donatello(1386-1466)DonatellowasanearlyRenaissanceItalianartistandsculptorfromFlorence.Heismostfamousforhisbronzestatues（青铜雕像）.Donatello(1386-1466)Bronze casting of David.Raphael(1483-1520)RaphaelwasanItalianpainterandarchitectoftheHighRenaissance.Raphael(1483-1520)School of Athens Renaissance in FranceFranois Rabelais（拉伯雷wasamajorFrenchRenaissancewriter,doctorandRenaissancehumanistandwasamonkandGreekscholar.HewroteGargantua and Pantagruel巨人传.1492 in Spain!-ChristopherColumbusdiscoveredtheAmericas-Granadawastaken(thiseventiscalledtheReconquista),thusunifyingtheIberianPeninsula-Intensification(增强)oftheSpanish Inquisition-JewsandMuslimswereexpelledfromthecountry-克里斯托弗哥伦布发现美洲-格拉纳达（此事件被称为“收复失地运动），从而统一了伊比利亚半岛-西班牙宗教裁判所的强化-犹太人和穆斯林驱逐出境Cervantes（赛万提）（赛万提）Hewasanovelist,adramatist(剧作家)andapoet.HisbestknowworkisDon Quixote（唐吉诃德）,astoryabouttheheroDonQuixoteandhiscompanionSanchoPanza.Renaissance in the Low NorthTheLowCountriesreferstotheareaofTheNetherlands(荷兰)andFlanders(佛兰德斯).Desiderius ErasmusDesideriusErasmus(14661536)wasaDutchRenaissancehumanist,Catholicpriest,andatheologianfromTheNetherlands.伊拉斯谟（1466-1536）是一家荷兰文艺复兴时期的人文主义者，天主教神父和神学家Pieter Bruegel the Elder（老（老彼得彼得勃鲁盖勃鲁盖尔）尔）PieterBruegel(c.15251569)wasarenaissancepainterandprintmakerknownforhislandscapesandpeasantscenes.勃鲁盖尔（公元前1525年至1569年），文艺复兴时期的画家和版画家，以风景画和农民场景著名。Renaissance in EnglandDuetosuchcircumstancesastheWaroftheRoses(acivilwarbetweentheHousesofYorkandLancaster)andEnglandsrelativelyisolatedgeographiclocation,theRenaissancedidnotmakeittoEnglanduntilmuchlater.ItwasnotuntilthereignofElizabeth IthatstabilitycametoEngland,allowingtheartstofinallyflourish.Thomas MoreSir Thomas More(14781535)wasanEnglishlawyer,socialphilosopher,author,statesmanandnotedRenaissancehumanist.托马斯莫尔爵士（1478-1535）是英国律师，社会哲学家，作家，政治家和著名文艺复兴时期的人文主义者ShakespeareShakespeare(15641616)wasaplaywrightthatlivedthroughtheElizabethanperiodofEngland.Hisplaysareknownforbeingfullofarchetypes(原型)andcleverlydepictingthe“humancondition.”ShallIcomparethee(you)toasummersday?Thou(you)art(are)morelovelyandmoretemperate;RoughwindsdoshakethedarlingbudsofMay,Andsummerslease(夏日的租约)hathalltooshortadate;Sometimestoohottheeyeofheaven（指太阳）shines,Andoftenishisgoldcomplexiondimmed;Andeveryfair（美好的人或物）fromfair（美好的状态）sometimesdeclines,Shall I Compare Thee to a Summers Day?(我想将你比作迷人的夏日我想将你比作迷人的夏日)By William ShakespeareSupplementary Resources_I_1.2Bychanceornatureschangingcourseuntrimmd(=untrimmed杂乱不整，意指因意外或是大自然无可避免的日夜交替与四季变换，美人终难免花容褪色);Butthyeternalsummershallnotfade,Norlosepossessionofthatfairthouowst(own);Norshalldeathbragthouwanderst(wander)inhisshade,Whenineternallinestotimethougrowst(grow);Solongasmencanbreathe,oreyescansee,Supplementary ResourcesSupplementary Resources_I_1.3Passage 1Passage 1Solonglivesthis,andthisgiveslifetothee.(十四行诗最后两行往往都是产生惊奇效果的诗句（punchlines），给人出人意表的文章总结。这里将对情人的赞美同时等同于对这首诗的肯定，甚至明指情人的存在是仰赖诗人的存在。)Supplementary ResourcesSupplementary Resources_I_1.4Passage 1Passage 1我想将你比作迷人的夏日，但汝却更显可爱和温存；狂野之风摧残着五月蓓蕾的柔媚，也一天天消逝着夏日的归期；苍天的明眸偶然泻出璀璨，却难以辉映他暗淡的容颜；一切明媚的色彩渐已消褪，过程是如此苍白；然而你却如永恒之夏，Supplementary ResourcesSupplementary Resources_I_1.4Passage 1Passage 1所有的美好永远也不会改变；就连死神也不敢对你嚣张，因你将永生于不朽的诗篇；只要世人一息尚存，你将和这诗篇永驻人间。